Geochemical Characteristics and Oil-Source Correlation of Crude Oils of Buried Hills in Shulu Sag, Jizhong Depression
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摘要: 为了探究束鹿凹陷潜山油藏的油气来源，利用聚类分析方法对主要烃源岩进行了精细划分，并通过生物标志化合物和油-岩成熟度对比，实现了潜山油源的精细对比.结果表明，潜山原油的地球化学特征总体相似，来自同一套烃源岩.Es1x烃源岩有机质以藻类和浮游生物输入为主，沉积于咸水、强还原环境，处于未熟-低成熟阶段，而Es3x烃源岩有机质以浮游生物和高等植物混合输入为主，沉积于淡水-微咸水、弱氧化-弱还原环境，成熟度随深度增加而增大，可细分为A、B、C、D四种类型，其中D类是最好的类型.油源对比表明，潜山原油主要来源于Es3x烃源岩，其中斜坡潜山原油主要来源于洼槽边缘浅层低成熟Es3x烃源岩，而洼中隆潜山原油主要来源于洼槽中心深层高-过成熟Es3x烃源岩.Abstract: In order to investigate the oil and gas sources of buried hill reservoirs in Shulu sag, the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) is used to divide the main source rock, and oil-source correlation is achieved through the comparison of biomarker and oil-rock maturity. The results show that the buried hill oils have similar geochemical characteristics on the whole, indicating that they come from the same set of source rock. The organic matter of Es1x source rock is dominated by algae and plankton, which is deposited in salt water and strong reduction environment and is in the stage of immature to low maturity. While the organic matter of Es3x source rock is mainly mixed input of plankton and higher plants, which is deposited in fresh-brine water, weak-oxidation and weak-reduction environment, and its maturity increases with the increase of depth. The Es3x source rock is further subdivided into four types: A, B, C, and D, and type D is the most favorable type. Comparison of biomarker and oil-rock maturity indicate that crude oils in buried hill reservoirs are mainly derived from Es3x source rock, of which oils in the slope buried hill are mainly derived from shallow low-mature Es3x source rock at the edge of the depression, and oils in the high-in-sag are mainly derived from deep high-over mature Es3x source rock in the center of the depression.
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Key words:
- biomarker compound /
- oil-source correlation /
- cluster analysis /
- buried-hill reservoir /
- Shulu sag /
- hydrocarbon
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图 1 冀中坳陷束鹿凹陷区域位置(a)、构造单元划分(b)及油藏剖面图(c~e)
Fig. 1. The location map (a), tectonic units (b) and profile map(c-e) of Shulu sag, Jizhong depression
图 2 束鹿凹陷Es1x和Es3x烃源岩有机质丰度评价图
Fig. 2. Evaluation of organic matter abundance of Es1x and Es3x source rocks in Shulu sag
图 3 束鹿凹陷Es1x和Es3x烃源岩有机质类型和成熟度评价图
Fig. 3. Evaluation of organic matter type and maturity of Es1x and Es3x source rocks in Shulu sag
图 4 束鹿凹陷潜山原油密度与粘度关系
Fig. 4. Plot of density and viscosity of crude oil of buried hills in Shulu sag
图 5 束鹿凹陷不同区域潜山原油组分含量分布
Fig. 5. Distribution of component content of buried hill crude oil in different areas of Shulu sag
