Transcrustal Magmatic System of Early Cretaceous (Qingshan Stage) in Eastern Shandong and the Basin Formation Related to "Thermal Upwelling-Detachment"
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摘要: 穿地壳岩浆系统模型是近年新提出的一个全新的岩浆系统概念.聚焦山东东部早白垩世青山期穿地壳岩浆系统,在野外地质踏勘的基础上,结合火成岩年代学、断裂体系分布、大地构造学与地球化学的相关研究成果,系统探讨了不同性质火山岩浆的时空演化与分布特征.首先,在时间序列上,早白垩世青山期穿地壳岩浆系统,表现为酸性岩浆侵位-基性岩浆侵入-中性岩浆喷发的特征;其次,在不同的地壳深度,穿地壳岩浆系统有不同的表现,由深到浅,呈现岩基/岩株-岩脉岩墙-火山机构的变化;空间分布上,酸性岩体多位于古隆起区,火山机构沿深大断裂呈现串珠状分布.穿地壳岩浆系统的发育特征指示了青山期岩石圈的构造特征:岩体自身近E-W向展布,说明岩体侵入时的中上地壳的断裂体系主要为近E-W向,而岩体整体上沿着NE-SW向分布,说明了更深部断裂体系主要为NE-SW向,控制了整个区域构造的发育.早白垩世早期(莱阳期)区域发育的浅层构造断裂系统为早白垩世晚期(青山期)的穿地壳岩浆系统的发育提供了通道.早白垩世青山期穿地壳岩浆系统的发育伴随着区域热隆-伸展-滑脱作用,在此过程中山东东部青山期盆地格局形成.花岗岩抬升速率初步计算的结果表明山东东部地区早白垩世青山期的热隆速率略快于2.7~4.1 mm/a,强烈的"热隆-伸展-滑脱"作用是同期沉积盆地形成的主要动力学机制.Abstract: A new conception of magmatic system-transcrustal magmatic system(TMS) has been raised recently. This paper focuses on the TMS of Early Cretaceous (Qingshan stage) in Eastern Shandong. Based on the geological field work and the research results of igneous chronology, distribution of fault system, tectonics and geochemistry, we discuss the temporal and spatial evolution and distribution characteristics of different volcanic magmatism. Firstly, the TMS varies from silicic magmatic emplacement to basic magmatic intrusion and then to medium magmatic eruption. Secondly, the TMS owes different behaviors at different depths of crust:from deep to shallow, TMS behaves in the sequence of Batholith/Stock-Intrusions/Dike-volcanic edifice. Thirdly, the silicic batholith/stock is mainly distributed in old uplift zone, while the volcanic edifice is mainly distributed along the deep fault. The development of TMS indicates the structure characteristics of lithosphere in Qingshan stage:The nearly E-W distribution of the stock itself shows the fault system in upper crust is nearly E-W when the magma flows upward. While the distribution of all the batholiths/stocks is in the direction of NE-SW, indicating that the deep fault system is in the direction of NE-SW, which controls the regional tectonic evolution. In Early Cretaceous, the shallow fault system developed in Laiyang stage provided the channel for the TMS developed in Qingshan stage. In the development period of TMS, there was strong "thermal-upwelling, stretching and detachment" effect, which resulted in the basin framework in Qingshan stage. The calculated rate of granite uplift related to thermal-upwelling is slightly faster than 2.47-3.7 mm/a. The intense "thermal-upwelling, stretching and detachment" effect is the main dynamic mechanism of basin formation in Qingshan stage.
