Fluid Inclusion Characteristics and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Process of Yangtake Area, Kuqa Foreland Basin
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摘要: 库车前陆盆地羊塔克地区油气资源丰富，明确油气充注历史和成藏演化过程对下一步油气勘探具有重要意义.利用流体包裹体岩相学观察、显微测温分析、定量颗粒荧光分析，并结合库车前陆盆地烃源岩热演化史以及构造演化史，分析了库车前陆盆地羊塔克地区的油气成藏过程.结果表明，羊塔克地区油气具有“晚期成藏，后期改造”的特征.库车坳陷中侏罗统恰克马克组烃源岩在15 Ma左右成熟(Ro＞0.5%)，生成的成熟原油最早是在新近纪库车早期，约4.0 Ma时期，充注到羊塔克构造带，形成少量黄色荧光油包裹体，但大量充注是在约3.5 Ma时期.库车坳陷中下侏罗统煤系源岩是在约26 Ma时达到成熟，生成的天然气在约3.5 Ma，开始大规模的向羊塔克构造带充注.天然气充注后对早期少量原油进行气洗，形成发蓝色荧光的、气液比不一的油气包裹体.油气充注后，在羊塔1地区形成残余油气藏，油水界面位于5 390.75 m处.新近纪库车晚期(3.0~1.8 Ma)，受喜山晚期构造运动影响，羊塔克地区油气藏发生调整改造，羊塔1地区白垩系的残余油气水界面向上迁移至现今的5 379.70 m处.Abstract: There are abundant oil and gas resources in the Yangtake area, Kuqa foreland basin, and it is significant for oil and gas exploration to study the hydrocarbon charge history and accumulation process in this area. Hydrocarbon accumulation process of the Yangtake area in the Kuqa foreland basin was investigated using an integrated fluid inclusion petrography, microthermometry, quantitative grain fluorescence analysis in combination with source rock thermal evolution and tectonic evolution in the Kuqa foreland basin in this study. The results indicate that hydrocarbon accumulated in the Yangtake area at the Late Neocene and experienced adjustment after the initial accumulation. The Middle Jurassic Qiakemake source rock in the Kuqa depression reached maturity (Ro > 0.5%) at about 15 Ma, and initially charged into the Yangtake area at Late Neogene Kuqa period (around 4.0 Ma). Low abundance oil inclusions with yellow fluorescence were formed at that time. Oil was mainly charged into the study area at around 3.5 Ma. The Middle to Lower Jurassic coaly source rock reached maturity at about 26 Ma, while large amount of natural gas was charged into the Yangtake tectonic belt until at about 3.5 Ma. Natural gas washed early charged oil, and formed near blue fluorescence oil inclusions with various gas-liquid ratios. During the mutual interacting between oil and gas, the oil-water contact was once at 5 390.75 m in the Yangta-1 area. With the strengthening of the Himalayan orogeny, the Yangta-1 condensate gas reservoir was adjusted and the gas-water contact was shifted to its current depth of 5 379.70 m in the late deposition of the Kuqa Member.
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图 1 库车前陆盆地羊塔克构造带位置(a)及油气藏剖面(b)
Fig. 1. Location (a) and oil and gas reservoir cross section (b) of the Yangtake structural belt, Kuqa foreland basin
图 3 库车前陆盆地羊塔克地区油气包裹体显微荧光照片
a.YT-1井，5 285.1 m，石英愈合缝中黄白色荧光油气包裹体；b.YT-5井，5 344.1 m，石英愈合缝中蓝白色荧光油气包裹体；c.YT-5，5 338.0 m，群体状黄绿色荧光油气包裹体；d.YT-5井，5 333.6 m，石英次生加大边中蓝白色荧光油气包裹体；e.YT-5井，5 312.8 m，零星状黄白色荧光油气包裹体；f.YT-5井，5 312.8 m，零星状蓝色荧光油气包裹体；g.YT-5井，5 344.1 m，石英裂纹中黄白色和蓝白色荧光油气包裹体共存；h.YT-5井，5 335.0 m，穿石英颗粒裂纹的黄绿色与蓝白色荧光共存的油气包裹体
Fig. 3. Fluorescence photomicrograph of hydrocarbon inclusions from the Yangtake area, Kuqa foreland basin
图 4 库车前陆盆地羊塔克地区白垩系储层流体包裹体均一温度直方图
a.烃类包裹体；b.盐水包裹体
Fig. 4. Histogram of the fluid inclusion homogenization temperature of the Cretaceous reservoir in the Yangtake area, Kuqa foreland basin
图 5 库车前陆盆地大北1井热史结果校验(a)及埋藏史和热史模拟结果(b)
1.Q；2.N2k；3.N1-2k；4.N1j；5.E；6.K；7.J3q；8.J2q；9.J1y-J2kz；10.J1a；11.T
Fig. 5. (a) Modeled burial history and corresponding thermal evolution of the Dabei-1 well, Kuqa foreland basin, and (b) the calibration of the thermal modeled result
图 6 库车前陆盆地大北1井烃源岩热成熟度史
Fig. 6. Source rocks maturity history of the Dabei-1 well, Kuqa foreland basin
图 7 库车前陆盆地羊塔克地区羊塔5井埋藏史和热史
Fig. 7. Burial and thermal history of the Yangta-5 well in the Yangtake area, Kuqa foreland basin
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