Feasibility of Prospecting Based on PMGRA Gas Geochemical Survey in Shallow Covered Area of Liaodong Area
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摘要: 气体能携带深部矿化信息沿着岩石裂隙和断裂带迁移至地表，因此气体地球化学方法可以用于寻找覆盖层以下的隐伏断裂和矿体.基于便携式多组分气体快速分析仪（PMGRA），应用气体地球化学方法对辽东地区五龙金矿区和青城子地区开展了探索性的试验研究，并辅以相应的土壤地球化学测量进行对比.结果显示，异常区气体的浓度衬值非常大；在部分气体异常区，沿着构造倾向方向，具有CO2异常峰值出现在H2S、SO2和CH4之前的特点.在辽东浅覆盖区，气体和土壤地球化学测量均能反映隐伏构造和矿体；而在覆盖较厚地区，气体地球化学测量对断裂和矿体反映更明显，受覆盖层的类型和厚度影响较小.本次试验结果初步显示了基于PMGRA气体地球化学测量方法在浅覆盖区具有一定的可行性.Abstract: Gas can carry deep mineralization information migrated to the surface along the rock fissures and fault zones. Therefore, gas geochemical methods can be used to find hidden faults and ore bodies below the cover layer. Based on the Portable Multi-Component Gas Rapid Analyzer (PMGRA) geochemical method, exploratory experimental studies were carried out in Wulong gold mining area and Qingchengzi area, Liaodong area, and supplemented by corresponding soil geochemical surveys for comparison. The results show that the concentration of the gas in the abnormal area is very large, with the abnormal peaks of CO2 appearing before H2S, SO2 and CH4 in part of the gas anomaly area, along the structural dip direction. In the shallow covered area of Liaodong, both gas and soil geochemical surveys can reflect hidden structures and ore bodies. However, in the thicker covered area, gas geochemical surveys can more clearly reflect the faults and ore bodies, and are less affected by the type and thickness of the cover layer. The results of this test initially show the feasibility of PMGRA geochemical survey method in shallow covered area.
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Key words:
- PMGRA /
- shallow covered area /
- Wulong gold deposit /
- Qingchengzi area /
- Liaodong area /
- geochemistry
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图 2 青城子地区地质简图
据丹东青城子矿业有限公司(2010).辽宁省凤城市青城子铅锌矿接替资源勘查报告
Fig. 2. The geological sketch map of Qingchengzi area
图 3 研究区断裂和矿体野外照片
a.鸡心岭断裂的断层泥及断层角砾；b.鸡心岭断裂的断层泥；c.163号脉附近闪长岩上的石英脉及黄铁矿集合体；d.蚂蚁山附近的尖山子断裂
Fig. 3. Field photographs of fractures and orebodies in the study area
图 5 五龙金矿P1地球化学综合剖面
Fig. 5. Comprehensive geochemical profile of P1 in Wulong gold deposit
图 6 五龙金矿P2地球化学综合剖面
Fig. 6. Comprehensive geochemical profile of P2 in Wulong gold deposit
图 7 青城子地区P3地球化学综合剖面
Fig. 7. Comprehensive geochemical profile of P3 in Qingchengzi area
图 8 青城子地区P4地球化学综合剖面
Fig. 8. Comprehensive geochemical profile of P4 in Qingchengzi area
表 1 P1剖面气体和土壤数据参数统计
Table 1. Parameter statistics of gas and soil geochemical data in P1 profile
