Geochronology and Geochemistry of Paleoproterozoic Granites in Xinyang Area: Implications for Crustal Evolution of Southern North China Craton
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摘要: 华北克拉通南缘古元古代发育有多期次的岩浆活动和变质事件，记录了南缘基底和构造演化过程，但古元古代中-晚期的岩浆记录却相对较少.对华北南缘信阳地区古元古代中-晚期花岗岩进行了详细的岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Lu-Hf同位素研究.信阳地区花岗岩主要包括潘庄钾长花岗岩和陈庄黑云钾长花岗岩，其岩浆锆石结晶年龄分别为1 868 Ma和1 955 Ma，即形成于古元古代中-晚期.所有的岩石样品具有高SiO2、富碱、低CaO、P2O5、MgO等特征，且A/CNK介于1.12~1.28，属过铝质岩石.同时它们富集LILEs（如Rb、Th和K），贫HFSEs（如Nb、Ta和Ti）、亏损Sr、P等元素，并具有中等-弱的负Eu异常.此外，潘庄岩体和陈庄岩体整体具有相似的锆石εHf（t）值（-0.6~+2.6），两阶段Hf模式年龄（Tcrust）范围为2.40~2.64 Ga.表明信阳地区太古代末-古元古代早期地壳在古元古代中-晚期经历了强烈的改造.结合华北克拉通南缘的岩浆活动和变质事件记录，认为信阳地区花岗岩的形成可能与华北东、西陆块的碰撞有关，且该区频繁的古元古代岩浆活动（2.24~1.85 Ga）可能是东、西陆块间古大洋及西部陆块东向俯冲的结果.Abstract: The multistage magmatism and metamorphism in the Paleoproterozoic of the southern North China craton (NCC) have recorded the basement and tectonic evolution of the southern NCC. However, the magmatism in Middle-Late Paleoproterozoic were rarely reported. In this paper, it presents a detailed study of petrology, geochemistry, zircon U-Pb geochronology and Lu-Hf isotope for the Middle-Late Paleoproterozoic granites in the Xinyang area of southern NCC. They include the Panzhuang K-feldspar granite and Chenzhuang biotite K-feldspar granite. The magmatic zircons from them yield the crystallization ages of 1 868 Ma and 1 955 Ma, respectively, indicating that they formed in the Middle-Late Paleoproterozoic. All the studied granites have high SiO2, and total alkaline, but low CaO, P2O5 and MgO contents. Their A/CNK values range from 1.12 to 1.28, suggesting that they are peraluminous rocks. Meanwhile, they show enrichment of LILEs (e.g. Rb, Th and K) but depletion of HFSEs (e.g. Nb, Ta and Ti), Sr and P with moderate to weak negative Eu anomalies. Moreover, the Panzhuang and Chenzhuang plutons have similar zircon εHf(t) values (-0.6-+2.6), with the two-stage Hf model ages (Tcrust) ranging in 2.40-2.64 Ga. All of these evidences indicate that the Late Archean to Early Paleoproterozoic crust in the Xinyang area were strongly modified in Middle-Late Paleoproterozoic. Combined with the records of magmatism and metamorphic events in the southern margin of the NCC, it is suggested that the formation of the granites in the Xinyang area may be related to the collision between the eastern and western blocks of NCC. Furthermore, the frequent Paleoproterozoic magmatic activities (2.24-1.85 Ga) in this area probably resulted from an eastward-directed subduction of an ancient ocean between the eastern and western blocks, and the western block.