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Key words:
- eastern Shandong /
- Cretaceous /
- transcrustal magmatic system /
- basin dynamics /
- petroleum geology
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图 1 山东东部地区及邻区大地构造纲要图
Fig. 1. Tectonic framework of Eastern Shandong Province and its related area
图 2 花岗岩Y+Nb-Rb判别图(a)及10 000Ga/Al-Y判别图(b)
图a图版据Pearce(1996),部分数据据王中亮等(2014); 图b图版据Whalen et al.(1987),部分数据据王中亮等(2014)
Fig. 2. The (Y+Nb)-Rb diagram for discriminating the tectonic setting of granties(a), and 10 000Ga/Al versus Y diagram for discriminating the type of granite (b)
图 3 玄武岩类大地构造环境Th/Hf-Ta/Hf判别图
据Whalen et al.(1987), Wang et al.(2014).Ⅰ.板块发散边缘N-MORB区; Ⅱ.板块汇聚边缘(Ⅱ1.大洋岛弧玄武岩区, Ⅱ2.陆缘岛弧及陆缘火山弧玄武岩区); Ⅲ.大洋板内洋岛、海山玄武岩区及T-MORB、E-MORB区; Ⅳ.大陆板内(Ⅳ1.陆内裂谷及陆缘裂谷拉斑玄武岩区, Ⅳ2.陆内裂谷碱性玄武岩区, Ⅳ3.大陆拉张带(或初始裂谷)玄武岩区); Ⅴ.地幔热柱玄武岩区
Fig. 3. Th/Hf-Ta/Hf identification diagram of tectonic setting of basalts
图 4 胶东青山群基性火山岩εNd(t)-(87Sr/86Sr)t图解(a)和源区混合和地壳混染对岩浆同位素组成的影响(b)
Fig. 4. Sr-Nd isotopic composition of the Qingshan Group mafic rocks in Jiaodong Peninsula (a) and diagram showing mixing models for source (solid line) and melt contamination (dotted line) (b)
图 5 山东东部中生代火成岩分布
Fig. 5. Distribution of Mesozoic igneous rocks in eastern Shandong Province
图 14 山东东部地区晚中生代沉积-构造-岩浆演化序列
Fig. 14. A synthesis of Late Mesozoic tectono-sedimentary magmatic evolution in eastern Shandong Province
表 1 山东东部地区白垩纪火山岩年龄数据
Table 1. Age data of Cretaceous volcanic in eastern Shandong Province
位置 火山岩 年龄(Ma) 误差 参考文献 海阳 玄武质火山岩 115.2 3.9 张岳桥等(2008) 海阳 玄武质火山岩 117.1 0.8 张岳桥等(2008) 海阳 玄武质火山岩 119.2 0.6 张岳桥等(2008) 莒县 玄武质火山岩 111.0 0.8 张岳桥等(2008) 莒县 玄武质火山岩 110.4 1.6 张岳桥等(2008) 莒县 玄武岩 108.0 2.4 唐嘉锋等(2008) 莒县 玄武岩 109.8 1.4 唐嘉锋等(2008) 莒县 安山玢岩 118.1 1.5 唐嘉锋等(2008) 胶州 流纹岩 93.3 1.2 唐嘉锋等(2008) 胶州 玄武安山岩 119.3 0.5 匡永生等(2012) 即墨 玄武安山岩 122.0 1.5 匡永生等(2012) 即墨 玄武安山岩 122.0 1.8 匡永生等(2012) 青岛 橄榄玄武岩 114.9 0.6 匡永生等(2012) 海阳 玄武安山岩 113.0 1.3 匡永生等(2012) 胶州 流纹岩 106.0 2.0 凌文黎等(2006) 胶州 流纹岩 105.0 4.0 凌文黎等(2006) 胶州 英安岩 98.0 1.0 凌文黎等(2006) 诸城 粗面玄武岩 76.2 1.6 孟繁聪等(2006) 胶州 碱性玄武岩 71.9 1.5 孟繁聪等(2006) 灵山岛 流纹岩 123.9 1.6 Wang et al.(2014) 灵山岛 流纹岩 119.2 2.2 周瑶琪等(2015) 表 2 山东东部地区中酸性侵入岩年龄
Table 2. Age data of intermediate-acid intrusive rock in Eastern Shandong Province
位置 火山岩 年龄(Ma) 误差 参考文献 五莲 花岗岩 125.5 2.2 Gu et al.(2013) 崂山 花岗岩 125.1 3.1 Gu et al.(2013) 崂山 花岗岩 122.4 2.1 Gu et al.(2013) 大店 花岗岩 123.0 4.0 周建波等(2003) 马耳山 花岗岩 115.0 1.0 周建波等(2003) 崂山 花岗岩 126.2 0.8 赵广涛等(1997) 崂山 花岗岩 113.0 0.9 赵广涛等(1997) 崂山 花岗岩 110.8 0.9 赵广涛等(1997) 崂山 花岗岩 120.0 2.4 Zhao et al.(1997) 崂山 花岗岩 106.6 2.1 Zhao et al.(1997) 莒南 石英二长岩 123.2 1.8 Liu et al.(2008) 胶村 石英二长岩 120.3 2.1 Liu et al.(2008) 五莲 花岗岩 125.0 1.1 Liu et al.(2008) 大店 花岗岩 118.0. 2.0 Liu et al.(2008) 七宝山 花岗岩 121.0 3.0 Liu et al.(2008) 七宝山 花岗岩 125.0 4.0 Huang et al.(2006) 五莲 花岗岩 118.0 2.0 Huang et al.(2006) 崂山 二长花岗岩 126.2 0.9 赵广涛等(1997) 崂山 正长花岗岩 113.0. 0.8 赵广涛等(1997) 崂山 碱性花岗岩 110.8 0.8 赵广涛等(1997) 三佛山 二长花岗岩 118.0 1.0 Goss et al.(2010) 三佛山 正长花岗岩 117.0 1.0 Goss et al.(2010) 崂山 碱性花岗岩 115.0 2.0 Goss et al.(2010) 海阳 碱长花岗岩 116.8 1.7 Li et al.(2014) 海阳 正长岩 115.8 2.2 Li et al.(2014) 表 3 山东东部地区中基性岩墙、岩脉侵入体年龄
