成煤母质形成环境对热成因煤层气氢碳同位素的影响:不同气候环境的草本沼泽泥炭热模拟实验

段毅; 段明辰; 吴应忠; 姚泾利; 罗安湘; 邓秀芹; 齐亚林

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2017.520

成煤母质形成环境对热成因煤层气氢碳同位素的影响:不同气候环境的草本沼泽泥炭热模拟实验

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.520

段毅^1,3,4,,
段明辰²,
吴应忠^1,4,
姚泾利⁵,
罗安湘⁵,
邓秀芹⁵,
齐亚林⁵

1.
甘肃省油气资源研究重点实验室/中国科学院油气资源研究重点实验室/中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 甘肃兰州 730000
2.
甘肃政法学院经济管理学院, 甘肃兰州 730070
3.
长安大学地球科学与资源学院, 陕西西安 710054
4.
中国科学院大学地球科学学院, 北京 100049
5.
中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 陕西西安 710018

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 41272125

国家自然科学基金 41472121

国家自然科学基金 41772108

详细信息

作者简介:
段毅(1956-), 男, 研究员, 主要从事油气地球化学、石油地质学和有机地球化学等方面的研究和教学工作

中图分类号: P593
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-12-28
- 刊出日期: 2017-09-15

Impact of Formation Environment of Coal-Forming Material on Hydrogen and Carbon Isotopic Compositions of Thermogenic Coalbed Gas:Thermal Simulation of Herbaceous Marsh Peats Formed under Different Climatic Environments

1.
Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources/Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
2.
School of Economics and Management, Gansu Institute of Political Science and Law, Lanzhou 730070, China
3.
School of Earth Science & Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
4.
School of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
5.
Exploration and Development Institute of Changqing Oilfield Company, CNPC, Xi'an 710018, China

摘要

摘要: 煤层气的成因研究可以为煤层气勘探与开发提供科学依据，然而，煤层气的氢碳同位素组成受多种因素的影响，以前较多的研究是成气母质性质和成熟度对煤层气氢碳同位素的影响，对于成煤物质形成的气候环境对热解煤层气同位素的影响尚不清楚.热解模拟了高纬度寒冷干旱和低纬度热带湿润环境的草本泥炭，对热解烃类气体的氢碳同位素组成及其差异性进行了研究.研究结果表明：与低纬度热带湿润环境中形成的草本泥炭相比较，高纬度寒冷干旱环境的草本泥炭热解甲烷、乙烷和丙烷具有轻的氢同位素组成和重的碳同位素组成，并且从泥炭连续热解至R_o分别为2.5%、3.5%和5.5%时，甲烷、乙烷和丙烷δD值分别平均降低-17‰~-10‰、-32‰~-28‰和-25‰~-17‰，甲烷和乙烷δ¹³C值分别平均升高2.9‰~3.6‰和0.9‰~1.1‰.认为这种同位素差异起因于气候环境对形成泥炭的植物氢碳同位素组成的影响.建立了高纬度寒冷干旱和低纬度热带湿润环境中形成的成煤有机质热解烃类气体氢碳同位素组成与R_o之间的关系式，同时也建立了烃类气体的碳和氢同位素之间的关系式.这些研究成果为不同气候环境下形成的成煤有机质生成的煤层气成因研究提供了科学依据.
- 泥炭 /
- 模拟实验 /
- 气体产物 /
- 氢碳同位素 /
- 气候环境 /
- 煤层气成因 /
- 地球化学
Abstract: The study of coalbed methane (CBM) can provide scientific basis for coalbed methane exploration and development. However, the hydrogen and carbon isotopic compositions of CBM are affected by many factors. Previous studies were mainly concerned with the influence of the properties of gas-forming parent material and maturity on the hydrogen and carbon isotopic compositions of CBM. The influence of formation environment of gas-forming parent material on the isotopic compositions of thermogenic CBM is still unclear. Closed-system isothermal pyrolysis experiments were performed on herbaceous marsh peats derived from high latitude area with cold and dry climates and low latitude area with tropical moist climate. The hydrogen and carbon isotopic compositions and their differences of the hydrocarbon gases (methane, ethane and propane) generated during the pyrolysis of the samples were studied. The results show that the hydrocarbon gases generated from the herbaceous swamp peat in high latitude area had lighter hydrogen and heavier carbon isotopic compositions compared with those in low latitude area. At pyrolysis intervals from peat to vitrinite reflectance values (R_o) of 2.5%, 3.5% and 5.5%, the differences in the average δD values between the samples in high latitude and low latitude areas were from -17‰ to -10‰ for methane, -32‰ to -28‰ for ethane and -25‰ to -17‰ for propane, and in the average δ¹³C values between them were 2.9‰ to 3.6‰ for methane and 0.9‰ to 1.1‰ for ethane, respectively. The differences should result from the influence of climatic environment on hydrogen and carbon isotopic compositions of coal-forming original material. The relationship between R_o values and the hydrogen and carbon isotopic compositions of gases generated by coal-forming organic matter under different climatic environments as well as the hydrogen or carbon isotopic relationships of methane and ethane were established. These results may provide a basis for studying on the genesis of coalbed gas formed by coal-forming material under different climatic environments.
- peat /
- simulation experiment /
- gas product /
- hydrogen and carbon isotopes /
- climatic environment /
- coalbed gas origin /
- geochemistry

