Late Quaternary Stratigraphic Sequence and Depositional Response in the Western Bohai Sea
-
摘要: 渤海是一个仅通过渤海海峡与北黄海相接的半封闭陆架浅海，晚第四纪以来的地层演化过程复杂，目前尚不清楚，且海相地层的形成时代存在争议.为了研究渤海西部晚第四纪以来的地层层序，对高分辨率浅地层剖面声学地层与典型钻孔沉积地层的进行对比分析.研究表明：高分辨率浅地层剖面自下而上划定的7个声学地层单元（U5、U4-2、U4-1、U3、U2、U1-2、U1-1）与钻孔岩心划分的沉积地层单元具有良好的对应关系.与MIS4期、MIS2期低海面时期的沉积间断密切相关的两个层序界面R5、R3，将渤海西部晚第四纪（MIS5期）以来的地层层序自下而上划分为3个层序（SQ3、SQ2、SQ1）：SQ3识别出下部海侵体系域与高水位体系域、上部海退体系域，分别对应MIS5期海平面相对较高时期的滨-浅海相交替沉积（U5）、MIS4期早期滨海相沉积（U4-2）；SQ2自下而上由低水位体系域[MIS4期中晚期与黄河、滦河相关的河湖相沉积（U4-1）]与海侵体系域[MIS3期早中期滨海相沉积（U3）]组成；SQ1自下而上包括低水位体系域[末次冰盛期与滦河相关的河湖相沉积（U2）]、海侵体系域[全新世早中期滨海相沉积（U1-2）]高水位体系域[全新世高海面以来的浅海相沉积（U1-1）].研究区的地层发育受控于海平面变化、沉积物供应、渤海海峡地形及活动构造的共同作用.Abstract: The Bohai Sea (BS) is a semi-enclosed sea connected to the North Yellow Sea only via the Bohai Strait. Its stratigraphic evolution during the Late Quaternary has been complex and unresolved. Moreover, the timing of Late Quaternary transgression has been a matter of controversy. In order to study the stratigraphic sequence in the western BS during the Late Quaternary, high-resolution seismic reflection data in conjunction with depositional stratigraphy of typical cores were analyzed. The results indicate that high-resolution seismic profiles from the study area were subdivided into seven seismic units (U5, U4-2, U4-1, U3, U2, U1-2, U1-1 in ascending order), which were clearly correLated with the depositional units of core TJC-1.These units constitute three distinctive sequences (SQ3, SQ2, SQ1 from bottom to up) bounded by two sequence boundaries (R5, R3) with obvious depositional hiatus, correLated with sea-level lowstands of MIS4 and MIS2, respectively. SQ3 consists of the lower transgressive systems tract (TST) and highstand systems tract (HST) (U5, interactive deposits of littoral and neritic facies in MIS5), and the upper regressive systems tract (RST) (U4-2, littoral facies in early MIS4). SQ2 is composed of lowstand systems tract (LST) (U4-1, fluvial and lacustrine facies in middle-Late MIS4 correlating with the Huanghe River and Luanhe River) and TST (U3, littoral facies during the early-middle MIS3) from the bottom up. SQ1 comprises LST (U2, fluvial and lacustrine during Last Glacial Maximum correlating with Luanhe River), TST (U1-2, littoral facies during the early-middle Holocene) and HST (U1-1, neritic facies since the sea-level highstand of Holocene). Stratigraphy development in the study area during the Late Quaternary was governed mainly by sea-level changes, provenance, the Bohai Strait topography and the active faults.