Table 3. Age data of intermediate-basic dyke and dike Intrusion in Eastern Shandong Province
位置 火山岩 年龄(Ma) 误差 参考文献 海阳 玄武岩脉 116.8 0.7 张岳桥等(2008) 海阳 玄武岩脉 106.7 0.9 张岳桥等(2008) 海阳 玄武岩脉 110.6 1.0 张岳桥等(2008) 劈石口 基性岩脉 85.8 1.5 Zhang et al.(2000) 劈石口 基性岩脉 77.0 1.7 Zhang et al.(2000) 莒县 辉石闪长岩 118.2 2.5 唐嘉锋等(2008) 丁字湾桥头 煌斑岩 124.1 3.3 张振凯(2017) 坪山 辉绿岩 118.7 0.3 Liu et al.(2012) 坪山 辉绿岩 122.4 0.2 Liu et al.(2012) 表 4 小珠山地区花岗岩测年结果分析
Table 4. Analytical results of dating granites in Xiaozhushan area
点号 10(-6) 同位素值 年龄(Ma) Pb Th U Th/U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 208Pb/232Th 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 1 232.476 4 494.358 2 719.542 1.652 616 0.110 288 511 0.006 757 0.268 530 839 0.015 529 0.018 043 399 0.000 368 0.006 903 771 0.000 270 1805.555 116.823 241.518 414 9 12.431 141 930 115.278 317 4 2.331 218 2 97.407 2 473.304 1 461.504 1.692 300 0.062 163 623 0.003 875 0.156 412 502 0.009 431 0.018 055 103 0.000354 0.005 608 419 0.000 192 679.640 135.168 147.558 046 7 8.281 559 816 115.352 427 6 2.243 723 3 61.338 1 421.012 476.986 2.979 148 0.134 942 401 0.019 759 0.326 216 204 0.044 772 0.018 579 221 0.000 566 0.006 313 828 0.000 264 2164.810 257.563 286.673 024 3 34.278 812 250 118.670 335 5 3.5854 46 4 171.859 4 199.947 2 610.171 1.609 07 0.060 489 297 0.002 830 0.155 252 233 0.007 042 0.018 657 366 0.000 355 0.005 842 608 0.000 184 620.390 101.838 146.538 766 3 6.189 866 258 119.164 883 9 2.249 874 5 40.952 1 080.925 432.265 2.500 606 0.059 543 543 0.006 097 0.142 820 717 0.012 330 0.018 722 075 0.000 509 0.005 607 498 0.000 229 587.065 224.048 135.553 149 9 10.955 327 370 119.574 367 0 3.220 571 6 198.479 4 040.864 2 409.400 1.677 125 0.092 148 870 0.004 138 0.238 619 839 0.010 755 0.018 723 494 0.000403 0.006 793 142 0.000 248 1472.225 85.188 217.289 665 2 8.818 130 991 119.583 351 5 2.548 047 7 118.317 2 065.036 833.371 2.477 931 0.073 938 939 0.005 572 0.193 296 411 0.014 468 0.018 814 877 0.000 450 0.006 002 864 0.000 238 1039.820 152.625 179.438 057 5 12.311 606 410 120.161 591 9 2.848 027 8 118.490 2 750.720 1 867.394 1.473 026 0.093 509 450 0.009 986 0.272 003 613 0.03588 0.018 863 441 0.000 445 0.011 534 168 0.001 235 1498.150 203.398 244.294 365 1 28.641 957 410 120.468 863 4 2.818 296 9 44.263 1 002.633 743.084 1.349 286 0.057 459 938 0.005 428 0.143 388 088 0.012 101 0.019 079 738 0.000 508 0.006 079 268 0.000 261 509.300 209.233 136.057 127 4 10.746 814 540 121.837 242 0 3.211 717 10 44.443 993.434 648.002 1.533 073 0.053 887 930 0.004 