Age and Tectonic Setting of Devonian and Carboniferous Fragments in Nongba Area of Changning-Menglian Suture Zone: Radiolarian, Detrital Zircon U-Pb Age and Hf Isotope Constraints
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摘要: 造山带中远洋深水沉积物是恢复古大洋的重要依据之一，昌宁-孟连古特提斯结合带存在大量海相沉积物，但是否存在大洋盆地相的远洋沉积还不清楚.对弄巴地区被认为最可能是洋盆相沉积的石炭系岩片和海相泥盆系岩片进行了岩石学、放射虫时代、碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素研究.石炭系岩片放射虫硅质岩中鉴定出放射虫6属8种，时代为早石炭世早-中期.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示，泥盆系岩片岩屑石英杂砂岩碎屑锆石年龄范围为387~3 266 Ma，最年轻一组年龄为387~413 Ma；石炭系岩片中与放射虫硅质岩共生的基性凝灰岩碎屑锆石年龄为341~3 403 Ma，最年轻一组年龄为341~354 Ma.综合锆石年龄和化石资料，限定泥盆系岩片原始沉积时代为早-中泥盆世，石炭系岩片时代为早石炭世早-中期.碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱特征和Hf同位素组成指示泥盆系岩片和石炭系岩片具有相似的物质源区，主要来源于亲冈瓦纳的陆壳，少量来自于古生代特提斯域新生岛弧.早-中泥盆世地层岩片原始沉积于亲冈瓦纳的大陆斜坡环境；早石炭世地层岩片原始沉积于亲冈瓦纳的大陆斜坡至古特提斯洋盆边缘环境，不是远洋深水的大洋盆地环境.寻找以远洋深水沉积物为代表的大洋盆地相沉积并开展研究是当前昌宁-孟连古特提斯研究的重要方向之一.Abstract: The pelagic abyssal sediments in orogenic belt are important basis for the restoration of the ancient ocean. The Changning-Menglian suture zone preserves a large number of marine sedimentary strata fragments,but it is not clear whether there are ocean basin facies pelagic sediments. Petrology,radiolarian age and detrital zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopes of the Carboniferous and Devonian fragments,which were thought to be the ocean basin facies sediments in the Nongba area,are studied in this paper. Early Carboniferous radiolarian fossils have been identified in the Carboniferous fragments. The detrital zircon ages of the Devonian fragment range from 3 266 Ma to 387 Ma,with the youngest group of 387-413 Ma. The detrital zircon ages of the basic tuff associated with radiolarian chert in the Carboniferous fragments range from 3 403 Ma to 341 Ma,and the youngest group is 341-354 Ma. Based on the detrital zircon ages and fossil data,it can be concluded that the primary depositional age of the Devonian fragments is limited to the Early-Middle Devonian,and that of the Carboniferous fragment is early-middle Early Carboniferous. The U-Pb age spectrum and Hf isotopic composition of detrital zircons indicate that Devonian and Carboniferous fragments have similar provenance,mainly from the Gondwana-related continental crust,and a small amount from the Paleo-Tethyan island arc. The Early-Middle Devonian fragments were originally deposited in the continental slope environment of Gondwana,while the early-middle Early Carboniferous fragments were originally deposited in the Gondwana-related continental slope to the edge of Paleo-Tethys ocean basin environment. It is one of the important research directions of Paleo-Tethys to find and study the ocean basin facies sedimentary rocks in the Changning-Menglian belt.
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图 1 西南三江南段构造格架简图(a)和研究区地质图(b)
图a：I1.哀牢山结合带，I2.兰坪-思茅地块，I2-1.墨江-绿春陆缘弧，I2-2.兰坪-思茅盆地，I2-3.云县-景洪陆缘弧，I3.南澜沧江结合带；II1.昌宁-孟连结合带，II2.临沧-勐海增生地块；III1.保山-镇康地块，III2.潞西-瑞丽结合带，III3.腾冲-梁河岩浆弧.图b：Dm.玄武岩、含放射虫硅质岩、硅质泥岩、岩屑石英砂岩、粉砂岩、泥岩；Dw.岩屑石英砂岩、粉砂岩、泥岩，少量硅质岩；CPy.厚层块状生物碎屑泥晶灰岩、鲕粒灰岩、角砾状灰岩；C1pž.玄武岩、玄武质凝灰岩；P2d.厚层状生物碎屑泥晶灰岩、亮晶砂屑生物碎屑灰岩
Fig. 1. Tectonic sketch map of the southern segment of Sanjiang tectonic belt (a) and geological map of the study area (b)
图 3 弄巴剖面野外露头及不同类型岩石
a.早石炭世岩片；b.早石炭世岩片，岩性为薄层状硅质岩与硅质泥岩互层；c.早石炭世岩片，岩性为薄层状放射虫硅质岩夹中-厚层状基性凝灰岩；d.早石炭世岩片，岩性为基性凝灰岩；e.泥盆纪岩片；f.泥盆纪岩片，岩性为薄层状硅质岩.图中黄色圆圈代表放射虫采样点
Fig. 3. Photographs of outcrop and various rocks of the Nongba section
图 4 弄巴剖面不同类型岩石显微结构特征
a.早石炭世岩片，基性凝灰岩(单偏光)；b.早石炭世岩片，基性凝灰岩(单偏光)；c.泥盆纪岩片，岩屑石英杂砂岩(单偏光)；d.泥盆纪岩片，岩屑石英杂砂岩(正交偏光). Chl.绿泥石；Mus.白云母；Pl.斜长石；Qtz.石英；Ser.绢云母；Lf.岩屑碎片
Fig. 4. Microstructures of various rocks of the Nongba section
图 5 弄巴地区早石炭世岩片放射虫
a~d. Albaillella paradoxa Deflandre, 1952, 早石炭世；e~f. Belowea variabilis (Ormiston & Lane, 1976), 早石炭世维宪期-谢尔普霍夫期；g~i. Entactinia variospina (Won, 1983), 晚泥盆-早石炭；j~n. Latentifistula impella (Ormiston & Lane, 1976), 早石炭世杜内期-维宪期；o. Astroentactinia stellaesimilis Won, 1991, 早石炭世杜内期-维宪期；p. Entactinia deflandrei (Won, 1991), 早石炭世杜内期-维宪期；q. Entactinia inaequoporosa Won, 1983, 早石炭世维宪期；r. Entactinia unispina Won, 1991, 晚泥盆世弗拉期-早石炭世维宪期.图中比例尺均为100 μm
Fig. 5. Radiolaria from the Nongba section
图 6 早石炭世(a)和泥盆纪岩片(b)代表性锆石阴极发光图像
Fig. 6. Cathodoluminescence (CL) images of representative zircons from the Early Carboniferous (a) and Devonian (b) rocks
图 7 锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图和年龄频分布
a、b.早石炭世岩片基性凝灰岩(13NB01-1)锆石；c、d.泥盆纪岩片岩屑石英杂砂岩(13NB02-1)锆石
Fig. 7. Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams and histograms for representative rocks from the Nongba section
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