图 6 束鹿凹陷潜山原油饱和烃色谱-质谱图
Fig. 6. Chromatography-mass spectra of saturated hydrocarbon of oil in buried hill of Shulu sag
图 7 束鹿凹陷烃源岩、原油Pr/nC17-Ph/nC18关系图
Fig. 7. Plot of the Pr/nC17 versus the Ph/nC18 of crude oil and source rocks in the Shulu sag
图 8 束鹿凹陷烃源岩、原油规则甾烷C27~C29相对含量三角图
Fig. 8. Ternary diagram of regular steranes (C27-C29) of crude oil and source rocks in the Shulu sag
图 9 束鹿凹陷典型烃源岩及原油饱和烃色谱-质谱图
Fig. 9. Chromatography-mass spectra of saturated hydrocarbon of source rocks and oil in Shulu sag
图 10 束鹿凹陷Es3x烃源岩聚类分析树状图及生标参数纵向变化图
Fig. 10. Tree diagram of hierarchical cluster analysis and longitudinal variation of biomarker parameters of Es3x source rock in Shulu sag
图 11 束鹿凹陷烃源岩、原油Pr/Ph-Ga/C31H关系图
Fig. 11. Plot of Pr/Ph versus Ga/C31H of source rock and crude oil in the Shulu sag
图 12 束鹿凹陷原油C29甾烷ββ/(αα+ββ)与C29甾烷20S/(20S+20R)成熟度比值交汇图
Fig. 12. Cross plot of C29 sterane ββ/(αα+ββ) and C29 sterane 20S/(20S+20R) maturity ratios of crude oils in the Shulu sag
表 1 实验样品与数据收集信息
Table 1. Information for experimental samples and collected data
样品类型 层位 数量（件） 分布深度(m) 取样井 备注 取样信息 烃源岩 Es1x 10 2 377~2 847 J58、J97、J116、ST1H 以灰色泥页岩为主，部分为膏质泥岩，油页岩 Es3x 63 3 118~4 290 J94、J97、J100、J116、ST1H 以泥灰岩为主，部分为泥页岩 原油 O 5 1 636.2~2 750.2 JG14-1、JG33、JG18(抽提液)、JG21、JG22 收集数据信息 原油生标参数 Es1x 1 2 757.5 J52 收集自华北油田资料室 Es3x 8 3 950~4 321 J98、J116、JG13、ST1H、ST2x、ST3 O 2 4 051~4 623 JG1、JG2 原油物性参数 O-$ {\rm{\rlap{-} C}}$ 56 1 332.1~4 769.1 JG6、JG33、JG14-1、J7、J23、J33、J34、JG22、JG23、JG1、JG2、JG4 
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表 2 束鹿凹陷潜山原油物性统计
Table 2. Statistical of physical properties of buried hill crude oil in Shulu sag
构造带 密度(g/cm3) 粘度(mPa·s) 含硫量(%) 含蜡量(%) 胶质+沥青质(%) 原油类型 洼中隆潜山 0.757~0.860 0.95~8.66 0.04~0.26 9.5~44.8 2.70~25.35 轻质油 0.826 (23) 4.07 (23) 0.13 (23) 17.05 (23) 8.22 (23) 斜坡北段 0.833~0.868 5.02~13.94 0.16~0.45 12.69~22.49 12.55~29.33 轻质油为主，部分中质油 0.856 (11) 9.00 (11) 0.27 (11) 16.85 (11) 21.03 (11) 斜坡南段 0.967~1.062 816~14 690 1.14~2.89 0.35~12.84 47.56~78.25 重质-超稠油 1.016 (21) 4 683 (21) 1.64 (21) 5.46 (9) 59.28 (21) 注：括号中数字为样品数.
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表 3 束鹿凹陷潜山原油生物标志化合物参数
Table 3. Parameters of biomarker compounds of buried hill crude oil in Shulu sag
井位 深度(m) Pr/Ph Pr/nC17 Ph/nC18 Ga/C31H ααα20R- C27(%) ααα20R- C28(%) ααα20R- C29(%) 20S/20(S+R)-C29 ββ/(αα+ββ)-C29 JG14-1 2 050 1.49 0.79 0.48 - - - - - - JG33 2 755 2.35 0.58 0.28 0.08 40.28 14.79 44.93 0.47 0.33 JG18 1 374 - - - 0.29 36.98 22.02 41.00 0.34 0.37 JG21 1 870 0.69 0.46 0.68 0.27 43.90 16.30 39.79 0.34 0.31 JG22 1 636 - - - 0.20 43.18 14.77 42.05 0.36 0.35 JG1 4 051 1.97 0.27 0.15 - - - - - - JG2 4 623 0.95 0.40 0.45 0.15 - - - 0.54 0.45
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