-
Key words:
- the western Bohai Sea /
- Late Quaternary /
- sea-level changes /
- stratigraphic sequence /
- marine geology
-
图 1 渤海西部浅地层剖面测线与钻孔位置
Fig. 1. Locations of shallow seismic profiles and cores in the western Bohai Sea
图 2 研究区W-E向过Bc-1孔典型浅地层剖面（剖面位置见图 1）
Fig. 2. W-E seismic profile through core Bc-1 in the study area
图 3 研究区NW-SE向过BH08孔典型浅地层剖面（剖面位置见图 1）
Fig. 3. NW-SE seismic profile through core BH08 in the study area
图 5 研究区地层单元U1-1（a）、U1-2（b）、U2（c）、U3（d）、U4-1（e）、U4-2（f）厚度图（单位：m）
Fig. 5. Isopach maps of units U1-1(a), U1-2(b), U2(c), U3(d), U4-1(e), U4-2(f) in the study area
图 6 研究区TJC-1孔0~51.50 m段沉积地层与过孔浅地层剖面对比[剖面位置见图 1, 纵坐标为深度（m）]
Fig. 6. Correlation between the depositional units of the core TJC-1(0~51.50 m) and the seismic units from the profile through the core in the study area
图 7 研究区TJC-1孔粒度参数、底栖有孔虫与介形虫组合垂向变化
Fig. 7. Downcore variations in grain-size parameters, benthic foraminiferal and ostracod assemblages of core TJC-1 in the study area
图 8 研究区TJC-1孔与周边钻孔地层对比
BZ1孔据肖国桥等（2008）; BQ1孔据阎玉忠等（2006）; YRD-1101孔据Liu et al.（2016）; HB1孔据Liu et al.（2009）; BH08孔据李小艳等（2015）; Bc-1孔据秦蕴珊等（1985）; 钻孔位置见图 1
Fig. 8. Stratigraphic comparison of core TJC-1 with neighbor cores in the study area
图 9 研究区晚第四纪层序地层与海平面变化的对比
A据Lea et al.（2002）; B据Chappell et al.(1996）; C据Liu et al.（2004）
Fig. 9. Stratigraphic sequence in the Liaodong Bay and its correlation with sea-level changes during the late Quaternary
-
[1] Berné, S., Vanger, P., Guichard, F., et al., 2002. Pleistocene Forced Regressions and Tidal Sand Ridges in the East China Sea. Marine Geology, 188:293-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00446-2 [2] Chappell, J., Omura, A., Esat, T., et al., 1996. Reconciliaion of Late Quaternary Sea Levels Derived from Coral Terraces at Huon Peninsula with Deep Sea Oxygen Isotope Records. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 141(1/2/3/4):227-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(96)00062-3 [3] Chen, X. H., Li, R. H., Lan, X. H., et al., 2014. Formation and Paleo-Environmental Implications of Hard Clay in the Central North Yellow Sea during the Late Period of Pleistocene. Quaternary Sciences, 34(3):570-578(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dsjyj201403011 [4] Chen, X. H., Li, R. H., Lan, X. H., et al., 2018. Stratigraphy of Late Quaternary Deposits in the Mid-Western North Yellow Sea. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 36(6):2130-2153. doi: 10.1007/s00343-019-7146-9 [5] Fairbanks, R. G., 1989. A 17 000-Year Glacio-Eustatic Sea Level Record:Influence of Glacial Melting Rates on the Younger Dryas Event and Deep Ocean Circulation. Nature, 342:637-642. https://doi.org/10.1038/342637a0 [6] Folk, R. L., Ward, W. C., 1957. Brazos River Bar:A Study in the Significance of Grain Size Parameters. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 31:514-519. [7] Green, A. N., 2009. Palaeo-Drainage, Incised Valley Fills and Transgressive Systems Tract Sedimentation of the Northern Kwazulu-Natal Continental Shelf, South Africa, SW Indian Ocean. Marine Geology, 263:46-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2009.03.017 [8] Han, Z. Z., Zhang, J. Q., Zou, H., et al., 2011. Characteristics and Provenance of Clay Mineral Assemblage of Sediments from the Northern Part of the Bohai Bay. Periodical of Ocean University of China(Natural Sciences), 41(11):95-102(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=qdhydxxb201111016 [9] Lan, X. H., Li, R. H., Mi, B. B., et al., 2016. Distribution Characteristics of Rare Earth Elements in Surface Sediment and Their Provenance Discrimination in the Eastern Bohai and Northern Yellow Seas. Earth Science, 41(3):464-474(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dqkx201603013 [10] Lan, X. H., Li, R. H., Chen, X. H., et al., 2018. Study of Sedimentary Geochemistry in the Western Bohai Sea since Late Pleistocene. Advances in Marine Scicence, 36(1):67-78(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=hbhhy201801006 [11] Lea, D. W., Martin, P. A., Pak, D. K., et al., 2002. Reconstructing a 350 ky History of Sea Level Using Planktonic Mg/Ca and Oxygen Isotope Records from a Cocos Ridge Core. Quaternary Sciences Reviews, 21:283-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(01)00081-6 [12] Li, S. L., 1994. A Preliminary Study of Foraminifera and Ostracoda Assemblages in the Liaodong Bay. