珠江口盆地荔湾凹陷珠江组关键地质界面SB21的识别及地质意义

刘思青; 张翠梅; 孙珍; 庞雄; 申俊; 邱宁

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2016.039

珠江口盆地荔湾凹陷珠江组关键地质界面SB21的识别及地质意义

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.039

刘思青^1,2,,
张翠梅^1, ,,
孙珍¹,
庞雄³,
申俊³,
邱宁¹

1.
中国科学院南海海洋研究所边缘海地质重点实验室，广东广州 510301
2.
中国科学院大学，北京 100049
3.
中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司，广东广州 510240

基金项目:

海洋地质国家重点实验室 MGK1213

国家自然科学基金项目 41106055

十二五油气重大专项子课题 2011ZX05025-003-005

中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室 MSGLMSGL13-05

国家自然科学基金项目 U1301233

国家自然科学基金项目 41206038

详细信息

作者简介:
刘思青(1990-)，女，硕士，主要从事海洋地质专业研究. E-mail: lsq13140307@126.com

通讯作者:
张翠梅，cmzhang@scsio.ac.cn

中图分类号: P736.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-07-15
- 刊出日期: 2016-03-15

Characteristics and Significances of the Geological Boundary SB21 in the Zhujiang Formation of the Liwan Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

Liu Siqing^{1,2
,},
Zhang Cuimei^{1
, ,},
Sun Zhen¹,
Pang Xiong³,
Shen Jun³,
Qiu Ning¹

1.
Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3.
CNOOC Ltd. Shenzhen, Guangzhou 510240, China

摘要

摘要: 荔湾凹陷是珠江口盆地最南部的一个超深水凹陷，其结构特点、沉积过程研究是认识被动陆缘演化的重要内容.运用地震地层学方法，基于高分辨率2D/3D地震资料的沉积追踪与对比，一个特征明显且全区可追踪的地质界面——SB21界面被识别出.该界面上下揭示出多种沉积现象：北部剥蚀区、中北部的沉积物过路区、中南部冲沟和沉积物波叠置区、南部的沉积物堆积区.推测这种沉积样式的多样性与发生在23.8 Ma前后的白云运动有密切关系，该构造运动造成荔湾凹陷的差异性沉降，主要表现为荔湾凹陷中南部的快速沉降，导致凹陷北部及中东部的相对抬升.该期构造运动使原有的沉积平衡发生改变，造成沉积物的再分配，沉积物从北部剥蚀区经过路区向中南部堆积区运移.自东向西发育的冲沟，推测与该时期差异沉降导致中东部近南北走向的相对隆起与西侧沉降区的差异沉降，以及有来自凹陷东北角的物源叠加作用有关.SB21界面的沉积反射特征研究，揭示了洋陆边界复杂多变的沉积过程及其驱动机制，对我们认识更大区域的构造沉积过程具有一定的帮助.
- 珠江组 /
- 冲沟 /
- 沉积物波 /
- 海底扇 /
- 荔湾凹陷 /
- 珠江口盆地 /
- 海洋地质
Abstract: Liwan sag is an ultra deep water sag in the southernmost of the Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB), whose structural characteristics and sedimentary process is the important part of passive margin evolution. Using seismic stratigraphy, structures and sedimentation analysis were carried out on high-resolution 2D/3D seismic data in the Liwan Sag of the PRMB. A significant geological boundary with obvious characteristics in the Zhujiang Formation could be identified and traced—SB21. Above the sequence boundary, four types of deposition were identified: the denudation zone in the north, the sediment passing zone in the central-north, the superimposition zone of sediment waves over gulliesin the central-south, the sediment accumulation zone in the South. It's suggested that the various depositional pattern has a close relationship with the tectonic movement—Baiyun Movement—which happened in 23.8 Ma. The tectonic movement caused the differential subsidence of Liwan Sag. Accelerated subsidence happened in the central and south of the sag, and the relative uplift in the north and east. The former sedimentation equilibrium was destroyed and led to redistribution of the sediments. Sediments migrate from the northern denudation zone and migrated along the passing zone and finally deposited at the accumulation zone. We inferred that the gullies which move from east to the west were related to the differential subsidence during this period. The differential subsidence caused topographic gradient change between the NS-trending uplift and the sag center. The study of the sedimentary reflection characteristics at the boundary SB21 reveals the complicated sedimentary process and its driving mechanism in ultra deep water area, which will make great contibution to the tectonic sedimentary process in larger areas.
- Zhujiang Formation /
- gully /
- sediment wave /
- submarine fan /
- Liwan sag /
- Pearl River Mouth Basin /
- marine geology

HTML全文

图 1 珠江口盆地荔湾凹陷区域位置及结构

其中：断裂与凹陷地形结构为23.8 Ma的构造，水深等值线使用的是现今水深，用以体现凹陷现今的沉积环境；左下角插入图为珠江口盆地的区域位置(黄色虚线代表盆地的范围，红色矩形为研究区的位置)

Fig. 1. The regional location and main structures of the Liwan sag, Pearl River Mouth basin

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图 2 珠江口盆地新生界沉积充填序列及构造演化阶段划分(庞雄等，2008)

Fig. 2. The Cenozoic sedimentary sequence and tectonic evolution stages in Pearl River Mouth basin

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图 3 珠江口盆地荔湾凹陷区域地震反射特征(a)和SB21界面典型地震反射特征(b~e)

b.北部削截反射特征；c.中北部差异反射特征；d.中南部波状反射特征；e.南部双向超覆反射特征；Ⅰ-Ⅱ代表两期海底扇；各剖面具体位置参见图 1

Fig. 3. The regional seismic reflection characteristics of Liwan sag, Pearl River Mouth basin (a) and typical seismic reflection characteristics of SB21 boundary (b-e)

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图 4 波状反射区的空间特征(平面和剖面具体位置参见图 1，平面图的底图是23.8 Ma构造图)

Fig. 4. Wave reflection characteristics in S and E direction

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图 5 冲沟、沉积物波和珊瑚礁的地质特征对比

Fig. 5. The geologic features of gully, sediment wave and coral reefs

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图 6 荔湾凹陷古沉积物波的叠瓦状构造(剖面具体位置参见图 1)

Fig. 6. The imbricate structure of the ancient sediment wave in the Liwan Sag

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图 7 SB21界面之上海底扇自北向南的反射特征变化(平面和剖面具体位置参见图 1；纵轴为双程反射时，单位：s)

Fig. 7. The seismic reflection characteristics of the submarine fan from north to south above SB21

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图 8 SB21界面之上海底扇自东向西的反射特征变化(平面和剖面具体位置参见图 1；纵轴为双程反射时，单位：s)

Fig. 8. The seismic reflection characteristics variation of submarine fan from east to west above SB21

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图 9 (a) T70-T60时期构造沉降量；(b) SB23.8-SB21时期构造沉降量(谢辉，2014)

Fig. 9. (a) Tectonic subsidence at T70-SB23.8; (b) Tectonic subsidence at SB23.8-SB21

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图 10 SB21沉积界面特征地质模型(平面图的底图是23.8 Ma构造)

Fig. 10. The geological model above SB21

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