Two Stages of Cretaceous Granitic Magmatisms and Mo Mineralizations in West Dabie Orogenic Belt
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摘要: 系统总结西大别白垩纪赋钼花岗岩的岩石成因,并结合这些岩体的岩石地球化学特征对西大别钼矿床形成条件进行探讨,对认识西大别钼成矿带的地球化学动力学背景具有重要意义.在白垩纪时期,西大别含钼花岗岩成岩作用与东大别地区相似,可分为早、晚两个阶段.早阶段岩体(早于132 Ma)形成于加厚地壳环境,晚阶段岩体(晚于130 Ma)形成于非加厚地壳环境.这种岩石成因上的差别是导致该地区钼矿成矿条件差异的根本原因.结合钼元素的地球化学属性和中央造山带的演化特征,认为晚古生代时期位于造山带南侧的古秦岭洋可能为地壳中Mo元素在表生风化过程中提供有利的沉积环境,并且在三叠纪时期伴随扬子板块一起俯冲到华北板块之下,富钼沉积物与扬子地壳一起部分熔融形成富钼的岩浆,最终形成西大别白垩纪时期大规模的含钼成岩作用.Abstract: This paper investigates the petrogenesis of the Cretaceous Mo-bearing granites in West Dabie orogenic belt. Utilizing the rock geological chemistry of these granites, the formation condition of the Mo deposits in West Dabie orogen is discussed, which is significant to recognize the geochemical dynamics background of West Dabie Mo metallogenic belt. Similar to the Cretaceous granites in East Dabie orogen, the magmatisms of Mo-bearing granites in West Dabie orogen could be divided into two stages. The early stage was formed under thickened crustal environment, and the late stage was formed under non-thickened crustal environment. This is fundamental reason to decide the differences of the Mo metallization in West Dabie orogen. Combining with the geochemical characteristics of the Mo and the evolutionary process of central orogenic belt, the Qinling paleo-oceanic basin probably offered a favorable environment for the supergene weathering crustal Mo element, and then the Mo enriched sediment was carried by the Yangtze block and subducted underneath the North China block. Together with the Yangtze block, the Mo enriched sediment was partial melted, forming the large-scale Mo-bearing magmatism in West Dabie orogen.
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Key words:
- West Dabie orogen /
- thickened lower crust /
- molybdenum mineralization /
- Cretaceous granite /
- petrology
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图 1 大别造山带钼矿空间分布
据王运等(2009)修改
Fig. 1. Schematic map showing the geology and distribution of the Mo deposits in Dabie orogen
图 2 西大别典型钼矿床成矿岩体稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图
数据来源同表 1,图中各元素含量取岩体的平均值,标准化数据据Sun and McDonough(1989)
Fig. 2. Chondrite-normalized rare earth elemental patterns of the Mo mineralization related stocks in West Dabie orogen
图 3 西大别钼矿成矿岩体La/Yb-Sm/Yb (a)及La/Yb-δEu (b)图解
数据来源同表 1
Fig. 3. La/Yb-Sm/Yb (a)及La/Yb-δEu (b) diagrams of the Mo mineralization related stocks in West Dabie orogen
图 4 西大别钼矿成矿岩体La-La/Sm图解
数据来源同表 1
Fig. 4. La-La/Sm diagram of the Mo mineralization related stocks in West Dabie orogen
图 5 西大别钼矿床成矿岩体SiO2-Mg#图解
数据来源同表 1
Fig. 5. SiO2-Mg# diagram of the Mo mineralization related stocks in West Dabie orogen
图 6 西大别钼矿成矿岩体εNd(t)-(87Sr/86Sr)i (a)及εHf(t)-年龄(b)图解
数据来源同表 1,t=130 Ma
Fig. 6. εNd(t)-(87Sr/86Sr)i (a) and εHf(t)-age (b) diagrams of the Mo mineralization related stocks in West Dabie orogen
图 7 西大别钼矿成矿岩体Re-(La/Yb)N图解
数据来源同表 1
Fig. 7. Re-(La/Yb)N diagram of the Mo mineralization related stocks in West Dabie orogen
图 8 西大别钼矿成矿岩体M-Tzr图解
数据来源同表 1
Fig. 8. M-Tzr diagram of the Mo mineralization related stocks in West Dabie orogen
图 9 西大别钼矿成矿岩体A/CNK-A/NK图解
数据来源同表 1
Fig. 9. A/CNK-A/NK diagram of the Mo mineralization related stocks in West Dabie orogen
表 1 西大别钼矿床及成矿岩体的形成年龄及地球化学特征
Table 1. Ages and geochemical characteristics of the Mo deposits and ore-bearing plutons in West Dabie
矿床 矿床储量(104 t) 赋矿岩体 辉钼矿Re-Os年龄(Ma) 辉钼矿中Re含量(10-6) 成矿岩体锆石U-Pb年龄(Ma) 岩体(La/Yb)N比值 资料来源 早阶段加厚地壳环境 姚冲 4.9 戴咀隐伏岩体(二长花岗岩) 134.9±0.9 21.83~74.80 (43.68) 133.3±1.3 39.87~77.74 (51.95) Chen et al.(2015) 母山 5.89 母山岩体(花岗斑岩) 155.7±5.1 109.3 142.0±1.8 32.13~68.69 (50.41) 李明立(2009) 陡坡 - 灵山岩体(二长花岗岩) 140.5±8.2 32.27 - 30.48~40.08 (35.28) 李明立(2009) 晚阶段非加厚地壳环境 大银尖 2.15 大银尖岩体(二长花岗岩) 124.54±0.67 8.28~54.74 (35.18) 124.9±1.3 6.70~17.5 (11.32) Li et al.(2012) 天目沟 - 天目沟岩体(钾长花岗岩) 121.6±2.0 13.89 - - 杨泽强(2007a) 银山 - 银山岩体(二长花岗岩) 113.1±1.3 15.27~15.65 (15.46) - - 徐晓春等(2009) 汤家坪 23.5 汤家坪岩体(花岗斑岩) 113.1±7.0 4.45~11.94 (7.94) 121.6±466 18.12~23.52 (21.05)
杨泽强(2007b);
魏庆国等(2010)千鹅冲 60 千鹅冲隐伏岩体(黑云母二长花岗岩、花岗斑岩) 129.4±1.5 7.65~27.54 (17.01) 130±2 27.12~32.43 (28.52) Gao et al.(2014) 宝安寨 <5 宝安寨岩体(二长花岗岩) 122.5±2.7 5.69~10.97 (7.80) 123.2±1.1 - Chen et al.(2013) 沙坪沟 220 沙坪沟隐伏岩体(花岗斑岩、二长花岗岩、石英正长岩) 113.6±1.7 2.42~15.65 (8.58) 121.5±1.3~122.51±0.81 16.6~21.7 (19.15) 孟详金等(2012) 注:“-”表示无明确数据;括号中的数据为平均值. -
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