青海湖地区晚第四纪黄土的物质来源

曾方明

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2016.010

青海湖地区晚第四纪黄土的物质来源

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.010

曾方明

中国科学院青海盐湖研究所，青海西宁 810008

基金项目:

中国博士后科学基金项目 2014T70951

中国博士后科学基金项目 2013M532098

青海省自然科学基金项目 2013-Z-926Q

中国科学院青海盐湖研究所青年引导基金项目 Y360361050

国家自然科学基金项目 41201014

详细信息

作者简介:
曾方明(1982-)，男，博士，副研究员，主要研究方向为黄土地球化学.E-mail：fmzeng@163.com

中图分类号: P534.63;P532
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-09-10
- 刊出日期: 2016-01-15

Provenance of the Late Quaternary Loess Deposit in the Qinghai Lake Region

Zeng Fangming

Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China

摘要

摘要: 青海湖地区的晚第四纪黄土记录了湖区晚第四纪以来的环境和气候变化.迄今为止，对于青海湖地区晚第四纪黄土物质来源的研究较薄弱.以青海湖东岸的种羊场晚第四纪风成沉积剖面为主要研究对象，在青海湖区及其周边采集了黄土、风成砂、湖相沉积、河流沉积等样品，结合黄土高原西部临洮黄土样品，对它们的元素组成(＜75 μm的硅酸盐组分)进行了对比研究.初步结果表明：(1) K₂O/Al₂O₃(摩尔比)和Zr/Ti、Zr/Nb比值显示青海湖地区的风成沉积显著区别于本区的河流沉积和湖相沉积；(2) 青海湖地区的晚第四纪黄土与黄土高原西部临洮黄土的K₂O/Al₂O₃和Zr/Ti、Zr/Nb比值相一致；(3) 青海湖地区的晚第四纪黄土可能来自柴达木盆地.
- 青海湖 /
- 黄土 /
- 物质来源 /
- 元素地球化学
Abstract: Late Quaternary loess deposit is widely distributed in the Qinghai Lake region and adjacent area. The loess deposit independently recorded the environmental and climatic changes during the late Quaternary in the Qinghai Lake region, northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Nearly all studies are focused on reconstructing the environmental and climatic changes recorded by loess deposit in the Qinghai Lake region. However, up to now, the provenance of the loess deposit in the Qinghai Lake region is still poorly understood. Here we present the elemental concentration of the silicate fraction of the eolian deposit ( < 75 μm) from the ZYC section in the Qinghai Lake region and LT section at Lintao County on the western Chinese Loess Plateau, loess deposits at Guanjiaoshan Mountain, Chaka town and Wulan County, eolian sands at western and eastern shore of the Qinghai Lake, and fluvial deposits from the Buhahe river and lacustrine deposits at Erlangjian site in the Qinghai Lake region. The results show that: (1) K₂O/Al₂O₃ (molar ratio) and Zr/Ti, Zr/Nb ratios indicate that the eolian deposits in the Qinghai Lake region and adjacent area can be distinguished clearly from the local deposits represented by river deposits at Buhahe river and lacustrine deposits at Erlangjian in the drainage basin of Qinghai Lake; (2) There is similarity of the elemental ratios (K₂O/Al₂O₃ and Zr/Ti, Zr/Nb) between the eolian deposits in the Qinghai Lake region and loess deposits at Lintao County. Thus, the eolian deposits in the Qinghai Lake region and Lintao County may have the same source region; (3) Late Quaternary loess deposit in the Qinghai Lake region is probably sourced from the Qaidam basin.
- Qinghai Lake /
- loess /
- provenance /
- elementary geochemistry

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图 1 研究区地理位置(a)和样品分布概图(b)

白色箭头为1979—2008年春季200 hPa西风环流的平均风场，数据来源于NCEP-2再分析数据；底图来自Google Earth

Fig. 1. Location of the study area between the Qaidam basin and Chinese Loess Plateau (a) and spatial sketch of samples (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 各类样品的K₂O/Al₂O₃-Zr/Ti和K₂O/Al₂O₃-Zr/Nb比值

K₂O/Al₂O₃为摩尔比值

Fig. 2. Plots of element ratios K₂O/Al₂O₃ vs. Zr/Ti, and K₂O/Al₂O₃ vs. Zr/Nb of different samples

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 青海湖及周边地区黄土、风成砂、河流和湖相沉积以及临洮黄土元素组成

Table 1. Element compositions of loess, eolian sand, fluvial and lacustrine deposits in the Qinghai Lake and adjacent region and loess deposits at Lintao county

