Geochronology, Geochemistry and Geological Implications of Diabase Porphyrite in Tiemuli W-Fe Deposit, Chongyi County, Jiangxi Province
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摘要: 华南地区中生代基性岩浆岩以拉斑玄武岩系列为主，碱性系列少见.江西崇义铁木里地区发育由碱性辉绿玢岩和A型花岗岩组成的双峰式侵入岩组合，对其中的辉绿玢岩开展了矿物学、年代学和地球化学研究.辉绿玢岩的斑晶矿物以次透辉石为主，少量为透辉石和普通辉石；基质中的斜长石为中长石（Ab=39.11%~43.30%），角闪石为钛闪石.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明辉绿玢岩的形成不早于136.6 Ma.岩石具有低SiO2（41.73%~46.68%）、TiO2（1.72%~1.94%），富TFeO（7.64%~9.24%）、Al2O3（15.70%~17.22%），全碱含量高（5.28%~6.60%）的特征，Mg#值为0.51~0.54，属于碱性玄武岩系列.轻重稀土元素之间、轻稀土元素内部分馏强（（La/Yb）N=17.58~22.28，（La/Sm）N=4.72~5.18），Eu异常不明显（δEu=0.84~0.99），显著富集大离子亲石元素，轻微富集高场强元素，过渡族元素含量较原始地幔偏低.Nd同位素表现为亏损特征（εNd=+3.45），（87Sr/86Sr）i=0.707 5，（206Pb/204Pb）i=18.769 6，（207Pb/204Pb）i=15.733 7，（208Pb/204Pb）i=39.110 0，显示OIB与EMII过渡特点.矿物成分、岩石地球化学、Nd同位素特征指示铁木里辉绿玢岩源自软流圈，部分熔融发生于石榴石稳定域，是软流圈地幔减压低程度熔融的产物，碱性玄武质岩浆与陆壳物质之间的同化混染作用较弱，岩浆演化过程中发生了单斜辉石、磷灰石和铁钛氧化物的分离结晶作用.华南内陆在白垩纪处于伸展拉张的应力状态，碱性玄武质岩石形成于岩石圈拉张和超壳深大断裂联合作用形成的板内伸展裂解（类裂谷）构造环境.Abstract: The Mesozoic basic igneous rock in South China is dominated by tholeiite series, while the alkali series is rare. Bimodal intrusive pluton composed of alkali diabase porphyrite and A-type granite occurs in Tiemuli area, Chongyi County, Jiangxi Province. Mineralogical, geochronological and geochemical analyses of the diabase porphyrite were carried out. The Tiemuli diabase porphyrite displays porphyritic texture.Phenocrysts are dominated by salite, with minor diopside and augite, while groundmass minerals comprise andesite (with Ab values of 39.11%-43.30%), kaersutite and clinopyroxene chemically equivalent to phenocrysts. The diabase porphyrite was emplaced after the granite (136.6 Ma) and belongs to alkali basalt series, characterized by low SiO2 (41.73%-46.68%) and TiO2 (1.72%-1.94%) contents, high TFeO (7.64%-9.24%), Al2O3 (15.70%-17.22%) and alkali (5.28%-6.60%) contents, and moderate Mg# values (molar ratios of MgO/(MgO+TFeO), 0.51-0.54). The fractionation between light rare earth elements (LREEs) and high rare earth elements (HREEs) and fractionation of LREEs are remarkable ((La/Yb)N=17.58-22.28, (La/Sm)N=4.72-5.18), while the Eu anormalies are negligible (δEu=0.84-0.99). All rocks are significantly enriched in large iron lithophile elements (LILEs) and are slightly enriched in high field strength elements (HFSEs), with lower contents of transition elements than primitive mantle. They have εNd, (87Sr/86Sr)i, (206Pb/204Pb)i, (207Pb/204Pb)i and (208Pb/204Pb)i values of +3.45, 0.707 5, 18.769 9, 15.733 7 and 39.110 0, respectively, displaying transitional features between OIB and EMII. Mineralogical, geochemical and Nd-Hf isotopic characteristics suggest that the Tiemuli diabase porphyrite was generated in asthenosphere and the partial melting took place in garnet stability field. The alkali basalt magma was derived from small degree of decompression melting of depleted asthenospheric mantle and contamination of crustal materials was minor. Fractional crystallization of clinopyroxene, apatite and Fe-Ti oxides took place during the basaltic magma evolution. Some enriched components from lithospheric mantle might be involved in. The Cretaceous alkali basaltic rocks developed interior of South China were formed in intracontinental extension (rift-like) regime related to regional lithospheric extension and deep-penetrating faults.
