Provenance Transformation and Sedimentary Evolution of Enping Formation, Baiyun Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin
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摘要: 为了阐明白云凹陷古近系恩平组的物源供给方式及沉积充填演化规律，以古地貌-古生物分析、LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年、地震属性分析及典型地震相识别为主要技术手段，对白云凹陷恩平组不同沉积时期的沉积环境、古地貌特征、锆石形态及年代组成、砂体发育特征等进行分析，认为恩平组沉积时期其物源供给方式及沉积充填特征发生了明显的变化.恩平组SQ1~SQ2时期陆相断陷湖盆特征明显，沉积时期沉积范围较小，以盆内短程物源（中生代火成岩基底母岩）供给为主：南部陡坡带主要发育近源快速堆积而成的扇三角洲；北部缓坡带发育充填结构典型的辫状河三角洲及上倾尖灭明显的滩坝砂体.恩平组SQ3时期主要为半封闭的海湾沉积环境，沉积范围较大，以盆外远程物源（华南褶皱带前寒武纪-古生代变质岩基底母岩）供给为主：南部陡坡带断裂活动减弱，发育规模较小的扇三角洲；北部缓坡带发育沿北西-南东方向展布的三期前积反射并不断向盆地中心进积的典型大型辫状河三角洲.Abstract: In order to clarify the sediment supply and sedimentary filling evolution, seismic attributes and seismic facies, the sediment supply and infilling evolution are studied by analyzing the changes in sedimentary environment, morphology, the shape and chronology of the detrital zircons, and the characteristics of sand-bodies, based on the main measuring method of the paleogeomorphology, paleontology, LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb dating. The results indicate that the sediment supply and sedimentary filling have greatly changed during different sequences of the Enping Formation. During the SQ1 and SQ2 of the Enping Formation, the sedimentary environment was characterized by lacustrine rift basins with relatively small sedimentary-range. The sediments around the paleo-uplift were composed of Mesozoic igneous rocks and interpreted to have sourced via relatively short-distance transportation. The southern steep slope zone mainly developed a series of medium-small scale proximal fan deltas. The northern slope zone mainly formed a series of braided deltas with typical channel-filling and beach-bar sand-bodies, and the sediments were mainly derived from the Panyu lower uplift and Dongsha uplift. During the SQ3 of the Enping Formation, the sedimentary environment was characterized by semi-closed bay with relatively large sedimentary-range.The sediments mainly derived from the South China Folded Belt which were composed of Precambrian-Paleozoic metamorphic rocks. The activity of the syn-depositional faults in the southern steep slope zone gradually weakened and mainly formed a series of small scale proximal fan deltas with the sediments provided by the southern uplift. The northern slope zone was interpreted to havesourced via relatively long-distance transportation and deposited along the northwest-southeast-trending, forming three stages large-scale prograding braided deltas.
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图 1 物源区基底岩性分布(a)及白云凹陷构造位置(b)
Fig. 1. The distribution of basement lithology (a) and tectonic location of the Baiyun sag (b)
图 2 珠江口盆地白云凹陷区域地质剖面
位置见图 1
Fig. 2. Regional geological profile of Baiyun sag in the Pearl river Mouth basin
图 3 恩平组层序地层格架及层序界面地震反射特征
剖面位置见图 1
Fig. 3. The sequence stratigraphic framework and seismic reflection characteristics of sequence boundary of Enping Formation
图 4 白云凹陷恩平组SQ1~SQ3层序厚度
Fig. 4. The thickness map of SQ1-SQ3 sequences of the Enping Formation in Baiyun sag
图 5 恩平凹陷-番禺低隆起-白云凹陷地震剖面
位置见图 4c
Fig. 5. Seismic profile of Enping sag, Panyu low uplift and Baiyun sag
图 6 白云凹陷古生物特征分析
Fig. 6. Paleontology characteristics analysis of Enping Formation in Baiyun sag
图 7 变质成因及岩浆成因锆石阴极发光图像
a.BY-1井，恩平组SQ3 delta Ⅲ，4 020~4 290 m，变质成因锆石；b.BY-9井，恩平组，3 159~3 360 m，变质成因锆石；c.BY-2井，恩平组SQ3 delta Ⅱ，4 325~4 755 m，变质成因锆石；d.BY-1井，恩平组SQ3 delta Ⅱ，4 505~4 665 m，岩浆成因锆石；e.BY-9井，恩平组SQ3 delta Ⅱ，4 325~4 755 m，岩浆成因锆石；f.BY-5井，恩平组，2 244~2 289 m，岩浆成因锆石
Fig. 7. The cathodoluminescence images of metamorphic origin and magma genesis zircons
图 8 珠江口盆地碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄分布
Fig. 8. The U-Pb age dating analysis of clastic zircon in Pearl river Mouth basin
图 9 白云凹陷恩平组SQ3-珠海组砂岩中碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄分布
Fig. 9. The U-Pb Age distribution of clastic zircon in sandstone of the upper member of Enping Formation and Zhuhai Formation in Baiyun sag
图 10 恩平组SQ3单井相分析
Fig. 10. The single well phase analysis of the upper member of Enping Formation
图 12 恩平组SQ3三期三角洲前积反射特征及地震属性分析
位置见图 4c
Fig. 12. The seismic attributes analysis and the characteristics of progradational reflections of the three Phase of the upper member of Enping Formation
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