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Key words:
- granite /
- Paleoproterozoic /
- crustal evolution /
- collision /
- southern North China craton /
- petrology
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图 1 华北克拉通构造划分及前寒武基底岩石分布简图
Fig. 1. Tectonic subdivision of the North China craton and its Precambrian basements
图 2 华北南缘信阳潘庄岩体和陈庄岩体地质简图
1.中生代变辉长岩；2.中生代中粒黑云母花岗岩；3.潘庄岩体；4.陈庄岩体；5.下元古界刘庄组中段黑绿色角闪片岩；6.下元古界刘庄组上段片岩、片麻岩；7.下元古界银洞沟组中段白云石英片岩；8.下元古界迴龙寺组下段暗绿色角闪片岩；9.下元古界迴龙寺组上段褐黄色石榴二云石英片岩；10.第四系沉积物；11.石英脉；12.断层；13.顺层滑脱带；14.火山口；15.采样点；底图据河南省地质局北京地质学院豫南区测队，1959.河南省桐柏幅1:20万区域地质测量
Fig. 2. Simplified geological map of the Panzhuang and Chenzhuang plutons in the Xinyang area, southern North China craton
图 3 信阳潘庄岩体和陈庄岩体野外露头和镜下显微照片
a.潘庄岩体野外露头；b.陈庄岩体野外露头；c.潘庄岩体镜下特征(正交偏光镜)；d.陈庄岩体镜下特征(正交偏光镜).图中矿物代号：Q.石英；Kf.钾长石；Bi.黑云母；Pl.斜长石
Fig. 3. Outcrop photographs and photomicrographs of the Panzhuang and Chenzhuang plutons in the Xinyang area
图 4 信阳地区潘庄岩体和陈庄岩体主量元素判别图解
a. TAS判别图解，据Middlemost(1994)；b. A/NK⁃A/CNK判别图解，据Peccerillo and Taylor(1976)
Fig. 4. Major element discrimination diagrams for the Panzhuang and Chenzhuang plutons in the Xinyang area
图 5 信阳地区潘庄岩体和陈庄岩体原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图(a)和球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式图(b)，原始地幔和球粒陨石标准化值引自Sun and McDonough(1989)
Fig. 5. Primitive mantle⁃normalized trace element spider diagram(a) and chondrite⁃normalized REE distribution pattern(b) of the Panzhuang and Chenzhuang plutons in the Xinyang area(after Sun and McDonough, 1989)
图 6 信阳潘庄岩体和陈庄岩体锆石CL图像及U⁃Pb年龄谐和图
实线圈为U⁃Pb测年点，虚线圈为Hf同位素测试点
Fig. 6. Typical CL images and U⁃Pb concordia diagrams of zircons from the Panzhuang and Chenzhuang plutons in the Xinyang area
图 7 信阳潘庄岩体和陈庄岩体La/Sm⁃La图(a)和(La/Yb)N⁃La图(b)
Fig. 7. The La/Sm⁃La (a) and (La/Yb)N vs. La (b) plots for the Panzhuang and Chenzhuang plutons in the Xinyang area
图 8 华北南缘太古代-古元古代岩石锆石εHf(t)⁃年龄图
潘庄岩体和陈庄岩体数据来自本文，信阳麻粒岩包体数据引自Ping et al.(2015)和Zheng et al.(2004)，太华杂岩数据引自Chen et al.(2016)，Diwu et al.(2014)，Huang et al.(2012, 2013)，Liu et al.(2009)，Wang et al.(2019b)，Yu et al.(2013)和贾晓亮(2016); 登封杂岩数据引自Diwu et al.(2011)，Huang et al.(2013)和Zhang et al.(2013); 华北南缘花岗岩数据引自Cui et al.(2013)，Zhao and Zhou(2009)，邓小芹等(2015)，贾晓亮(2016)和师江朋等(2017)，熊耳群火山岩数据引自Wang et al.(2010, 2016, 2019a)
Fig. 8. The εHf(t) vs. age diagrams for zircons from the Archean⁃Paleoproterozoic rocks in the southern of NCC
图 9 信阳地区古元古代年龄记录
矩形区域代表年龄误差范围；15PZ⁃1和18CZ⁃3数据来自本文，其余数据引自Ma et al.(2019)，Ping et al.(2015, 2018)和Zheng et al.(2004)
Fig. 9. The Paleoproterozoic age records of zircons from the rocks in the Xinyang area
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