Quantitative Pickup of High Frequency Sequence-Time Units under Restriction of Milankovitch Sedimentary Rate in Continental Shallow Lake Basin: A Case Study of Huagang Formation in Huangyan Area, Xihu Sag
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摘要: 旋回地层学的研究对象由海相地层逐渐转移到陆相深水地层.为了探究通过旋回地层学研究方法在陆相浅水湖盆建立高频层序格架的可能，采用频谱分析、天文调谐、“米氏”沉积速率拾取等手段对东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷黄岩区渐新统坳陷湖盆的岩相敏感曲线-GR数据开展研究.频谱分析结果显示黄岩区花港组受405 ka长偏心率周期（E）、121 ka和97 ka短偏心率周期（e）、28 ka斜率周期（O）以及约22 ka岁差周期（P）的调控.在浅水湖泊环境的富泥区，以La2004天文解决方案给出的65°N平均日照序列为参照进行天文调谐，建立了浮动天文年代标尺；在浅水三角洲环境的富砂区，通过滑动窗口频谱分析得到“米氏”沉积速率曲线，结合锆石铀铅测年资料的校验和岩石组合类型联合约束，完成高频层序格架划分.研究表明：黄岩区花港组持续时间约为10.9 Ma，可识别出27个405 ka长偏心率周期，根据偏心率滤波曲线和日照量各级次包络面的对应关系共划分11个四级层序，27个五级层序，分别对应着0.8~1.6 Ma和0.4 Ma的基准面旋回，每个旋回在沉积速率曲线上表现为高‒低‒高的特征.本次研究提供了一种利用“米氏”沉积速率进行高频层序格架搭建及层序‒时间单元拾取的新方法，拓宽了旋回地层学的应用范围.Abstract: The research object of cyclostratigraphy has gradually shifted from marine strata to continental deep-water strata. In order to explore the possibility of establishing high frequency sequence framework in continental shallow lake basin by means of cyclicstratigraphy, spectral analysis, astronomical tuning and "Milankovitch" sedimentation rate picking were used to study the lithofacies sensitive curve-GR logging data of the Oligocene depression lake basin in Huangyan area of the Xihu sag, East China Sea shelf basin. The results of spectrum analysis show that the Huagang Formation in Huangyan area is regulated by 405 ka long eccentricity period (E), 121 ka and 97 ka short eccentricity period (e), 28 ka slope period (O) and about 22 ka precession period (P). Taking the 65°N average sunshine sequence given by La2004 astronomical solution as the reference for astronomical tuning, a floating astronomical chronometer scale is established in the mud-rich areas of the lake environment. In the sand-rich area of the shallow-water delta environment, the Milankovitch sedimentation rate curve was obtained through the sliding window spectrum analysis, combined with the zircon U-Pb dating data verification and joint constraints of rock assemblage type, the high-frequency sequence framework was set up. This study shows that the duration of Huagang Formation in Huangyan area is about 10.9 Ma, and 27 long 405 ka eccentricity cycles can be identified. According to the correspondence between the eccentricity filtering curve and the sub-envelope surface of sunshine amount, there are 11 fourth-order sequences and 27 fifth-order sequences, which correspond to the base level cycles of 0.8-1.6 Ma and 0.4 Ma respectively, and each cycle is characterized by high-low-high characteristics on the deposition rate curve. This study provides a new method to construct high frequency sequence framework and pick up the interface based on the "Milankovitch sedimentation rate", which broadens the application scope of cyclostratigraphy.
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图 1 西湖凹陷研究区黄岩区位置（a）和黄岩区沉积环境展布（b）
a.据中海油上海分公司研究院，有改动
Fig. 1. Location map of Huangyan area (a) and distribution map of sedimentary environment in Huangyan area (b)
图 2 西湖凹陷层序地层综合柱状图（据Zhang et al., 2018）
Fig. 2. Comprehensive histogram of sequence stratigraphy in Xihu sag (modified from Zhang et al., 2018)
图 3 西湖凹陷H1井MTM频谱分析及演化能谱分析
Fig. 3. MTM spectrum analysis and evolutionary spectral analysis of Well H1 in Xihu sag
图 4 西湖凹陷H2井MTM频谱分析及演化能谱分析
Fig. 4. MTM spectrum analysis and evolutionary spectral analysis of Well H2 in Xihu sag
图 5 渐新统65°N平均日照量曲线及不同级次包络面(年龄据国际地质年代表2022)
Fig. 5. Average sunshine amount curves and envelope surfaces of different orders in Oligocene at 65°N (according to GTS 2022)
图 6 西湖凹陷H1井天文调谐结果及高频层序划分图版
Fig. 6. Astronomical tuning results and high frequency sequence division plate of Well H1 in Xihu sag
图 7 西湖凹陷H2井天文调谐结果及在“米氏”沉积速率制约下的高频层序划分图版
Fig. 7. Astronomical tuning results and high frequency sequence division plate constrained by Milankovitch deposition rate of Well H2 in Xihu sag
图 8 西湖凹陷H5井凝灰岩样品典型锆石颗粒CL图像及测点位置（上）及锆石U-Pb定年谐和图（下）(数据来源于中海油上海分公司)
Fig. 8. CL images of typical zircon grains and their measurement points (top) and uranium-lead dating concordant diagram (bottom) of tuff samples from Well H5 in Xihu sag (data from CNOOC Shanghai Branch)
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