Petrogenesis and Mineralization Chronology Study on the Mo Deposit of the Haisugou Intrusive Mass, Inner Mongolia, and Its Geological Implications
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摘要: 海苏沟岩体位于大兴安岭造山带南段，岩体中发育有海苏沟钼矿床及小井子北铜钼矿床，目前对该岩体的了解还不完善，成因类型存在争议且对两个钼矿床间差异并未进行探讨.对该岩体不同岩相花岗岩开展锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学研究，对矿区内辉钼矿进行Re-Os同位素研究.获得海苏沟钼矿床黑云母花岗岩年龄结果为137.1±0.6 Ma和143.6±0.8 Ma，测得Re-Os模式年龄为143.9±2.9 Ma.小井子北铜钼矿区二长花岗岩年龄为126.5±0.7 Ma.海苏沟岩体中花岗岩均属高钾钙碱性系列Ⅰ型花岗岩，具准铝质-弱过铝质特征，主量元素SiO2含量为68.81%~77.18%，K2O+Na2O含量为6.80%~8.31%，CaO含量为0.43%~2.88%，MgO含量为0.15%~1.32%，A/CNK值介于0.97~1.07.岩石相对富集轻稀土，（La/Yb）N=6.19~10.74，稀土配分呈右倾海鸥型，具有中等铕负异常（δEu=0.37~0.81）.结合已有的研究结果，认为海苏沟岩体演化过程中经历了强烈的分离结晶作用，该岩体黑云母花岗岩与钼矿床的形成密切相关.海苏沟岩体的成岩及钼成矿作用的时间与西拉沐伦成矿带的第3期大规模成岩成矿作用时间相吻合，对应当时的构造背景为构造体系转折（由挤压环境转变为拉伸环境）至岩石圈减薄的环境.Abstract: The Haisugou rock mass is located in the southern part of the Daxing'anling orogenic belt. The Haisugou Mo deposit and the Xiaojingzibei Cu and Mo deposit are found in the intrusive mass. At present,the understanding of the rock mass is insufficient,the genetic type is controversial and the difference between the two molybdenum deposits has not been discussed. In this study,zircon U-Pb geochronology and petro-geochemistry analyses were carried out on different rocky granites in Haisugou rock mass,and Re-Os isotope analyses on molybdenite in the mining area were conducted. The LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results of the biotite granite in the Haisugou molybdenum mining area are 137.1±0.6 Ma and 143.6±0.8 Ma; the Re content of molybdenite in the Haisugou molybdenum deposit is 2.1×10-6,the molybdenite Re-Os model age is 143.9±2.9 Ma. The dating result of LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb of the monzonitic granite in the Xiaojingzibei copper-molybdenum deposit is 126.5±0.7 Ma.The granite in the Haishugou pluton belongs to high-K calc-alkaline series Ⅰ-type granite with metaluminous to weakly peraluminous characteristics. The main elements SiO2 content is 68.81%-77.18%,K2O+Na2O=6.80%-8.31%,CaO content ranges from 0.43% to 2.88%,MgO ranges from 0.15% to 1.32% and aluminum index (A/CNK) value ranges from 0.97 to 1.07. The rocks are relatively enriched in light rare-earth elements (La/Yb)N=6.19-10.74 and the rare earth distribution pattern is right-dipping with a moderate negative Eu anomalies with a δEu value from 0.37 to 0.81. By combining existing research results,It can be considered that the magma evolution experienced magma mixing and the fractional crystallization plays a dominant role. The time of diagenesis and molybdenum metallogenesis of the Haisugou intrusive mass coincides with the time of the third phase of the large-scale diagenesis and mineralization of the Silamulun metallogenic belt,indicating the corresponding tectonic background is the transition of the tectonic system (from the extrusion environment to the tensile environment) to the lithosphere thinning environment.
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图 1 大兴安岭南段及区域构造简图
据刘建明等(2004)修编
Fig. 1. Simplified tectonic map of the southern Da Hinggan Mts and its adjacent area
图 2 研究区区域地质及矿床分布简图
1.第四系上更新统乌尔吉组黄土；2.二叠系上统林西组；3.二叠系中统哲斯组；4.二叠系中统大石寨组；5.白垩纪-二长花岗岩；6.白垩纪-黑云母花岗岩；7.石英脉；8.闪长玢岩脉；9.花岗岩脉；10.辉绿岩脉；11.断裂构造；12.样品位置及编号
Fig. 2. Sketch of regional geology and distribution of deposits in the studied area
图 3 钼矿床地质特征
海苏沟钼矿区：a.细晶岩脉侵入至黑云母花岗岩；b.黑云母花岗岩中的钾化现象；c.成矿岩体中浸染状钼矿化；d.黑云母花岗岩中的暗色微粒包体.小井子北钼矿区：e.暗色微粒包体与寄主岩体呈弥散型接触特征；f.黑云母花岗岩镜下照片(正交偏光). Mol.辉钼矿；Bt.黑云母；Pl.斜长石；Qz.石英；Kf.钾长石
