Features and Model of Mixed Sediments in Lower Submember of First Member of Shahejie Formation in Lixian Slope, Raoyang Sag
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摘要: 混积滩坝不仅发育于海相沉积盆地,也广泛发育于陆相断陷湖盆,特别是在缓坡带最为发育并与油气富集密切相关.以饶阳凹陷蠡县斜坡为靶区,基于岩心与测井资料,通过岩心与薄片观察、粒度分析、微量元素含量测定等手段确定了研究区沙一下亚段混积滩坝沉积和分布特征,建立了断陷湖盆缓坡混积滩坝的沉积模式.研究表明,可以依据岩性将蠡县斜坡发育的滩坝分为碎屑岩滩坝、碳酸盐岩滩坝和混积滩坝,其中混积滩坝又可以分为成分混积滩坝和层系混积滩坝.混积滩坝岩性以灰质砂岩、砂质鲕粒灰岩、生物碎屑灰岩等为主,其发育与展布受控于古气候、古物源、古地貌、古水体等地质因素,在斜坡不同位置、不同沉积阶段构成了不同类型的滩坝沉积组合.斜坡近岸缓坡带发育层系混积滩坝以及碎屑岩滩坝,远岸缓坡带发育成分混积滩坝,远岸水下低隆带主要发育碳酸盐岩滩坝.Abstract: Not only are mixed rocks distributed in marine basins,but they are also distributed in a large number of hanging wall slope areas in rift sags and related to hydrocarbon accumulation closely. Mainly based on the core data and logging data of the Lixian slope,and the sedimentary characteristics and distribution of mixed beach-bars are studied through the core and thin section observation,grain size analysis,log facies analysis. Firstly,seismic data,pollen data,and trace element data were analyzed to restore the depositional environment controlling factors such as paleoclimate,paleo-provenance,paleogeomorphology,and paleo-water characteristics in the first member of Shahejie Formation. Then,the sedimentary model of the mixed beach-bars in the lower submember of the first member of Shahejie Formation in Lixian slope was systematically built. The results show that the beach-bar facies developed in the hanging wall slope area of Raoyang sag can be divided into siliciclastic beach-bars,carbonate beach-bars,and mixed beach-bars according to petrologic characteristics. Moreover,mixed beach-bars can be divided into component-mixed beach-bars and stratified-mixed beach-bars. The lithology of mixed beach-bar was mainly of calcareous sandstone,sandy oolitic limestone,and bioclastic limestone. The distribution of mixed beach-bar was controlled by factors such as paleoclimate,paleo-provenance,paleogeomorphology,and paleo-water characteristics. Therefore,different sedimentary patterns developed in different positions and different sedimentary stages on the slope. Stratified-mixed beach-bars and siliciclastic beach-bars were deposited in the near-shore ramp,and component-mixed beach-bars were deposited in the far-shore ramp. Carbonate beach-bars were mainly distributed on the far-shore low uplift.