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图 1 铁木里岩体大地构造位置图（a）和地质简图（b）
图b据1∶50 000麟潭圩幅地质图，江西省地质矿产局，1984
Fig. 1. A schematic tectonic framework of South China, showing the location of Tiemuli pluton (a) and the geological map of Tiemuli pluton (b)
图 2 铁木里辉绿玢岩的野外产状和岩相学特征
a、b.辉绿玢岩呈脉状侵入黑云母碱长花岗岩中；c.辉绿玢岩的似斑状结构（正交偏光）；d.辉绿玢岩基质（背散射）. Krs.钛闪石；Mag.磁铁矿；Pl.斜长石；Px.辉石；Tlc.滑石
Fig. 2. Occurrence and petrographic characteristics of the Tiemuli diabase porphyrite
图 3 铁木里辉绿玢岩中辉石的Wo-En-Fs图解（底图据Morimoto和黄婉康，1988）
Fig. 3. Wo-En-Fs discrimination diagram for pyroxenes from the Tiemuli diabase porphyrite (after Morimoto and Huang, 1988)
图 4 铁木里辉绿玢岩的锆石阴极发光图像
实线圆表示U-Pb分析点位；虚线圆表示Lu-Hf分析点位
Fig. 4. Cathodoluminescence images of analyzed zircon grains from the Tiemuli diabase porphyrite
图 5 铁木里辉绿玢岩的(Na2O+K2O)-SiO2图解（a）和Zr/TiO2-Nb/Y图解（b）
图a底图据le Bas et al.（1986）；图b底图据Winchester and Floyd（1976）
Fig. 5. (Na2O+K2O) vs. SiO2 diagram (a) and Zr/TiO2 vs. Nb/Y diagram (b) of the Tiemuli diabase porphyrite
图 6 铁木里辉绿玢岩球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线图（a）和原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图（b）（标准化值取自Sun and McDonough, 1989）
Fig. 6. Chondrite-normalized REE pattern (a) and primitive mantle-normalized trace element pattern (b) of the Tiemuli diabase porphyrite (normalized values from Sun and McDonough, 1989)
图 7 铁木里辉绿玢岩的εNd(t)-(87Sr/86Sr)i图解（a）、(207Pb/204Pb)i-(206Pb/204Pb)i图解（b）和(208Pb/204Pb)i-(206Pb/204Pb)i图解（c）（底图据Zindler and Hart, 1986）
Fig. 7. εNd(t) vs. (87Sr/86Sr)i diagram (a), (207Pb/204Pb)i vs. (206Pb/204Pb)i diagram (b) and (208Pb/204Pb)i vs. (206Pb/204Pb)i diagram (c) of the Tiemuli diabase porphyrite (after Zindler and Hart, 1986)
图 8 铁木里辉绿玢岩微量元素与Zr的相关图
Fig. 8. Diagrams of trace elements vs. Zr for the Tiemuli diabase porphyrite
图 9 铁木里辉绿玢岩的微量元素对陆壳物质混染作用的判别图解（图b据Loubet et al., 1988）
Fig. 9. Discrimination diagrams of the Tiemuli diabase porphyrite for crustal contamination ((b) after Loubet et al., 1988)
图 11 铁木里辉绿玢岩中单斜辉石的SiO2-Al2O3关系图（a）和n(AlIV)-n(Si)关系图（b）
图a底图据张旗（1992）；图b底图据Kushiro（1960）
Fig. 11. SiO2 vs. Al2O3 diagram (a) and n(AlIV) vs. n(Si) diagram (b) of clinopyroxenes from Tiemuli diabase porphyrite
图 12 铁木里辉绿玢岩中钛闪石的TiO2-Al2O3成分图解（据姜常义和安三元，1984）
Fig. 12. TiO2 vs. Al2O3 diagram of the Tiemuli diabase porphyrite (after Jiang and An, 1984)
图 13 铁木里辉绿玢岩构造环境判别图解
a.底图据Pearce and Cann（1973）；A.岛弧拉斑玄武岩；B.MORB、岛弧拉斑玄武岩和钙碱性玄武岩；C.钙碱性玄武岩；D.板内玄武岩. b. 底图据Meschede（1986）；AI.板内碱性玄武岩；AII.板内碱性玄武岩和板内拉斑玄武岩；B.E-MORB；C.板内拉斑玄武岩和火山弧玄武岩；D.N-MORB和火山弧玄武岩
Fig. 13. Discrimination diagrams for tectonic setting of the Tiemuli diabase porphyrite
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