斑点火山的形成机制和岩石圈-软流圈边界(LAB)的性质

潘谟晗; 杨挺; 林间; 张帆; 周志远; 李海勇; 张旭博; 范兴利; 程子华

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2020.340

斑点火山的形成机制和岩石圈-软流圈边界(LAB)的性质

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.340

潘谟晗^1, ,,
杨挺^{1, 3, 4, , ,},
林间^{1, 2, 3, 5},
张帆^{2, 3},
周志远^{2, 3},
李海勇^{2, 3},
张旭博^{2, 3},
范兴利¹,
程子华^{2, 3}

1.
南方科技大学海洋科学与工程系, 广东深圳 518055
2.
中国科学院边缘海与大洋地质重点实验室, 南海海洋研究所, 南海生态环境工程创新研究院, 广东广州 511458
3.
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州), 广东广州 511458
4.
上海佘山地球物理国家科学野外观测研究站, 上海 200082
5.
伍兹霍尔海洋研究所, 美国马萨诸塞州伍兹霍尔 02543

基金项目:

自然科学基金项目 92058209

自然科学基金项目 41676033

自然科学基金项目 41890813

自然科学基金项目 41976066

自然科学基金项目 41976064

南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项 GML2019ZD0205

深圳市科创委项目 KQTD20170810111725321

深圳市科创委项目 JCYJ20180504170422082

深圳市科创委项目 GJHZ20170313101107497

详细信息

作者简介:
潘谟晗(1992-), 女, 在读博士生, 主要从事海洋地球物理学、地震学研究.ORCID: 0000-0003-0445-6462.E-mail: 11849522@mail.sustech.edu.cn

通讯作者:
杨挺(1971-), ORCID: 0000-0002-3433-0898.E-mail: tyang@sustech.edu.cn

中图分类号: P736
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-30
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-01

The Formation Mechanism of Petit-Spot Volcanoes and the Nature of the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary (LAB)

Pan Mohan^{1
,
,},
Yang Ting^{1, 3, 4
, ,
,},
Lin Jian^{1, 2, 3, 5},
Zhang Fan^{2, 3},
Zhou Zhiyuan^{2, 3},
Li Haiyong^{2, 3},
Zhang Xubo^{2, 3},
Fan Xingli¹,
Cheng Zihua^{2, 3}

1.
Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
3.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
4.
Shanghai Sheshan National Geophysical Observatory, Shanghai 200082, China
5.
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole 02543, USA

摘要

摘要: 近二十年来，在俯冲带外缘发现的斑点火山群代表了一种全新的海底岩浆活动类型.这种火山规模很小，成簇出现，年龄异常年轻，岩样以EM1型碱性玄武岩为主，孔隙度高且富含挥发性组分.有关斑点火山的岩浆起源以及与岩浆上涌相关的动力学过程目前仍然存在广泛的争论.本文系统性地介绍了斑点火山的特征，总结了前人针对其形成机制和岩浆源区研究提出的3种模型；另外，结合大洋岩石圈-软流圈边界(LAB)可能含熔体的最新研究成果，指出了斑点火山还可能与LAB的性质这一板块理论的根本科学问题密切相关；由于CO₂可能是导致LAB深度处出现熔融聚集层的原因，而斑点火山岩样中富含CO₂，因此斑点火山还可能是碳循环的重要组成部分.最后，本文对未来围绕斑点火山形成机制等科学问题的多学科综合研究做出展望.
- 斑点火山 /
- 海底岩浆作用 /
- 岩石圈-软流圈边界 /
- 海山 /
- 海洋地质
Abstract: The petit-spot volcanoes discovered near the subduction zone's outer rise represent a new type of seafloor magmatic activity. These volcanoes are small in scale, appear in clusters, and are extremely young. The rock samples are dominated by EM1 alkaline basalt, with high porosity and rich volatile components. The origin of magma of petit-spot volcanoes and the dynamic processes related to magma upwelling are still in debate. This paper presents the characteristics of petit-spot volcanoes and summarizes the three models proposed by previous studies on the formation mechanism and magma sources of these unique volcanoes. Based on the latest findings showing the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) beneath the oceanic plate may contain melts, we infer that the petit-spot volcanoes likely contain the clues about the fundamental scientific question of the nature of LAB. On the other hand, the volcanic rocks are rich in CO₂, which likely is the volatiles responsible for melt generation in the asthenosphere and melt accumulation at LAB. Therefore, the petit-spot volcano may also account for an important part of the carbon cycle. Finally, this paper proposes a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach is needed to reveal the formation mechanism of such unique volcanoes.
- petit-spot volcanoes /
- seafloor magmatism /
- lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary /
- seamounts /
- marine geology

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图 1 目前已发现的斑点火山群在全球俯冲带的分布

A, C, D. 日本海沟(Hirano et al., 2001, 2008; Fujiwara et al., 2007; Ohira et al., 2018)；B. 智利海沟(Hirano et al., 2013)；E. 巽他海沟(Hoernle et al., 2011; Taneja et al., 2015)；F. 汤加海沟(Reinhard et al., 2019)；G. 北马里亚纳海沟(Hirano et al., 2019)

Fig. 1. Global occurrence of petit-spot volcanoes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 斑点火山形成机制的不同模型

Fig. 2. A schematic of petit-spot volcanoes formation mechanisms

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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斑点火山的形成机制和岩石圈-软流圈边界(LAB)的性质

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.340

作者简介:
潘谟晗(1992-), 女, 在读博士生, 主要从事海洋地球物理学、地震学研究.ORCID: 0000-0003-0445-6462.E-mail: 11849522@mail.sustech.edu.cn

通讯作者:
杨挺(1971-), ORCID: 0000-0002-3433-0898.E-mail: tyang@sustech.edu.cn

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The Formation Mechanism of Petit-Spot Volcanoes and the Nature of the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary (LAB)

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留言板

斑点火山的形成机制和岩石圈-软流圈边界(LAB)的性质

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.340

作者简介: 潘谟晗(1992-), 女, 在读博士生, 主要从事海洋地球物理学、地震学研究.ORCID: 0000-0003-0445-6462.E-mail: 11849522@mail.sustech.edu.cn

通讯作者: 杨挺(1971-), ORCID: 0000-0002-3433-0898.E-mail: tyang@sustech.edu.cn

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The Formation Mechanism of Petit-Spot Volcanoes and the Nature of the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary (LAB)

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出版历程

目录

作者简介:
潘谟晗(1992-), 女, 在读博士生, 主要从事海洋地球物理学、地震学研究.ORCID: 0000-0003-0445-6462.E-mail: 11849522@mail.sustech.edu.cn

通讯作者:
杨挺(1971-), ORCID: 0000-0002-3433-0898.E-mail: tyang@sustech.edu.cn