Fig. 3. Geological characteristics of the Mo deposit
图 4 海苏沟岩体黑云母花岗岩(a)及二长花岗岩(b)锆石阴极发光图像
Fig. 4. Representative cathodoluminescence (CL) images of zircons from the biotite granite (a) and monzonitic granite (b) of the Haisugou intrusive mass
图 5 黑云母花岗岩HSGC-3及二长花岗岩XJC-9样品锆石LA-ICP-MC U-Pb年龄谐和图
Fig. 5. The Concordia diagram of LA-ICP-MC U-Pb zircon dating results for HSGC-3 sample from the biotite granite and XJC-9 sample from the monzonitic granite
图 6 海苏沟岩体样品的K2O-SiO2图解、A/CNK-A/NK图解及(Na2O+K2O)-SiO2图解
据Rickwood(1989)、Peccerillo et al.(1976)；前人数据据刘孜等(2017)
Fig. 6. Classification of the Haisugou intrusive mass sample on K2O vs. SiO2, A/CNK vs. A/NK and (Na2O+K2O) vs. SiO2 diagrams
图 7 海苏沟岩体各类花岗质岩石原始地幔标准化蛛网图和球粒陨石标准化稀土元素蛛网图
据Sun and McDonough(1989)；前人数据据刘孜等(2017)
Fig. 7. Primitive mantle normalized trace element and chondrite-normalized REE patterns spider diagrams for granitic rocks of the Haisugou intrusive mass
图 8 海苏沟岩体选定主量和微量元素哈克图解
前人数据来自刘孜等(2017)
Fig. 8. Harker diagrams for selected major and trace elements of the Haisugou intrusive mass
图 9 海苏沟岩体花岗质岩石构造环境判别图
据Pearce et al.(1984)；前人数据据刘孜等(2017)
Fig. 9. Tectonic setting discrimination diagram of granitic rocks of the Haisugou intrusive mass
图 10 海苏沟岩体花岗质岩石104×Ga/Al-(K2O+Na2O)和(Zr+Nb+Ce+Y)-FeOT/MgO图解
据Whalen et al.(1987)；前人数据据刘孜等(2017)
Fig. 10. The 104×Ga/Al-(K2O+Na2O) and (Zr+Nb+Ce+Y)-FeOT/MgO diagrams of granitic rocks of the Haisugou intrusive mass
表 1 西拉沐伦钼成矿带成岩成矿年龄及辉钼矿Re含量
Table 1. The age of ores and hosting rocks and the content of Re in the Xilamulun molybdenum metallogenic belt, China
矿床名称 矿床类型 测试矿物/岩石 测试方法 年龄(Ma) Re含量(10-6) 资料来源 车户沟 斑岩型 花岗斑岩 SHRIMP U-Pb 245.1±4.4 — Zeng et al.(2010b) 辉钼矿 Re-Os 245.0±5.0 48.2~113.3 库里吐 斑岩型 二长花岗岩 SHRIMP U-Pb 229.4±4.3 — 吴华英等(2008) 辉钼矿 Re-Os 236.0±3.3 17.0~38.1 Zhang et al.(2009) 元宝山 石英脉型 辉钼矿 Re-Os 248.0±3.0 2.9 Liu et al.(2010) 碾子沟 石英脉型 辉钼矿 Re-Os 153.0±5.0 18.1~27.4 Zhang et al.(2009) 二长花岗岩 SHRIMP U-Pb 152.4±1.6 — Zeng et al.(2010b) 辉钼矿 Re-Os 154.3±3.6 12.6~37.0 张作伦等(2009) 鸡冠山 斑岩型 流纹斑岩 SHRIMP U-Pb 151.1±1.3 — 陈伟军等(2010) 辉钼矿 Re-Os 148.5±3.3 8.2~57.1 小东沟 斑岩型 辉钼矿 Re-Os 138.1±2.8 4.5~8.4 Zeng et al.(2010a) 辉钼矿 Re-Os 135.5±1.5 2.2~10.3 聂风军等(2007) 围岩 SHRIMP U-Pb 142.2±2.0 — Zeng et al.(2010a) 岗子 云英岩型 花岗岩 SHRIMP U-Pb 139.1±2.3 — Zeng et al.(2010b) 羊场 石英脉型 辉钼矿 Re-Os 138.5±4.5 4.1~20.2 Zeng et al.(2010c) 二长花岗岩 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 137.6±1.6 — Zeng et al.(2011) 敖仑花 斑岩型 花岗斑岩 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 133.6±2.3 — Zeng et al.(2011) 花岗斑岩 SHRIMP U-Pb 134.0±4.0 — 马星华等(2009) 辉钼矿 Re-Os 132.0±1.0 6.0~38.9 辉钼矿 Re-Os 131.2±1.9 19.5~79.8 Zeng et al.(2010c) 辉钼矿 Re-Os 129.4±3.4 18.8~31.3 Shu et al.(2016) 半砬山 斑岩型 花岗斑岩 SHRIMP U-Pb 129.4±3.5 — 曾庆栋等(2010) 花岗闪长斑岩 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 133.5±1.7 — 张晓静等(2010) 辉钼矿 Re-Os 136.1±6.6 0.1~3.0 Shu et al.(2016) 辉钼矿 Re-Os 140.5±2.4 1.1~1.3 Zeng et al.(2011) 沙布台 斑岩型 辉钼矿 Re-Os 135.3±2.6 2.3~37.6 Shu et al.(2016) 小井子北 石英脉型 黑云母花岗岩 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 133.1±1.4 — 刘孜等(2017) 二长花岗岩 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 126.5±0.7 — 本文 海苏沟 石英脉型 黑云母花岗岩 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 137.6±0.9 — Shu et al.(2014) 辉钼矿 Re-Os 136.4±0.8 2.1~28.8 Shu et al.(2016) 黑云母花岗岩 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 137.1±0.6 — 本文 辉钼矿 Re-Os 143.9±2.9 2.1 本文 
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