Review on the Seepage Mechanisms of Oil and Gas Flow in Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs
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摘要: 裂缝性碳酸盐岩是世界上最重要的油气藏储层类型之一，其渗流机理一直是石油工程的研究难点和热点.随着油气勘探开发的不断深入，许多深层海相裂缝性碳酸盐岩油气藏被发现，现有理论已无法准确表征流体流动规律，亟待进一步发展和完善.基于对现有理论和方法的广泛调研，系统回顾了裂缝性碳酸盐岩油气藏裂缝渗流能力表征、不同介质间流体交换机制以及渗流数学模型等方面，展望了此类油气藏渗流理论今后的发展和研究方向.本文分析结果可以为国内外类似油气藏的高效开发起到指导和借鉴作用.Abstract: Fractured carbonate reservoir is one of the most important reservoir types in the world, and its flow mechanisms has been a hot but challenging research topic in petroleum engineering. With the deepening exploration and development, many deep fractured marine carbon reservoirs have been discovered. However, the existing theories cannot accurately characterize the fluid flow mechanisms. Based on the extensive investigation on the existing theories and methods, the flow capacity characterization of fractures, the fluid exchange between different porous mediums and the mathematical models are reviewed systematically, and the prospect of future development and researches of flow theory in this kind of reservoir are also presented in this paper. Moreover, the results can be used to guide the development of similar reservoirs around the world.
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图 1 Warren-Root均匀裂缝网格模型(a)、Kazemi层状模型(b)、Swaan球状模型(c)对比
Fig. 1. Comparison of Warren-Root model (a), Kazemi model (b) and Swaan model (c)
图 2 不同尺度微裂缝网格局部优化
Fig. 2. Local optimization sketch of microfracture grid at differnt scales
图 3 水封气机理模拟压力分布
Fig. 3. Pressure distribution of water blocked gas mechanism simulation
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