Mixed Sediment Characteristics and Geophysical Responses in Northern Area of Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay Basin
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摘要: 混合沉积具有碎屑岩类与碳酸盐岩类的双重特征，国内外尚未建立有效的混和沉积储层识别方法.通过对辽东湾北部地区混合沉积发育背景、岩石学特征分析，将混合沉积分为陆源碎屑型、生物成因碳酸盐型、化学沉淀碳酸盐型3种.明确了3种类型混合沉积的发育相带与模式.通过对不同类型的岩石物理参数交会分析认为：生物成因碳酸盐型具有中低-中高纵波速度、低密度、低纵波阻抗特征，化学沉淀碳酸盐型及陆源碎屑型具有中高纵波速度、高密度、高阻抗特征，纵波阻抗与密度是区分不同类型混合沉积的敏感参数；通过地震正演模拟与实际地震资料响应对比，发现辽北地区沙河街组混合沉积地层受到下伏潜山地层低频强能量的屏蔽，创新采用匹配追踪方法对潜山顶面强反射进行压制，并在此基础上进行岩性敏感参数预测，有效地提高了沙河街组混合沉积储层的识别能力.Abstract: Mixed sediments have the dual characteristics of clastic rocks and carbonate rocks, but no effective identification method for mixed sedimentary reservoirs has been established. Based on the analysis of the development background and petrological characteristics of mixed sediments in the northern area of Liaodong Bay, the mixed sediments are divided into three types:terrigenous clastic type, biogenic carbonate type and chemical precipitated carbonate type. In addition, facies and pattern of the three types of mixed sediments are defined. Based on the cross-analysis of the physical parameters for different types, it is concluded that the biogenic carbonate type has the characteristics of medium-low to medium-high P-wave velocity, low density, and low P-wave impedance, the chemical precipitation carbonate type and terrigenous clastic type have the characteristics of medium-high P-wave, high density, and high P-wave impedance, with P-wave impedance and density as the sensitive parameters to distinguish the mixed sediments of different types. Through seismic forward modeling and real seismic data response comparison, it is found that mixed sediment strata were effected by strong low frequency energy shielding underlying buried hill formation in the area of north Liaodong Bay Shahejie Formation. In this paper, it applies an innovative matching pursuit method to the top of the buried hill to suppress strong reflection, on the basis of which lithologic sensitive parameters are predicted, effectively improving the recognition ability of the Shahejie Formation of mixed sediment strata.
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Key words:
- Liaodong Bay /
- mixed sediment /
- geophysical responses /
- matching pursuit /
- sedimentation
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图 2 沙河街组一、二段沉积期古地貌恢复
Fig. 2. Paleogeomorphic recovery map of the 1-2 members of Shahejie Formation
图 3 辽东湾地区古近系古环境综合图
Fig. 3. Comprehensive map of paleoenvironment in the Liaodong Bay area
图 4 陆源碎屑型混合沉积岩电特征及地球物理响应
Fig. 4. Lithological and electrical characteristics and geophysical response of terrigenous clastic mixed sediments
图 5 生物成因碳酸盐型混合沉积岩电特征及地球物理响应
Fig. 5. Lithological and electrical characteristics and geophysical response of biogenic carbonate mixed sediments
图 6 化学沉淀碳酸盐型混合沉积岩电特征及地球物理响应
Fig. 6. Lithological and electrical characteristics and geophysical response of chemical precipitation carbonate mixed sediments
图 8 辽东湾地区锦州20构造区单井纵波速度与密度参数交会分析
Fig. 8. Intersection analysis of longitudinal wave velocity and density parameters of single well in JZ20 structure in Liaodong Bay area
图 9 混合沉积地质模式正演模拟地震记录
Fig. 9. Forward modeling seismic records of mixed sediments geological model
图 10 锦州20构造区已钻井地质模式剖面（a）及正演模拟的地震记录（b）
Fig. 10. JZ20 tectonic zone even well geologic profile model (a) and forward modeling seismic record (b)
图 12 地层结构强反射对储层影响地质模式（a）及地震响应（b）示意图
Fig. 12. Schematic diagrams of geological model (a) and seismic response (b) of reservoir influenced by strong reflection of formation structure
图 13 匹配追踪强反射压制后连井地震剖面
Fig. 13. Matching tracking strong reflection before and after separation
图 14 去强轴前（a）后（b）波阻抗反演连井剖面
Fig. 14. Wave impedance inversion of well profile before(a) and after (b) separation
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