元素 样品数 最小值 最大值 背景值 平均值 标准离差 异常下限 富集系数 变异系数 衬值 H2S 24 0.009 0.515 0.036 0.083 0.124 0.07 2.31 1.48 14.31 SO2 24 0.289 3.729 0.654 0.953 0.877 1.28 1.46 0.92 5.70 CH4 24 550 2 200 1 113 1 113 456.9 2 027 1.00 0.41 1.98 CO2 24 6 000 99 000 17 434 20 833 18 788 35 240 1.19 0.90 5.68 Au 17 1.9 233 18.6 38 59.8 55.1 44.70 1.58 12.53 Ag 17 0.021 4.781 0.218 0.648 1.192 0.60 10.80 1.84 21.93 As 17 3.2 121 37.124 37.1 35.2 107.47 8.44 0.95 3.26 Hg 17 24 50 34.529 35 7 48.12 2.88 0.20 1.45 Cu 17 9.3 17.3 12.824 12.8 2.7 18.23 0.75 0.21 1.35 Pb 17 30.4 52.1 40 40.4 6.3 53.1 2.13 0.16 1.30 Zn 17 36.2 66.8 49 49.5 9.1 67.8 0.73 0.18 1.36 W 17 0.96 6.7 2.7 2.9 1.46 4.99 3.10 0.49 2.48 Sn 17 0.2 7.5 0.69 1.7 2.1 1.6 0.80 1.28 10.87 Mo 17 0.23 3.39 0.59 0.97 0.94 1.08 1.56 0.97 5.75 Bi 17 0.21 28.5 0.63 3.34 7.66 1.08 18.5 2.30 45.24 Mn 17 96 425 256 256 97 450 0.44 0.38 1.66 Cr 17 67.2 116 89.4 89.4 14.2 117.9 1.94 0.16 1.30 Co 17 5.2 13.1 7.6 7.9 2.1 10.9 0.79 0.26 1.72 Ni 17 29.3 57.4 39.0 40.1 6.7 49.5 1.61 0.17 1.47 B 17 19 114 61.8 62 26 113.6 2.90 0.42 1.84 F 17 330 947 629 629 157 942 1.30 0.25 1.51 注：背景值为剔除特异值后的平均值，异常下限为背景值加两倍标准离差，气体的富集系数为平均值与背景值的比值，元素的富集系数为平均值与中国东部元素丰度（迟清华和鄢明才，2007）的比值，变异系数为标准离差与平均值的比值，气体或元素的衬值为最大值与背景值的比值.气体的浓度单位为10-6；土壤数据中除Au、Hg的含量单位为10-9，其余元素的含量单位为10-6. 
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表 2 P2剖面气体和土壤数据参数统计
Table 2. Parameter statistics of gas and soil geochemical data in P2 profile
元素 数据个数 最小值 最大值 背景值 平均值 标准离差 异常下限 富集系数 变异系数 衬值 H2S 16 0.011 > 1 0.082 0.188 0.334 0.23 2.29 1.78 12.20 SO2 16 0.379 > 4 0.93 1.44 1.58 2.0 1.55 1.09 4.30 CH4 16 495 3 600 1 164 1 317 819 2 298 1.13 0.62 3.09 CO2 16 13 000 96 000 30 733 34 812 20 334 55 855 1.13 0.58 3.12 Au 16 0.9 4.6 2.62 2.6 1.1 4.8 3.10 0.41 1.76 Ag 16 0.038 0.204 0.076 0.088 0.044 0.134 1.47 0.50 2.68 As 16 8.1 21.5 12.3 12.8 3.6 18.2 2.90 0.28 1.75 Hg 16 38 70 49 51 9 65 4.20 0.18 1.43 Cu 16 7 13.7 10.1 10.1 2 14.1 0.60 0.20 1.36 Pb 16 19.4 35.4 27.6 27.6 4.3 36. 1 1.45 0.15 1.28 Zn 16 45.2 78.5 56.5 57.8 9.3 72.3 0.85 0.16 1.39 W 16 1.6 2.98 2.2 2.18 0.45 3.1 2.20 0.21 1.35 Sn 16 1 3.3 1.9 2 0.7 3.3 0.95 0.34 1.74 Mo 16 0.28 1.71 0.8 0.8 0.48 1.8 1. 30 0.60 2.14 Bi 16 0.28 0.86 0.52 0.52 0.17 0.87 2.91 0.33 1.65 Mn 16 165 456 305 305 82 469 0.53 0.27 1.50 Cr 16 58.7 102 75 77.1 11.5 95 1.68 0.15 1.36 Co 16 5.2 12.8 8.2 8.5 1.9 11.4 0.85 0.22 1.56 Ni 16 20.6 44.2 28.6 29.5 7.1 40.9 1.18 0.24 1.55 B 16 9 28 13.0 16 6 18.9 0.75 0.36 2.15 F 16 400 543 480 481 48 576 0.99 0.10 1.13 注：背景值、异常下限、富集系数、变异系数、衬值的计算方法同表 1；气体的浓度和元素的含量单位同表 1.
