Petrological Charateristics and Pore Types of Quaternary Reef Adjacent Typical Exposed Surface in Well Xike-1, Xisha Islands
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摘要: 根据岩心观察、薄片鉴定和图像分析, 对西科1井第四纪发育的典型暴露面及其附近的岩石类型、成岩作用和孔隙类型进行了系统的分析.研究表明: 典型暴露面(埋深68.75~70.24 m)附近的岩石类型为骨架灰岩和泥粒灰岩, 成岩作用类型包括溶解作用、胶结作用、泥晶化作用和新生变形作用, 孔隙类型主要为粒间孔和粒间溶孔、粒内孔及粒内溶孔、生长骨架孔及其溶孔、铸模孔和晶间溶孔.碳酸盐矿物的悬垂状产状、生物体腔孔充填物的方解石化和普遍发育的溶解作用指示该深度段遭受了大气水淋滤的强烈改造.Abstract: Diagenesis and pore characteristics of Quaternary reef-carbonate adjacent typical exposed surfaces in well Xike-1 have been illuminated by means of core observation, thin-section rock identification and image analysis. The results show that the rock types around the typical exposed surface in the depth of 68.75-70.24 m include packestones and grainstone. And associated diagenesis includes dissolution, cementation, micritization and neomorphism. The pore types identified include intergranular pore, intergranular dissoved pore, intragranular pore, intragranular dissoved pore, skeleton growth pore, skeleton growth dissolution pore, modic pore and intergranular dissolved pore. Drapstone shape of the carbonate mineral, calcite filling in the pore and common dissolution of calcite indicate that the depth section was reformed strongly by the atmospheric water leaching.
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Key words:
- well Xike-1 /
- exposed surface /
- petrology /
- pore type /
- diagenetic environment /
- marine geology
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图 1 西科1井埋深67.2~76.4 m及其邻近上覆和下伏岩石类型
WPD.粒内溶孔；GF.生长骨架孔；MO.铸模孔；Cc.方解石胶结物；DC.悬垂状胶结物；M.基质；D.溶解作用；N.珊瑚藻；F.有孔虫；C.珊瑚
Fig. 1. Rock types in the depth of 67.2-76.4 m and adjacent overlying and underlying strata in well Xike-1
图 3 溶解和次生孔隙类型
a.粒间溶孔(BPD)，相邻的有孔虫(F)和珊瑚藻(N)被溶解连通形成特大孔(埋深69.68 m，骨架灰岩，单偏光，铸体薄片)；b.粒内溶孔，珊瑚藻(N)被溶解形成弥漫状微孔(WPD)(埋深69.68 m，骨架灰岩，单偏光，铸体薄片)；c.生长骨架溶蚀孔(GFD)，珊瑚骨架(C)中的部分隔壁被溶解，导致生长骨架孔(GF)连通(埋深70.24 m，骨架灰岩，单偏光，铸体薄片)；d.铸模孔(MO)，珊瑚藻内部完全被溶解，仅保留珊瑚藻的轮廓(埋深71.62 m，泥粒灰岩，1单偏光，铸体薄片)；e.晶模孔(MO)，自形的方解石晶体内部完全被溶解，仅保留方解石的轮廓(埋深70.64 m，骨架灰岩，单偏光，铸体薄片)；f.晶间溶孔(BCD)，充填于生长骨架孔中的方解石边缘被溶解成港湾状(埋深69.05 m，骨架灰岩，单偏光，铸体薄片)
Fig. 3. Dissolution and secondary pore type
图 2 第四系生物礁碳酸盐岩中胶结物特征
a.粒状方解石胶结物(埋深69.68 m，骨架灰岩，单偏光，铸体薄片)；b.悬垂状方解石胶结物(埋深68.75 m，泥粒灰岩，单偏光，铸体薄片)；GC.粒状方解石；DC.悬垂状方解石
Fig. 2. Characteristics of cement types in Quaternary reef-carbonate
图 4 典型暴露面附近孔隙类型和次生孔隙纵向分布
Fig. 4. The pore types near the typical exposed surface and the vertical distribution of secondary porosity
表 1 西科1井典型暴露面附近成岩作用类型纵向分布
Table 1. The vertical distribution of diagenesis types near the typical exposed surface in well Xike-1
薄片号 埋深(m) 岩石类型 成岩作用类型 溶解作用 新生变形作用 泥晶化作用 胶结作用 粒状 悬垂状 182 68.75 泥粒灰岩 R R C C 183 69.05 骨架灰岩 C C 184 69.38 骨架灰岩 C R C 185 69.68 骨架灰岩 R C C 186 70.24 骨架灰岩 C R C 187 70.64 骨架灰岩 C 188 71.12 泥粒灰岩 R C 189 71.42 泥粒灰岩 C R 190 71.62 泥粒灰岩 C 191 72.07 泥粒灰岩 C R C 注：C.常见；R.少见. 
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