Indigenous Iron-Reducing Bacteria and Their Impacts on Arsenic Release in Arsenic-Affected Aquifer in Jianghan Plain
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摘要: 微生物参与铁氧化物矿物的还原性溶解是高砷地下水形成的关键过程，其中具有砷还原功能的微生物如何参与含水层砷释放的生物地球化学过程亟待研究.利用从江汉平原典型高砷含水层中厌氧条件下分离出的四株细菌(Citrobacter sp.JH-1、Clostridium sp.JH-6、Exiguobacterium sp.JH-13、Paenibacillus sp.JH-33)，通过室内厌氧模拟培养实验，查明其砷、铁还原能力，并通过分别与铁氧化物矿物及原位沉积物共同培养，探究原位含水层微生物参与的砷释放机理.结果表明：四株细菌均具有厌氧条件下砷、铁还原功能，Citrobacter sp.JH-1砷还原能力最强，96 h内还原的As(Ⅴ)浓度为2.22 μmol/L.其中Citrobacter sp.JH-1不仅可在厌氧和有氧条件下还原溶液中的As(Ⅴ)，还可在厌氧条件下还原溶液中的Fe(Ⅲ)和无定型的水铁矿，在与含水层沉积物共培养12 d后，沉积物中铁与砷的释放量分别为510 mg/kg及1 150 μg/kg.江汉平原含水层中的原位微生物兼具砷/铁还原功能，在厌氧条件下可还原沉积物中的铁氧化物矿物并促进砷的释放，为深入揭示高砷地下水成因机理与地下水砷污染的防控提供重要科学依据.Abstract: Microbial mediated iron-oxide mineral reduction and subsequent arsenic mobilization is the primary cause of arsenic-rich groundwater in south and southeastern Asia, however, the role of iron-reducing and arsenic-reducing microbes isolated from aquifer is not clearly understood. In this study, four strains, Citrobacter sp.JH-1, Clostridium sp.JH-6, Exiguobacterium sp.JH-13 and Paenibacillus sp.JH-33, were isolated from the aquifer in Jianghan plain, which is the typical arsenic-rich aquifer in central China. Each of them was used to identify their ability of arsenate (As(Ⅴ)), ferric iron (Fe(Ⅲ)) and ferrihydrite reduction by batch cultural experiment under aerobic and anaerobic condition. The results indicate that all these four strains can reduce both As(Ⅴ) and Fe(Ⅲ) under anaerobic condition. Among them, the Citrobacter sp.JH-1 possessed the strongest reducing ability for As(Ⅴ), which could reduce 2.22 μmol/L As(Ⅴ) after 96 h, and it could also reduce amorphous iron oxide minerals (ferrihydrite) under aerobic condition. After the cultivation with the sediment sample collected from in situ aquifer, Citrobacter sp.JH-1 could release 510 mg/kg iron and 1 150 μg/kg arsenic into groundwater. These results could provide direct evidence and insights for the cause of arsenic-rich groundwater in Jianghan plain.
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Key words:
- Jianghan plain /
- function microorganism /
- arsenic reduction /
- iron reduction /
- arsenic release /
- biogeochemistry /
- hydrogeology
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图 1 江汉平原含水层原位分离的四株菌厌氧条件下砷还原能力
Fig. 1. The capacity of arsenic reduction of the four in-situ bacterial strains of Jianghan plain under anaerobic condition
a.Exiguobacterium sp.JH-13;b.Paenibacillus sp.JH-33;c.Citrobacter sp.JH-1;d.Clostridium sp.JH-6
图 2 Citrobacter sp.JH-1好氧条件(a)和厌氧条件(b)下砷还原能力
Fig. 2. The arsenic-reducing ability for Citrobacter sp.JH-1 under underaerobic (a) and anaerobic (b) condition
图 3 江汉平原含水层原位分离的四株菌厌氧条件下铁还原能力
Fig. 3. The test about the capacity of iron reduction of the four in-situ bacterial strains of Jianghan plain under anaerobic condition
a.Exiguobacterium sp.JH-13;b.Paenibacillus sp.JH-33;c.Citrobacter sp.JH-1;d.Clostridium sp.JH-6
图 4 Citrobacter sp.JH-1厌氧条件下对水铁矿的还原能力
Fig. 4. The test about the the capacity of iron reduction for ferrihydrite of Citrobacter sp.JH-1 under anaerobic condition
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