HTML全文

图 1 甲烷(a)、乙烷(b)δD值与热解温度的关系

Fig. 1. δD of CH₄ (a) and C₂H₆ (b) vs. pyrolysis temperature

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 甲烷(a)、乙烷(b)δD值与R_o值的关系

Fig. 2. δD of CH₄ (a) and C₂H₆ (b) vs. R_o

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 甲烷(a)、乙烷(b)δ¹³C值与R_o值的关系

Fig. 3. δ¹³C of CH₄ (a) and C₂H₆ (b) vs. R_o

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 甲烷δD值与δ¹³C值(a)和乙烷δD值与δ¹³C值(b)的关系

Fig. 4. δD vs. δ¹³C of CH₄ (a) and δD vs. δ¹³C of C₂H₆ (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 样品参数

Table 1. Parameters of the samples

地区	样号	样品	海拔(m)	气候	TOC (%)	雨水δD值(‰)	年均降雨量(mm)	年均蒸发量(mm)	年均气温(℃)
阿尔泰	Alt	草本泥炭	2 560	寒冷干旱	32.3	-100	350~600	1 816	-3.8~1.8
湛江	Zwx-3	草本泥炭	28	热带湿润	34.5	-53	1 393~1 798	1 700~2 200	23.4

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表 2 不同演化阶段烃类气体平均氢同位素组成

Table 2. Average δD value of hydrocarbon gas generated from peats at different evolution stages

温度(℃)	R_o(%)	δD_CH₄ (‰)	δD_C₂H₆ (‰)	δD_C₃H₈ (‰)	δD_CH₄ (‰)	δD_C₂H₆ (‰)	δD_C₃H₈ (‰)	Δ_CH₄ (‰)	Δ_C₂H₆ (‰)	Δ_C₃H₈ (‰)
		Alt	Alt	Alt	Zwx-3	Zwx-3	Zwx-3	Alt-Zwx-3	Alt-Zwx-3	Alt-Zwx-3
250~400	＜2.5	-337.1	-261.7	-248.4	-326.8	-233.4	-231.2	-10	-28	-17
250~500	＜3.5	-310.4	-225.7	-229.3	-297.9	-194.0	-204.4	-13	-32	-25
250~650	＜5.5	-257.9	-225.7	-229.3	-241.4	-194.0	-204.4	-17	-32	-25

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表 3 不同演化阶段烃类气体平均碳同位素组成

Table 3. Average δ¹³C value of hydrocarbon gas generated from peats at different evolution stages

温度(℃)	R_o(%)	δ¹³C_CH₄ (‰)	δ¹³C_C₂H₆ (‰)	δ¹³C_C₃H₈ (‰)	δ¹³C_CH₄ (‰)	δ¹³C_C₂H₆ (‰)	δ¹³C_C₃H₈ (‰)	Δ_CH₄ (‰)	Δ_C₂H₆ (‰)
		Alt	Alt	Alt	Zwx-3	Zwx-3	Zwx-3	Alt-Zwx-3	Alt-Zwx-3
250~400	＜2.5	-41.4	-31.9	-32.6	-44.3	-32.8	-31.0	2.9	0.9
250~500	＜3.5	-38.8	-30.1	-28.2	-42.4	-31.2	-28.0	3.6	1.1
250~650	＜5.5	-36.2	-30.1	-28.2	-39.6	-31.2	-28.0	3.4	1.1

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