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 30(2):181-193(in Chinese with English abstract). [13] Li, T. G., Chang, F. M., Yu, X. K., 2010. Younger Dryas event and Formation of Peat Layers in the Northern Yellow Sea. Earth Science Frontiers, 17 (1):322-329 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dxqy201001026 [14] Li, X. S., Liu, B. H., Zhao, Y. X., et al., 2010. Late Pleistocene-Holocene Submarine Active Structures in the Bohai Sea. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 32(5):52-59(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=hyxb201005007 [15] Li, X. Y., Zhao, Q. H., Yao, Z. Q., et al., 2015. Transgressive Records of Last Million Years in the Bohai Sea, China:Evidence from Foraminifera and Ostracoda of Core BH08. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 35(6):93-108 (in Chinese with English abstract). [16] Liu, J. G., Li, A. C., Chen, M. H., et al., 2007. Geochemical Characteristics of Sediments in the Bohai Sea Mud Area during Holocene. Geochimica, 36(6):559-568(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dqhx200706004 [17] Liu, J. P., Milliman, J. D., Gao, S., et al., 2004. Holocene Development of the Yellow River's Subaqueous Delta, North Yellow Sea. Marine Geology, 209:45-67. doi: 10.1016/j.margeo.2004.06.009 [18] Liu, J., Saito, Y., Kong, X. H., et al., 2010. Delta Development and Channel Incision during Marine Isotope Stages 3 and 2 in the Western South Yellow Sea. Marine Geology, 278:54-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.09.003 [19] Liu. J., Saito, Y., Wang, H., et al., 2009. Stratigraphic Development during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene Offshore of the Yellow River Delta, Bohai Sea. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 36:318-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2009.06.007 [20] Liu. J., Wang, H., Wang, F. F., et al., 2016. Sedimentary Evolution during the Last~1.9 Ma near the Western Margin of the Modern Bohai Sea. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 451:84-96. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.03.012 [21] Marsset, T., Xia, D., Berné, S., et al., 1996. Stratigraphy and Sedimentary Environments during the Late Quaternary, in the Eastern Bohai Sea (North China Platform). Marine Geology, 135:97-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(96)00038-2 [22] Nordfjord, S., Goff, J. A., Austin Jr, J. A., et al., 2006. Seismic Facies of Incised Valley Fills, New Jersey Continental Shelf:Implications for Erosion and Preservation Processes Acting during Latest Pleistocene-Holocene Transgression. Journal of Sedimentary Researches, 76:1284-1303. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2006.108 [23] Qin, Y. S., Zhao, Y. Y., Zhao, S. L., et al., 1985. Geology of the Bohai Sea. Science Press, Beijing, 161-211(in Chinese). [24] Saito, Y., Katayama, K., Ikehara, K., et al., 1998. Transgressive and Highstand Systems Tract and Post-Glacial Transgression, the East China Sea. Sedimentary Geology, 122:217-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0037-0738(98)00107-9 [25] Satio, Y., Wei, H., Zhou, Y., et al., 2000. Delta Progradation and Chenier Formation in Huanghe(Yellow River) Delta, China. Journal of Asian Science, 18:489-497. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1367-9120(99)00080-2 [26] Wang, H. J., Liu, B. H., Li, X. S., 2011. Activity of the Faults in the Southern Part of Bohai Sea since the Late Pleistocene. Advances in Earth Science, 26(5):556-564(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dqkxjz201105011 [27] Wang, P. X., Min, Q. B., Bian Y. H., 1980. A Preliminary Study of Foraminiferal and Ostracoda Assemblages of the Yellow Sea, Papers on Marine Micropaleontology. China Ocean Press, Beijing, 84-100 (in Chinese). [28] Wang, P. X., Min, Q. B., Bian Y. H., 1981. Strata of Quaternary Transgression in East China:A Preliminary Study. Acta Geologica Sinica, 55(1):1-13(in Chinese with English abstract). [29] Wang, P. X., Zhang, J. J., Zhao, Q. H., et al., 1988.Foraminifera and Ostracoda in Surface Sediments of the East China Sea. China Ocean Press, Beijing, 1-307 (in Chinese). [30] Wang, Q., Tian, G. Q., 1999. The Neotectonic Setting of Late Quaternary Transgressions on the Eastern Coastal Plain of China. Journal of Geomechanics, 5(4):41-48(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dzlxxb199904005 [31] Xiao, G. Q., Guo, Z. T., Chen, Y. K., et al., 2008. Magnetostratigraphy of BZ1 Borehole in West Coast of Bohai Bay, Northern China. Quaternary Sciences, 28(5):909-916(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dsjyj200805014 [32] Yan, Y. Z., Wang, H., Li, F. L., et al., 2006.Sedimentary Environment and Sea-Level Fluctuations Revealed by Borehole BQ1 on the West Coast of the Bohai Bay, China. Geological Bulletin of China, 25(3):357-382. