Controlling Effect of Tectonic Transformation in Paleogene Wenchang Formation on Oil and Gas Accumulation in Zhu Ⅰ Depression
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摘要: 珠一坳陷在中始新世文昌裂陷期幕内存在显著构造转变，该构造事件对烃源岩发育、储层形成及油气运聚等成藏的基础条件有重要影响.基于三维地震、钻井、测井、录井等资料研究表明，在构造转变制约下，早、晚文昌期生烃中心及物源体系出现明显迁移，使得高丰度暗色泥岩和大型块状砂岩在纵、横向上错层叠置发育；二者在时空上多期次叠加、耦合，控制了下构造层优势汇聚和上构造层油气再分配；二级构造带上丰富的圈闭类型为油气成群成带分布提供良好的存储场所.构造转变导致生储运聚等成藏条件发生变化，在珠一坳陷形成烃源迁移型、物源迁移型和断裂转换型3类控藏模式.Abstract: There was a significant structural change in the Middle Eocene Wenchang rift stage in ZhuⅠdepression, which has an important impact on the basic conditions of source rocks, reservoir formation, hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. On the basis of an integrated analysis of three-dimensional seismic, drilling, logging and mud logging data, hydrocarbon generation centers and sedimentation systems in the early and late Wenchang Formation have obviously migrated, causing high abundance dark mudstones and large massive sandstones to develop vertically and horizontally in staggered stacks, under the restriction of tectonic transformation. The superposition and coupling of the dark mudstones and massive sandstones have controlled the preponderance convergence of the lower structural layer and the redistribution of oil and gas in the upper structural layer. Abundant traps in secondary structural zones provided good storage places for oil and gas distribution. Tectonic transformation has led to changes of the conditions in hydrocarbon generation, storage, transportation and accumulation. And three types of accumulation control modes have been formed in ZhuⅠdepression, namely, source rock migration, provenance migration and fault conversion.
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图 1 珠一坳陷区域地质概况
a.构造单元及位置；b.地层划分
Fig. 1. Regional geological outline of Zhu Ⅰ depression
图 2 珠一坳陷文昌组下段剥蚀及文昌期构造转变
图中等值线为文昌组下段的剥蚀厚度等值线，粗箭头为裂陷南北转换的方向，细箭头为沿断层走向的迁移方向，不同颜色的实线段为不同成因的剥蚀线，应力莫尔圆代表早、晚文昌期应力场的转变，详见图例
Fig. 2. Denudation of the lower part of Wenchang Formation and structural transformation in Wenchang Formation, Zhu Ⅰ depression
图 3 珠一坳陷早、晚文昌期构造转变典型地质现象
a.惠州26洼‒西江24洼裂陷南北转变, 代表裂陷南北转变及地层剥蚀现象；b.番禺4北次洼‒番禺4南次洼裂陷沿断裂走向迁移, 裂陷沿断层走向迁移及地层剥蚀现象；c.西江33洼缓坡带地层剥蚀现象, 代表构造转变期地层剥蚀现象；d.陆丰13洼南部缓坡带岩浆底辟现象, 代表构造转变期岩浆低侵和地层剥蚀现象；地震测线位置见图 1
Fig. 3. Typical geological phenomena of structural transformation during early and late Wenchang Formation in Zhu Ⅰ depression
图 4 珠一坳陷文昌组上、下段烃源岩迁移模式
据朱红涛等（2016）修改. a. 惠州凹陷: 跨断层南北转换模式；b.西江凹陷: 沿断层走向异迁移模式；c.恩平凹陷: 沿断层倾向自迁移模式
Fig. 4. Migration model of source rocks in upper and lower parts of Wenchang Formation, Zhu Ⅰ depression
图 5 珠一坳陷文昌组上、下段优质烃源岩构造背景及地化特征
a.优质烃源岩发育的构造背景; b.不同地区优质烃源岩TOC含量
Fig. 5. Structural and geochemical characteristics of high-quality source rocks in upper and lower parts of Wenchang Formation, Zhu Ⅰ depression
图 6 珠一坳陷文昌组上段（a）、下段（b）优质烃源岩与富生烃洼陷分布
Fig. 6. Distribution of high-quality source rocks and hydrocarbon-rich sags in upper (a) and lower parts (b) of Wenchang Formation, Zhu Ⅰ depression
图 7 珠一坳陷文昌组上段（a）、下段（b）沉积体系变化特征（陆丰地区）
Fig. 7. Sedimentary characteristics of upper (a) and lower (b) parts of Wenchang Formation, Lufeng area, Zhu Ⅰ depression
图 8 珠一坳陷文昌组典型连井剖面图(陆丰地区)
Fig. 8. Well correlation section of Wenchang Formation of Lufeng area, Zhu Ⅰ depression
图 9 珠一坳陷文昌组烃源岩产状类型及油气分布
Fig. 9. Types of source rocks and hydrocarbon distribution of Wenchang Formation in Zhu Ⅰ depression
图 10 珠一坳陷古近系二级构造带划分
Fig. 10. Division of Paleogene secondary structural zones in Zhu Ⅰ depression
图 11 珠一坳陷恩平地区烃源岩迁移型成藏模式
Fig. 11. Source rock migrated accumulation model of Enping area in Zhu Ⅰ depression
图 12 珠一坳陷陆丰地区物源迁移型成藏模式
Fig. 12. Provenance migrated accumulation model of Lufeng area in Zhu Ⅰ depression
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