Application of Time-Frequency Analysis Technology in Evaluation of Channel in Ledong Area
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摘要: 随着勘探进程的不断推进，在弱振幅反射特征的地层中寻找有利富含油气部位已成为新趋势.从乐东区已钻井岩石物理特征出发，通过对含气砂岩进行变孔隙度模拟发现，随着含气砂岩孔隙度不断增加，砂岩顶面叠后地震反射能量逐渐减弱，证实乐东区弱振幅也有可能为有利储层的表征；结合沉积韵律建立不同地层组合模型并提取其时频谱发现，时频特征方向性与地层组合有关，并且乐东区水道弱振幅与正旋回地层时频特征类似，水道内弱振幅为大套砂岩概率较大，钻井证实推测，说明该技术方法可靠，为乐东区深层油气勘探及钻探目标优选提供了重要指导.Abstract: With the continuous progress of exploration,it has become a new development trend to find favorable oil and gas reservoir with weak amplitude reflection. In order to confirm the geological significance of weak amplitude reflection,the simulation of variable porosity has been carried out in Ledong (LD) area in this study,revealing the energy of seismic reflection decreases gradually with the increasing of sandstone porosity. It is confirmed in LD area that the weak amplitude may also be a sign of favorable reservoir. Combined with sedimentary rhythm,different models are established and the time-frequency spectrum is extracted. It is found that directionality of time-frequency characteristics is related to sedimentary association of strata,and the weak amplitude of the channel in LD area is similar to the time-frequency characteristics of the positive cyclic strata. There is a high probability that the weak amplitude in the channel is thick sandstone,which is confirmed by the drilling,showing that the technique is reliable. This study provides important guidance for deep oil and gas exploration and drilling target optimization in LD area.
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Key words:
- LD area /
- high p-impedance /
- weak amplitude /
- time-frequency analysis /
- prestack inversion /
- geophysics
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图 2 东方区与乐东区水道地震特征对比
a.东方区；b.乐东区
Fig. 2. Comparison of seismic characteristics between DF and LD channel
图 3 乐东区S-6井黄流组岩石物理分析
Fig. 3. Petrophysical analysis of Huangliu formation of S-6 well in LD area
图 4 乐东区S-6井变孔隙度正演模拟分析
Fig. 4. Forward modeling analysis of variable porosity of S-6 well in LD area
图 5 不同时频分析方法对比分析
a.地质模型；b.地震记录；c. S变换；d.小波变换
Fig. 5. Comparative analysis of different time-frequency analysis methods
图 6 不同地质模型时频谱对应关系
Fig. 6. Time-frequency spectrum correspondence of different geological models
图 9 乐东区黄流组岩石物理交会分析
a. Vp/Vs与伽玛交汇；b.纵波阻抗与孔隙度交汇
Fig. 9. Rock physical intersection analysis of Huangliu formation in LD area
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