上扬子盆地新生代差异抬升剥蚀与分异过程

姜磊; 邓宾; 刘树根; 王自剑; 周政; 罗强; 何宇; 赖冬

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2018.597

上扬子盆地新生代差异抬升剥蚀与分异过程

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.597

姜磊^1,,
邓宾^1,2, ,,
刘树根¹,
王自剑¹,
周政¹,
罗强¹,
何宇¹,
赖冬¹

1.
成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室, 四川成都 610059
2.
圣三一学院地质系, 爱尔兰都柏林

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 2017JQ0025

国家自然科学基金项目 41572111

国家自然科学基金项目 41402119

详细信息

作者简介:
姜磊(1981-), 男, 博士研究生, 主要从事页岩气地质、构造地质研究

通讯作者:
邓宾

中图分类号: P542
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-02-11
- 刊出日期: 2018-06-15

Differential Uplift and Fragmentation of Upper Yangtze Basin in Cenozoic

Jiang Lei^1
,,
Deng Bin^{1,2
, ,},
Liu Shugen¹,
Wang Zijian¹,
Zhou Zheng¹,
Luo Qiang¹,
He Yu¹,
Lai Dong¹

1.
State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
2.
Department of Geology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland

摘要

摘要: 中-新生代上扬子陆相盆地不仅是华南大陆的核心构造单元，也是大陆构造和盆地成因演化研究的天然实验室.基于楚雄盆地和四川盆地晚白垩世地层剖面中6件样品LA-ICP-MS磷灰石FT-U/Pb双法定年和热演化史模拟等研究，揭示上扬子盆地新生代差异抬升剥蚀及其分异过程.楚雄盆地大姚宜就剖面江底河组磷灰石裂变径迹（apatite fission track，AFT）年龄和径迹长度分别为43.2~33.9 Ma、10.06~11.30 μm，中新世以来快速抬升冷却速率达到约3~5 ℃/Ma；四川盆地宜宾柳嘉剖面三合组-高坎坝组AFT年龄和径迹长度分别为128.0~95.2 Ma、10.2~11.7 μm，为部分埋深退火样品.宜就剖面和柳嘉剖面上白垩统磷灰石U-Pb年龄峰值特征总体相似，共同揭示物源区古元古代（2 100~1 700 Ma）、新元古代（820~700 Ma）、早古生代（500~400 Ma）和早中生代（250~170 Ma）中高级别变质-岩浆构造热事件，其晚白垩世物源区主要为扬子板块西缘和北缘地区（即松潘-甘孜褶皱带、义敦岛弧、康滇古陆和秦岭造山带）.尤其柳嘉剖面磷灰石FT-U/Pb对比年龄揭示三合组-高坎坝组中少量磷灰石矿物为物源区晚三叠世-晚白垩世快速岩浆侵位过程的初始旋回沉积产物.晚新生代上扬子盆地受控于青藏高原东南向扩展生长过程控制影响，最终发生肢解分异形成现今盆地格架.
- 磷灰石FT-U/Pb双法定年 /
- 差异隆升 /
- 盆地分异 /
- 四川盆地 /
- 楚雄盆地 /
- 构造 /
- 石油地质
Abstract: The Meso-Cenozoic Upper Yangtze continental basin is not only the core tectonic unit of the South China continent, but also a natural laboratory for the study of continental tectonics and basin genetic evolution. Based on LA-ICP-MS apatite FT-U/Pb double dating and thermal evolution history simulation of 6 samples in the Cretaceous stratigraphic Section of Chuxiong basin and Sichuan basin, this paper reveals the differential uplift and denudation and differentiation process of the Upper Yangtze basin. The AFT(apatite fission track) ages and track length of Jiangdihe Formation in the Yijiu Section of Dayao County in Chuxiong basin are dominated with 43.2-33.9 Ma and 10.06-11.30 μm, respectively. The thermal models suggest a rapid cooling occurred in Miocene with rates of 3-5 ℃/Ma. Whilst the AFT ages and track length in the Liujia Section of Yibin County in Sichuan basin are dominated with 128.0-95.2 Ma and 10.2-11.7 μm, as a result of partial reset. Furthermore, the apatite U-Pb ages are consistent between the Yijiu and Liujia sections, characterized with peak-ages of 2 100-1 700 Ma, 820-700 Ma, 500-400 Ma, and 250-170 Ma, which indicates the Upper Yangtze basin had provenances from the Songpan-Ganzi flysch, Yidun arc, Kangdian paleo-uplift and Qinling orogen in Late Cretaceous. In particular, the contrast of apatite FT-U/Pb reveals that a few of apatite minerals from Sanhe-Gaokanba Formation stemmed from a first-cycle deposit of provenance with rapid cooling of granites during Late Triassic to Cretaceous. In the end, the Upper Yangtze basin has been dispersed and fragmented with a rapid cooling and uplift in Miocene, and then forms the current basin framework, as a result of southeastward growth of Tibetan plateau.
- apatite FT-U/Pb double-dating /
- differential uplift /
- basin fragment /
- Sichuan basin /
- Chuxiong basin /
- tectonics /
- petroleum geology

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图 1 上扬子盆地造简图及典型剖面位置

Fig. 1. Geological and geographic map of Upper Yangtze basin, and location of transects

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图 2 上扬子盆地沉积地层对比及样品采集层位简图

Fig. 2. Stratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous and Cenozoic across the Upper Yangtze basin, and location of sample