827 0.136 902 467 0.010 852 0.019 127 738 0.000 533 0.006 389 380 0.000 282 364.870 208.3075 130.281 190 5 9.692 525 695 122.140 870 2 3.375 176 11 23.817 586.140 285.778 2.051 03 0.052 112 643 0.007 397 0.131154164 0.018 579 0.019 201 065 0.000 710 0.006 043 162 0.000 313 300.060 287.005 125.134 279 7 16.677 360 150 122.604 677 3 4.488 094 12 68.461 1 619.421 1 215.445 1.332 368 0.055 619 698 0.003 659 0.149 309 883 0.009 285 0.019 338 077 0.000 453 0.006001235 0.000 245 438.935 146.283 141.302 39 14 8.203 342 481 123.471 219 4 2.865 561 13 38.52586 852.252 436.460 1.952 647 0.080 007 241 0.007 818 0.192 376 555 0.015 431 0.019363757 0.000 709 0.006 165 755 0.000 265 1198.150 199.075 178.655 044 9 13.141 384 570 123.633 616 6 4.483 258 14 35.83448 779.691 571.345 1.364 659 0.072 758 949 0.012 415 0.164 047 729 0.013 403 0.019448864 0.000 648 0.006 099 666 0.000 313 1007.100 351.843 154.240 090 3 11.691 774 530 124.171 809 8 4.096 862 15 143.6136 2 926.315 1 689.059 1.732 512 0.084726838 0.004 688 0.222562894 0.011 298 0.019 563 391 0.000 424 0.006 772 729 0.000 217 1309.260 107.405 204.040 602 9 9.384 093 244 124.895 974 0 2.680 293 16 92.994 2 026.637 1 241.489 1.632 424 0.062 216 100 0.003 824 0.164 717 889 0.009 431 0.019 610 965 0.000 433 0.006 747 057 0.000 234 683.345 131.465 154.824 493 7 8.222 495 023 125.196 759 5 2.736 527 17 76.390 1 881.028 807.592 2.329 181 0.060 760 481 0.004 773 0.157 406 384 0.011 285 0.019 618 976 0.000 438 0.006246561 0.000 238 631.500 170.348 148.430 345 7 9.900 750 910 125.2474134 2.770 315 18 36.774 799.880 620.791 1.288 486 0.061 618 937 0.006 113 0.172 928 050 0.024 667 0.019 843 469 0.000 564 0.006762512 0.000 340 661.125 214.788 161.956 875 7 21.354 382 080 126.6665818 3.566 376 19 245.119 5365.259 3987.021 1.345 681 0.074 287 956 0.003 440 0.208 062 157 0.010 269 0.019 965 681 0.000 388 0.007 461 798 0.000 282 1050.005 93.060 191.925 219 9 8.632 018 236 127.439 034 2 2.450 404 20 89.481 2185.660 1151.384 1.898 290 0.048 636 935 0.0037 77 0.132 665 312 0.009 221 0.020 144 725 0.000 498 0.006 153 623 0.0002 58 131.570 170.340 126.489 860 3 8.266 792 340 128.570 534 0 3.148 438 21 103.004 1965.620 1302.342 1.509 296 0.071 662 240 0.004 406 0.196 021 546 0.011 357 0.020 156 194 0.000 438 0.007 330 644 0.000 294 975.930 121.300 181.754 247 2 9.642 597 748 128.643 009 5 2.766 144 22 48.901 735.520 527.806 1.393 542 0.147 223 234 0.012 121 0.398 746 586 0.029 935 0.020 423 361 0.000 662 0.008 904 393 0.000 433 2313.890 142.438 340.738 731 8 21.731 977 530 130.331 032 2 4.184 676 23 50.095 1164.744 577.939 2.015 342 0.068 827 742 0.009 837 0.192 139 456 0.026 870 0.020 636 927 0.000 628 0.007 128 667 0.000 362 894.445 298.135 178.453 120 2 22.886 216 710 131.680 068 2 3.969 400 -
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