Geochemical Characteristics and Oil-Source Correlation of Paleogene Source Rocks in the South Yellow Sea Basin
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摘要: 南黄海盆地古近系烃源岩生烃潜力及原油来源，目前研究比较薄弱.通过对南部坳陷烃源岩和原油样品的有机地球化学分析，揭示古近系烃源岩和原油地球化学特征，并进行油源对比.结果表明南部坳陷古近系烃源岩主要发育在阜四段和阜二段，有机质丰度中等-好，有机质类型为Ⅱ2-Ⅲ型，有机质为低成熟-成熟阶段.阜四段烃源岩形成于贫氧、较高盐度环境，阜二段烃源岩形成于厌氧、相对低盐度环境.原油的饱和烃含量较高，UCM鼓峰较小，已进入成熟阶段，对比结果显示戴南组原油可能来源于阜四段烃源岩，而阜三段原油可能与阜二段烃源岩有关.Abstract: Researches on the hydrocarbon potential of the source rock in the Paleogene Funing Formation, and origin of the Paleogene crude oil in the southern depression of the South Yellow Sea Basin (SYSB) are relatively weak.Based on the systematically organic geochemical analyses (TOC, Rock-Eval, GC-MS of saturates and aromatics, stable carbon isotope) of the Paleogene core, cuttings, oil sand and crude oil samples, combined with vitrinite reflectance determination, the geochemical characteristics of source rocks and crude oil are revealed, and oil-source correlation is obtained.The results indicate that the Paleogene source rocks in the southern depression mainly deposited in the fourth (E1f4) and second memebers (E1f2) of Funing Formation, with moderate-good organic matter (OM) abundance, type Ⅱ2-Ⅲ kerogen and within low mature-mature stage.Mixed OM sources, dominated by terrestrial OM are observed in E1f4 and E1f2 source rocks, biomarker ratios indicate that E1f4 source rocks were deposited in dysoxic, relatively high salinity condition.Whereas during E1f2 source rocks deposition, anoxic and relatively low salinity condition is prevailed.The Paleogene crude oil contains relatively high saturates content, with small UCM peak, and has entered into the mature stage.Oil-source correlation results indicate that the Dainan crude oil (oil sand extraction) is related to the E1f4 source rocks, whereas E1f3 crude oil may be derived from E1f2 source rocks.
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图 2 南黄海盆地南部坳陷地层综合柱状图
据蔡佳等(2016)；灰色框内为样品采集层位，其中烃源岩主要采集自阜宁组二段和四段，原油采集自阜宁组三段，油砂采集自戴南组一段
Fig. 2. Stratigraphic column of the southern depression in South Yellow Sea Basin
图 3 南部坳陷阜宁组样品有机碳含量与生烃潜量交会图
底图据Peters(1986)
Fig. 3. Cross-plot of TOC and S1+S2 for the E1f samples in southern depression
图 4 南部坳陷阜宁组样品氢指数与最大热解峰温交会图
底图据Landford and Blanc-Valleron(1990)
Fig. 4. Cross-plot of HI and Tmax for the E1f samples in southern depression
图 5 南部坳陷阜宁组烃源岩饱和烃总离子流图和甾烷、藿烷质量色谱图
Fig. 5. TIC and mass chromatograms of Funing source rocks from southern depression
图 6 南部坳陷戴南组油砂与阜宁组原油饱和烃总离子流图和甾烷、藿烷质量色谱图
Fig. 6. TIC and mass chromatograms of Dainan oil sand and Funing crude oil from southern depression
图 7 南部坳陷古近系源岩、油砂和原油的稳定碳同位素组成
Fig. 7. Stable carbon isotopic composition of Paleocene source rock, oil sand and crude oil from southern depression
表 1 南黄海盆地南部坳陷阜宁组烃源岩地化分析统计
Table 1. Geochemical data of Funing source rocks in the southern depression, South Yellow Sea Basin
地化参数 层位 南二凹 南四凹 南五凹 南七凹 TOC
(%)阜四段 0.51~1.35(0.86；n=12) 0.45~5.34(1.95；n=24) 0.93~3.56(1.80；n=16) 3.45(n=1) 阜二段 — — 1.14~4.25(2.19；n=37) 0.98~5.10(2.46；n=8) S1+S2
(mg/g)阜四段 0.34~3.42(1.59；n=12) 0.17~12.21(3.53；n=24) 1.04~3.91(1.91；n=16) 2.10(n=1) 阜二段 — — 0.58~5.98(2.04；n=37) 0.86~12.35(4.09；n=8) HI
(mg/g TOC)阜四段 54~264(162；n=12) 33~340(146；n=24) 68~173(100；n=16) 59(n=1) 阜二段 — — 35~145(89；n=37) 45~357(140；n=8) Ro
(%)阜四段 0.69~1.06(0.88；n=9) 0.63~0.76(0.69；n=12) 0.46~0.53(0.50；n=4) 0.91~1.03(0.97；n=4) 阜二段 — — 0.52~0.68(0.57；n=17) 0.99~1.07(1.03；n=6) Tmax
(℃)阜四段 435~439(438；n=12) 434~446(439；n=24) 432~438(435；n=16) 436(n=1) 阜二段 — — 429~438(434；n=37) 426~439(434；n=8) 注：表中数据为最小值-最大值(平均值；n为样品数). 
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