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图 3 上扬子盆地上白垩统—新生界典型露头沉积特征

a.宜就剖面上白垩统江底河组下部河流相沉积特征，河道滞留沉积定向砾石统计揭示古水流向为北西—南东向；b.宜就剖面浅湖相江底河组三段典型虫迹特征；c.柳嘉剖面上白垩统三合组河流相沉积特征，河道滞留沉积砾石倾向统计揭示古水流方向为北西—南东向；d.柳嘉剖面上白垩统高坎坝组中部河流相沉积特征，河道滞留沉积砾石倾向统计揭示古水流方向为近南北向；e.宜就剖面古近系赵家店组浅湖相沉积特征及其斜层理，古水流方向为近北-南方向流向；f.柳嘉剖面古近系柳嘉组风成砂槽状交错层理，前积层倾向统计揭示古风向为北西—南东向

Fig. 3. Field photographs of lithofacies of Upper Cretaceous and Cenozoic in the Upper Yangtze basin

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图 4 上扬子盆地磷灰石FT-U/Pb双法定年样品雷达图与峰值年龄

Fig. 4. Radial plots showing results of apatite fission-track (AFT) and U-Pb double dating analyses in the Upper Yangtze basin

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图 5 上扬子盆地磷灰石FT-U/Pb双法定年年龄相关图

Fig. 5. Correlation diagrams of apatite fission-track and U-Pb ages for double-dated grains in the Upper Yangtze basin

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图 6 上扬子盆地磷灰石AFT热演化史模拟

图中实测径迹长度分布显示为直方图，最佳模拟曲线叠于其上.最佳热历史由实线表示，实线两侧的紫色区为拟合度大于50%，可信度较高.T-t(时间—温度)带，绿色区为可信度较高的T-t带.模拟结果均通过径迹分布K-S检验和年龄GOF值验证

Fig. 6. Thermal histories from apatite fission track data in the Upper Yangtze basin

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表 1 上扬子盆地LA-ICP-MS磷灰石裂变径迹年龄测试

Table 1. LA-ICP-MS apatite data in the Upper Yangtze basin

剖面名称	经纬度(°)/ h(m)	样品号	采样层位	单颗粒	N_s	面积 (cm²)	²³⁸U/⁴³Ca	P(χ²) (%)	离散度 (%)	Cl (%)	池年龄值 (Ma)	±1σ (Ma)	MLT (N)	D_par (μm)
	N25.920 734，E101.552601/1 870	S010110	江底河组	27	170	2.60E-04	3.12	0	50%	0.12	43.2	3.4	10.06±1.0 (23)	1.50±0.02
大姚宜就剖面	N25.981 819，E101.522 044/2 100	S123108	江底河组	25	216	2.26E-04	4.81	34	15%	0.36	38.9	2.7	10.49±3.3 (85)	1.69±0.03
	N25.984 177，E101.510 021/1 980	S123103	江底河组	43	426	4.23E-04	11.2	41	0.00	0.31	33.9	1.7	11.3±3.4 (105)	1.77±0.02
	N29.175 868，E104.220 392/405	S040106	高坎坝组	31	358	2.85E-04	2.64	0	28%	0.19	128.0	7.2	10.15±2.9 (53)	2.99±0.03
宜宾柳嘉剖面	N29.213 981，E104.215 773/460	S110106	高坎坝组	37	493	4.99E-04	3.09	2	16%	0.18	105.8	5.2	11.68±2.5 (94)	1.59±0.03
	N29.206 662，E104.198 844/460	S110109	三合组	39	488	4.93E-04	3.66	0	29%	0.17	95.2	4.7	10.60±2.8 (107)	1.57±0.03
注：N_s.统计自发径迹数；面积为磷灰石颗粒统计径迹数的多边形区域面积；²³⁸U/⁴³Ca.ICP-MS剥蚀磷灰石单颗粒总比率；Cl为质量百分含量；MLT和N分别为统计径迹平均长度和径迹数量；Zeta为常量17.02±0.23.

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表 2 磷灰石裂变径迹年龄和U-Pb年龄多峰值年龄统计

Table 2. Peak-ages of apatite fission track and apatite U-Pb ages in the Upper Yangtze basin

剖面名称	样品号	磷灰石AFT年龄统计				磷灰石U-Pb年龄统计
剖面名称	样品号	年龄范围(Ma)	峰值年龄1(Ma)，分布比	峰值年龄2(Ma)，分布比	峰值年龄3(Ma)，分布比	年龄范围(Ma)	峰值年龄1(Ma)，分布比	峰值年龄2(Ma)，分布比	峰值年龄3(Ma)，分布比	峰值年龄4(Ma)，分布比
大姚宜就剖面	S010110	19.1~234.1	37.6，89%	159，11%	--	223~2 052	253，56%	431，17%	693，17%	1 976，9%
	S123108	24.6~77.7	36.7，75%	60，25%	--	190~1 761	228，61%	--	798，34%	1 758，4%
	S123103	17.5~102.9	35.4，100%	--	--	210~2 283	254，49%	500，9%	803，37%	2 169，5%
宜宾柳嘉剖面	S040106	42.6~357.8	--	100，65%	173，35%	75~2 495	221，47%	395，7.6%	708，4.2%	2 023，42%
	S110106	58.6~339.1	77，7%	111，86%	242，7%	126~1 864	179，35%	410，39%	818，17%	1 786，9%
	S110109	51.9~298.4	64，20%	106，75%	255，6%	93~2 292	188，52%	400，21%	741，11%	2 035，9%

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