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图 4 饶阳凹陷蠡县斜坡沙一段滩坝沉积典型岩性照片
a.灰白色粉细砂岩, 小型楔状交错层理, 高15井, 2 351.80 m;b.灰色泥质粉砂岩,波状交错层理, 高22井, 2 951.20 m;c.灰白色细砂岩, 浪成砂纹交错层理, 西柳16X井, 3 094.10 m;d.灰黑色灰质页岩, 水平层理, 高52井, 3 095.40 m;e.灰色含鲕粒细砂岩, 饶4井, 3 409.70 m;f.灰白色鲕粒灰岩, 高31井, 2 470.40 m;g.灰白色泥质粉砂岩, 含大量植物碎屑, 雁61井, 2 732.70 m;h.生物碎屑灰岩, 饶3井, 2 797.20 m;i.灰白色颗粒灰岩, 饶3井, 2 797.30 m
Fig. 4. Typical core photos of the 1st member of Shahejie Formation, Lixian slope, Raoyang sag
图 5 饶阳凹陷蠡县斜坡沙一段滩坝沉积镜下特征
a.灰质页岩;高保1X井,2 333.10 m,单偏光,20x;b.灰质页岩,高保1X井,2 333.70 m,单偏光,100x;c.粉砂质泥岩;宁49井,3 296.60 m,单偏光,50x;d.钙质粉细砂岩,饶3井,2 793.50 m,单偏光,50x;e.细砂岩;保深3井,2 175.40 m,单偏光,50x;f.灰质粉细砂岩,宁202井,3 571.60 m,单偏光,100x;g.钙质粉细砂岩,饶3井,2 793.50 m,正交光,50x;h.细砂岩,保深3井,2 175.40 m;正交光,50x;i.灰质粉细砂岩,宁202井,3 571.60 m,正交光,100x;j.鲕粒灰岩,西柳4井,3 297.20 m,单偏光,20x;k.砂质鲕粒灰岩,饶3井,2 797.50 m,单偏光,50x;l.复鲕,饶3井,2 800.00 m,单偏光,50x;m.颗粒灰岩,饶3井,2 797.60 m,单偏光,50x;n.颗粒灰岩,饶3井,2 797.60 m,正交光,50x;o.生物碎屑灰岩,饶3井,2 798.20 m,单偏光,100x
Fig. 5. Slice photos of beach-bar sandbodies of the 1st member of Shahejie Formation, Lixian Slope, Raoyang sag
图 9 饶阳凹陷蠡县斜坡沙河街组一段下亚段古水深分布
古水深分布修改自殷杰等(2017)
Fig. 9. The distribution of water depth of the lower submember of Shahejie Formation in Lixian slope, Raoyang sag
表 1 二端元混积岩分类
Table 1. Classification of mixed rocks
类别 组分比例 组分名称 以碳酸盐为主 10% < LS < 25% 含陆源碎屑-碳酸盐岩,如:含砂鲕粒灰岩 25% < LS < 50% 陆源碎屑质-碳酸盐岩,如:砂质鲕粒灰岩 以陆源碎屑为主 TS < 25% 含碳酸盐-陆源碎屑岩,如:含鲕粒砂岩 25% < TS < 50% 碳酸盐质-陆源碎屑岩,如:鲕粒质砂岩 注:TS代表碳酸盐组分;LS代表陆源碎屑组分.修改自董桂玉等(2007). 表 2 饶阳凹陷蠡县斜坡沙一段滩坝沉积微量元素含量数据
Table 2. Analysis of the test results of trace elements of the 1st member of Shahejie Formation, Lixian slope, Raoyang sag
井号 样品深度(m) Cu(μg/g) Sr(μg/g) Ba(μg/g) Sr/Cu Sr/Ba 保深3井 2 086.10 62.0 519 977 8.370 968 0.531 218 高36井 2 776.20 59.2 420 441 7.094 595 0.952 381 高52井 3 094.30 54.1 948 861 17.523 110 1.101 045 宁202井 3 465.50 57.2 301 673 5.262 238 0.447 251 宁202井 3 566.70 57.5 762 1 045 13.252 170 0.729 187 宁49井 3 292.30 77.0 277 502 3.597 403 0.551 793 宁49井 3 293.10 61.6 244 386 3.961 039 0.632 124 饶3井 2 792.80 69.3 282 559 4.069 264 0.504 472 饶3井 2 797.00 61.2 366 721 5.980 392 0.507 628 饶4井 3 406.94 74.4 406 630 5.456 989 0.644 444 饶4井 3 410.86 80.7 340 580 4.213 135 0.586 207 任3井 2 771.40 70.5 288 517 4.085 106 0.557 060 任3井 2 785.80 73.7 212 541 2.876 526 0.391 867 西柳5井 3 330.34 42.4 692 799 16.320 750 0.866 083 西柳5井 3 324.24 67.8 470 713 6.932 153 0.659 187 -
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