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表 3 P3剖面气体和土壤数据参数统计
Table 3. Parameter statistics of gas and soil geochemical data in P3 profile
元素 样品数 最小值 最大值 背景值 平均值 标准离差 异常下限 富集系数 变异系数 衬值 H2S 57 0.012 0.804 0.145 0.199 0.13 0.40 1.37 1.02 5.54 SO2 57 0.407 > 5 1.744 1.857 1.07 3.88 1.06 0.65 2.87 CH4 57 907.7 3 622.3 1 947.15 1 947.15 708.65 3 364.45 1.00 0.36 1.86 CO2 57 800 19 900 2 914.4 4 901.1 1 623.01 6 160.37 1.68 0.96 6.83 Au 43 0.6 263 11.44 22.6 17.26 45.95 26.57 2.38 11.64 Ag 43 0.02 4.07 0.32 0.61 0.38 1.08 10.10 1.57 6.67 As 43 9.5 200 31.65 43.3 22.01 75.68 9.84 1.03 4.62 Hg 43 35 77 51.37 51 10.97 73.32 4.28 0.21 1.51 Cu 43 13.3 66.4 22.16 23.5 4.57 31.29 1.38 0.35 2.83 Pb 43 19.1 98.6 37.23 38.7 9.95 57.13 2.03 0.35 2.55 Zn 43 43.3 177 67.39 71.3 10.19 87.77 1.05 0.30 2.48 W 43 2.64 22.7 4.1 5.09 1.08 6.25 5.25 0.77 4.46 Sn 43 0.2 6.5 1.36 1.7 1.01 3.37 0.79 0.90 3.82 Mo 43 0.14 2.95 0.38 0.54 0.24 0.87 0.88 1.12 5.46 Bi 43 0.26 1.16 0.48 0.5 0.09 0.67 2.75 0.28 2.32 Mn 43 228 751 439.51 440 122.25 684.00 0.76 0.28 1.71 Cr 43 56.9 91.8 73.91 73.9 8.81 91.53 1.61 0.12 1.24 Co 43 8.9 19.4 14.15 14.2 2.15 18.45 1.42 0.15 1.37 Ni 43 39.5 65.3 49.25 49.6 5.03 59.32 1.98 0.11 1.32 B 43 23 162 62.3 70 23.72 109.74 3.35 0.48 2.31 F 43 359 971 620.44 620 137.59 895.62 1.28 0.22 1.13 注：背景值、异常下限、富集系数、变异系数、衬值的计算方法同表 1；气体的浓度和元素的含量单位同表 1.
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表 4 P4剖面气体地球化学数据参数统计
Table 4. Parameter statistics of gas geochemical data in P4 profile
元素 样品数 最小值 最大值 背景值 平均值 标准离差 异常下限 富集系数 变异系数 衬值 H2S 23 0.005 > 1 0.03 0.09 0.02 0.07 3.00 2.31 33.33 SO2 23 0.123 > 5 0.54 0.73 0.33 1.19 1.35 1.35 9.26 CH4 23 683.8 4 550 1 415.47 1 678.34 399.05 2 213.58 1.19 0.57 3.21 CO2 23 4 000 75 000 15 400 21 304.35 7 653.00 30 706.00 1.38 0.82 4.87 注：背景值、异常下限、富集系数、变异系数、衬值的计算方法同表 1；气体的浓度单位同表 1.
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