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=zgqydz200603006 [33] Yang, Z. G., Lin, H. M., Wang, S. J., et al., 1998. A Study of the Ancient Cold Water Mass Sediments in South Yellow Sea during Last Interglacial. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 1:47-58(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK199801028457 [34] Yao, Z. Q., Guo, Z. T., Chen, Y. K., et al., 2006. Magnetostratigraphy of Marine Terrigenous Facies Deposits in Bohai Bay. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 1:9-15. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=hydzydsjdz200601002 [35] Yi, L., Yu, H. J., Ortiz, J. D., et al., 2012. Late Quaternary Linkage of Sedimentary Records to Three Astronomical Rhythms and the Asian Monsoon, Inferred from a Coastal Borehole in the South Bohai Sea, China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 329:101-117. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=e49fa43a9d0ffd03f5f16a195b120c3e [36] Yoo, D. G., Chang, T. S., Lee, G. S., et al., 2016. Late Quaternary Seismic Stratigraphy in Response to Postglacial Sea-Level Rise at the Mid-Eastern Yellow Sea. Quaternary International, 392:125-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.07.045 [37] Zhao, Q. H., Wang, P. X., 1988. Modern Ostracoda in Sediments of Shelf Seas Off China:Quantitative and Qualitative Distributions. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 19(6):553-561 (in Chinese with English abstract). [38] 陈晓辉, 李日辉, 蓝先洪, 等, 2014.晚更新世末北黄海中部硬质粘土层的形成及其古环境意义.第四纪研究, 34(3):570-578. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2014.03.11 [39] 韩宗珠, 张军强, 邹昊, 等, 2011.渤海湾北部底质沉积物中黏土矿物组成与物源研究.中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 41(11):95-102. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=qdhydxxb201111016 [40] 蓝先洪, 李日辉, 密蓓蓓, 等, 2016.渤海东部和黄海北部表层沉积物稀土元素的分布特征与物源判别.地球科学, 41(3):464-474. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.038 [41] 蓝先洪, 李日辉, 陈晓辉, 等, 2018.渤海西部晚更新世以来沉积地球化学研究.海洋科学进展, 36(1):67-78. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6647.2018.01.006 [42] 李淑鸾, 1994.辽东湾表层沉积中有孔虫介形虫研究.北京大学学报:自然科学版, 30(2):181-193. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-BJDZ402.010.htm [43] 李铁刚, 常凤鸣, 于心科, 2010. Younger Dryas事件与北黄海泥炭层的形成.地学前缘, 17(1):322-329. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dxqy201001026 [44] 李西双, 刘保华, 赵月霞, 等, 2010.渤海海域晚更新世-全新世的活动构造.海洋学报, 32(5):52-59. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=hyxb201005007 [45] 李小艳, 赵泉鸿, 姚政权, 等, 2015.渤海百万年以来的海侵记录:BH08孔有孔虫与介形类证据.海洋地质与第四纪地质, 35(6):93-108. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-HYDZ201506016.htm [46] 刘建国, 李安春, 陈木宏, 等, 2007.全新世渤海泥质沉积物地球化学特征.地球化学, 36(6):559-568. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.2007.06.004 [47] 秦蕴珊, 赵一阳, 赵松龄, 等, 1985.渤海地质.北京:科学出版社, 161-211. [48] 汪品先, 闵秋宝, 卞云华, 等, 1981.我国东部第四纪海侵地层的初步研究.地质学报, 55(1):1-13. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-DZXE198101000.htm [49] 汪品先, 闵秋宝, 卞云华, 1980.黄海有孔虫、介形虫组合的初步研究.海洋微体古生物论文集.北京: 海洋出版社, 84-100. [50] 汪品先, 章纪军, 赵泉鸿, 等, 1988.东海底质中的有孔虫和介形虫.北京:海洋出版社, 1-307. [51] 王洪聚, 刘保华, 李西双, 2011.晚更新世以来渤海南部海域断裂活动性.地球科学进展, 26(5):556-564. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=dqkxjz201105011 [52] 王强, 田国强, 1999.中国东部晚第四纪海侵的新构造背景.地质力学学报, 5(4):41-48. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.1999.04.005 [53] 肖国桥, 郭正堂, 陈宇坤, 等, 2008.渤海湾西岸BZ1钻孔的磁性地层学研究.第四纪研究, 28(5):909-916. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.2008.05.014 [54] 阎玉忠, 王宏, 李凤林, 等, 2006.渤海湾西岸BQ1孔揭示的沉积环境与海面波动.地质通报, 25(3):357-382. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2006.03.006 [55] 杨子赓, 林和茂, 王圣洁, 等, 1998.对末次间冰期南黄海古冷水团沉积的探讨.海洋地质与第四纪地质, 1:47-58. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK199801028457 [56] 姚政权, 郭正堂, 陈宇坤, 等, 2006.渤海湾海陆交互相沉积的磁性地层学.海洋地质与第四纪地质, 1:9-15. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=hydzydsjdz200601002 [57] 赵泉鸿, 汪品先, 1988.中国浅海现代介形虫的数量与属种分布.海洋与湖沼, 19(6):553-561. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-HYFZ198806006.htm -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(9)
计量
- 文章访问数: 648
- HTML全文浏览量: 162
- PDF下载量: 48
- 被引次数: 0
