Characteristics of Oil Reservoiring and Its Relationship with Pressure Evolution of Shahejie Formation in Pucheng Area
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摘要: 目前对濮城地区沙河街组一至四段的成藏整体研究仍存在空白.利用流体包裹体系统分析方法，结合原油实测数据对东濮凹陷濮城地区沙河街组的成藏特征进行研究.结果表明总体上多套烃源岩联合供烃控制着濮城地区沙河街组原油成熟度的垂向分布，压力演化作为成藏的驱动因素与各期成藏耦合完好.濮城地区沙河街组原油存在三期成藏：第一期约30.9~25.3 Ma；第二期约22.3~14.8 Ma；第三期约3.2~1.4 Ma.垂向上巨厚的烃源岩同一时期生成不同成熟度的原油，此外，同一层位烃源岩随时间推移依次生成低熟、成熟、高熟油，使得濮城地区沙河街组各段均存在不同成熟度原油同期成藏的特征.古压力模拟结果表明第一期成藏为超压驱动，第二期成藏为泄压驱动，第三期成藏兼具前两期的特点.Abstract: The whole Shahejie Formation has not been treated as one target for reservoiring research. So in this study, fluid inclusion systematic analysis conducted on samples from Shahejie Formation in Pucheng area, Dongpu depression, combined with the crude oil data, indicates that the vertical distribution of oil maturity is under control of petroleum generation of multiple sets of source rocks. The pressure evolution process considered to be a driving factor was in agreement with the reservoiring stages. Three reservoiring stages were identified in Pucheng area: the first was from 30.9-25.3 Ma, the second was from 22.3-14.8 Ma, the third was from 3.2-1.4 Ma. The source rocks with huge vertical thickness produced crude oil with different maturities at the same time. Moreover, different maturities of oil were generated from the same set of source rock over time, which made the Shahejie Formation in Pucheng area had characteristics of simultaneous reservoiring of crude oil with different maturity. The results of paleopressure simulation show that the first stage was driven by overpressure, the second stage was driven by pressure relief and the third stage had the combined features of the former two stages.
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图 1 东濮凹陷北部濮城地区构造位置图及研究井位图
Fig. 1. Structural location of Pucheng area in the northern Dongpu depression and that of studied wells
图 2 濮城地区沙河街组油包裹体λmax和QF535关系
Fig. 2. Relationship between peak wave length (λmax) and QF535 of micro-beam fluorescent spectrum of single oil inclusion in the Shahejie Formation in Pucheng area
图 3 东濮凹陷濮城地区典型油包裹体显微照片
a，b.濮3-227井，Esh21，埋深2 447.00 m，硬石膏晶粒中橙色荧光油包裹体；c，d.濮6-65井，Esh41，埋深3 764.07 m，穿石英颗粒裂纹中黄色荧光油包裹体；e，f.濮6-65井，Esh41，埋深3 665.10 m，穿石英颗粒裂纹中绿色荧光和蓝色荧光油包裹体；g，h.濮3-227井，Esh21，埋深2 447.00 m，穿石英颗粒裂纹中蓝色荧光油包裹体
Fig. 3. Typical micrographs showing fluid inclusions in Pucheng area of Dongpu depression
图 4 濮城地区沙河街组不同深度包裹体均一温度分布直方图
a.埋深2 447 m，b.埋深2 868~2 870 m，c.埋深3 568~3 666 m，d.埋深3 372 m，e.埋深3 038~3 092 m.其中，橙色荧光油包裹体及其同期盐水包裹体为硬石膏胶结物中，黄色、绿色、蓝色荧光油包裹体及其同期盐水包裹体均为穿颗粒裂纹中
Fig. 4. Homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions of different depths in Shahejie Formation in Pucheng area
图 6 濮城地区埋藏史及沙河街组油气充注时间确定
Fig. 6. Burial history and definition of oil charging time of the Shahejie Formation in Pucheng area
图 5 油包裹体激光共聚焦沿z轴切片及三维重建
1~6.沿z轴30张切片中的6张；a.透射光下的油包裹体平面形态；b.三维重建后的油包裹体空间形态
Fig. 5. Laser confocal cutting slides along z-axis and 3D reconstruction of oil inclusion
表 1 各类油包裹体λmax与QF535的相应范围
Table 1. Corresponding ranges of λmax and QF535 of each type of oil inclusions
荧光颜色 橙色 黄色 绿色 蓝色 λmax(nm) 612~617 563~580 528~550 477~495 QF535 1.96~2.25 1.78~1.97 0.91~1.62 0.81~0.93 
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表 2 濮城地区沙河街组油包裹体最小捕获压力模拟
Table 2. Simulation of the lowest trapping pressure of oil inclusions in Shahejie Formation in Pucheng area
井号 今埋深(m) 捕获年龄(Ma) λmax(nm) Thoil(℃) Thaqu(℃) 气/液比 捕获压力(MPa) 压力系数 P6-65 3 665.10 27.3 549 96.3 111.3 7.89 25.19 1.14 P6-65 3 666.00 27.9 522 97.4 105.4 9.32 25.08 1.19 P63 3 371.93 14.8 542 115.4 134.2 10.19 30.25 1.21 P77 3 646.88 1.6 548 112.4 128.9 14.93 35.68 1.15 P77 3 622.00 1.4 523 118.4 132.7 14.87 34.85 1.12 P6-65 2 868.08 26.7 617 73.2 80.3 4.99 16.69 1.21 P6-65 2 870.08 27.0 581 67.5 75.1 10.39 16.02 1.17 P6-65 2 870.08 27.0 549 70.4 75.1 4.67 14.9 1.09 P6-65 3 038.00 26.2 555 90.1 94.5 10.57 26.02 1.42 P6-65 3 038.00 26.3 554 94.5 95.2 8.63 20.66 1.38 P6-65 3 091.54 30.3 552 43 67.6 1.3 15.05 1.50 P6-65 3 092.44 30.9 556 46 63.6 1.5 11.15 1.06 P6-65 3 092.44 22.3 555 97.4 100.3 15.23 30.09 1.43 P3-227 2 447.00 2.0 580 99.3 124.8 11.44 35.9 1.13
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