样号	岩性	Ba (10^-6)	Mn (10^-6)	Nb (10^-6)	P (10^-6)	Sr (10^-6)	Ti (10^-6)	Zr (10^-6)	SiO₂ (%)	Al₂O₃ (%)	Fe₂O₃ (%)	CaO (%)	K₂O (%)	MgO (%)	Na₂O (%)	K₂O/ Al₂O₃^*	Zr/Ti	Zr/Nb
ZYC8	土壤	453.111	197.006	13.934	324.064	147.355	3 818.946	404.664	70.536	11.738	2.283	0.872	2.627	0.970	1.722	0.242	0.106	29.04
ZYC18	古土壤	466.961	257.434	15.712	370.591	135.879	4 110.997	303.240	68.882	12.480	3.610	0.829	2.652	1.401	1.771	0.230	0.074	19.30
ZYC25	古土壤	493.507	192.925	16.611	330.316	128.783	4 250.000	257.579	69.797	13.304	3.010	0.711	2.967	1.122	1.575	0.241	0.061	15.51
ZYC30	古土壤	515.893	203.684	16.624	267.994	125.633	4 255.133	238.729	70.429	13.126	3.179	0.753	2.910	1.171	1.711	0.240	0.056	14.36
ZYC43	黄土	497.850	242.575	14.881	351.007	132.331	3 897.996	278.210	66.928	12.598	3.558	0.802	2.728	1.432	1.727	0.234	0.071	18.70
ZYC46	黄土	479.095	188.542	14.328	229.557	140.073	3 972.136	300.738	70.544	12.018	2.485	0.835	2.733	1.012	1.790	0.246	0.076	20.99
ZYC57	风成砂	461.648	207.918	14.502	159.270	166.929	3 400.130	425.733	69.447	10.344	2.171	1.037	2.399	1.023	1.950	0.251	0.125	29.36
ZYC60	风成砂	463.094	205.617	14.177	133.082	167.888	3 555.022	426.951	70.041	10.368	2.100	1.046	2.433	0.961	2.000	0.254	0.120	30.12
LT15	古土壤	483.296	198.310	15.366	174.439	145.532	3 834.865	289.525	70.847	12.286	2.706	0.827	2.700	1.110	1.776	0.238	0.075	18.84
LT36	黄土	498.240	170.544	14.261	120.600	153.293	3 755.878	274.598	70.628	11.642	2.215	0.853	2.676	0.955	1.888	0.249	0.073	19.26
CK	黄土	494.261	195.861	14.517	132.495	158.748	3 657.730	390.924	71.541	10.913	2.095	0.937	2.476	0.964	1.870	0.246	0.107	26.93
WL	黄土	532.197	192.101	16.438	170.229	121.740	4 321.781	221.823	70.493	14.105	2.808	0.676	3.243	1.199	1.548	0.249	0.051	13.49
GJS	黄土	481.277	274.787	15.927	270.695	139.605	4 193.302	354.186	69.553	12.343	3.592	0.906	2.580	1.415	1.855	0.226	0.084	22.24
HD-1	风成砂	496.285	154.176	9.572	105.055	178.347	2 660.502	222.920	69.665	9.432	1.404	0.854	2.180	0.814	2.171	0.250	0.084	23.29
HD-2	风成砂	447.814	162.474	12.605	107.225	171.671	2 930.469	403.625	69.770	8.829	1.534	0.826	2.039	0.712	2.189	0.250	0.138	32.02
SNH	风成砂	481.589	212.506	13.072	158.098	166.588	3 153.683	295.566	68.643	11.196	2.514	0.976	2.526	1.229	1.893	0.244	0.094	22.61
BHH-1	河流沉积	466.551	192.329	17.611	133.383	158.391	4 333.907	719.999	70.761	10.931	2.192	0.781	2.350	0.938	1.949	0.233	0.166	40.88
BHH-2	河流沉积	494.661	183.116	15.115	177.608	145.457	3 842.529	349.564	70.276	11.907	2.513	0.657	2.548	1.107	1.828	0.232	0.091	23.13
ELJ-1	湖相沉积	470.430	246.337	14.397	121.810	152.082	3 756.060	484.210	72.615	11.835	2.389	1.060	2.580	1.087	2.087	0.236	0.129	33.63
ELJ-2	湖相沉积	511.306	215.386	17.378	118.480	142.143	4 228.275	395.961	71.432	12.899	2.484	0.885	2.842	1.109	1.826	0.238	0.094	22.79
注：*K₂O/Al₂O₃比值为摩尔比(K₂O的分子量为94.20，Al₂O₃的分子量为101.96).

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