On Linkage of Western Boundary Faults of the South China Sea
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摘要: 为了探讨南海西缘结合带的构造贯通性, 在系统分析其地质-地球物理资料的基础上, 剖析了该带的分段性和深-浅部构造几何学特征, 对该带的哀牢山-红河-越东-万纳-卢帕尔各段进行了全面的构造几何学及构造运动学上的对比分析, 提出该带是一条相互贯通的走滑断裂系统, 其各部分在构造几何学上符合走滑构造的基本构架, 构造运动学上具有同时性, 浅部各段具有共同相连的深部的"根", 表现出明显的时空上的贯通性与构造上的一致性.Abstract: There are two pending key problems in research on western boundary faults (WBF) of South China Sea (SCS). One is itself structural-geometric linkage of the WBF of the SCS, that is whether there is a united dynamic boundary along the WBF of the SCS. The other one is dynamic consanguinity with Ailaoshan-Red River tectonic belt and Lupar line in region, that is, as a dynamic boundary, between which blocks the united dynamic boundary exists. For the sake of these two problems, the authors comparatively analyzed the structural geometry and structural kinetics of the major sections of the WBF, such as the Ailao-Red River (ARR)-East Vietnam (EV)-Wan'na (WN)-Lupar line (AEWL for short), based on the comprehensive analyses of geological, geophysical and geochemical data of the western margin area of the SCS. The AEWL is considered a mutual structural-geometric link-up system of strike-slip faults.The AEWL can be divided into three first-order segments: northern segment i.e.the ARR strike-slip fault zone; middle segment from mouth of Red River to the southwestern end of Southwest sub-basin of the SCS, through the EV, characterised by strike-slip and pull-apart; and southern segment along the east boundary fault of Wan'an basin and southward linking with Lupar line in northwestern Kalimantan Island, characterised by an extension-contract-type dextral strike-slip duplex system.Each first-order segment can be further divided into several second-order segments.Then combined with comparatively analyses on geological evolution history of blocks in the region and the analyses on the Cenozoic spreading model of the SCS lithosphere, a dynamic model of the WBF of the SCS during the formation process of the SCS was instituted, and a geological model, which suggests the ARR ran along the No.1 fault of eastern boundary fault of Yinggehai basin after entering the SCS, through Zhongjian ridge-EV-WN-Lupar line, and stopped at the west end of Bacu subduction-collision zone which results from southward subduction of paleo-SCS, was proposed. The reasonableness of the geological model was examined through the results of elasticity-medium-model numerical simulation.
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图 1 南海西缘结合带位置
Fig. 1. Location of the western boundary fault zone of the South China Sea
图 2 哀牢山变形-变质带横剖面
1.沉积岩(砂砾岩、砂岩、泥岩、灰岩)；2.片麻岩、变粒岩；3.片岩、千枚岩；4.板岩、千枚岩；5.超基性岩(含蛇纹岩)；6.糜棱岩；7.花岗岩；8.逆冲推覆断层；9.正断层；A.哀牢山断裂带西侧的下古生界变质岩-绿片岩类岩石组成的高压低温变质岩带；B.哀牢山断裂带东侧的点苍山-哀牢山-大红山低压高温深变质俯冲陆缘岛弧型重熔花岗岩浆-火山岩带.在九甲断裂与哀牢断裂带之间发育两条向东北方面俯冲的俯冲带(任纪舜等，2013)，大致沿南涧至金平段的礼社江-元江西侧分布
Fig. 2. Cross section for Ailaoshan deformational-metamorphic belt
图 3 南海西缘结合带分段
MFW为万安盆地西边界断裂
Fig. 3. Segments of the western boundary fault zone of the South China Sea
图 4 莺歌海盆地花状构造(Sels_90线)
WBF为南海西缘断裂通过处；据童传新等，2007.莺琼盆地大中型天然气田成藏主控因素研究现状与存在问题.“莺琼盆地大中型油气田勘探理论、方法与实践”学术会议(内部文件)
Fig. 4. Flower structures in seismic line sels_90 of the Yinggehai basin
图 5 中建南盆地西缘北段基底伸展走滑断裂剖面
图中左下角配图内的红色线段为剖面位置.WBF为南海西缘断裂通过处
Fig. 5. Profile showing basement extensional strike slip fault in the northern section of western margin of the Zhongjiannan basin
图 6 中建南盆地西缘南段基底伸展走滑断裂剖面
图中小配图内的红色线段为剖面位置
Fig. 6. Profile showing basement extensional strike slip fault in the southern section of western margin of the Zhongjiannan basin
图 7 南海西缘结合带万纳-卢帕尔段超壳伸-缩型右旋走滑双重构造带
Fig. 7. Diagram showing ultra-crustal extension-shrinkage-type dextral duplex strike-slip structures along Wanna-Lupar segment of the western boundary fault zone of the South China Sea
图 8 横切南海西南次海盆西南端的地震解释剖面
剖面位置见右图红线G；T2.上新统与上中新统之间的反射界面；T3.上中新统与中中新统之间的反射界面；T4.中中新统与下中新统之间的反射界面；T5.中新统与渐新统之间的反射界面；T7.上渐新统与下渐新统之间的反射界面；Tg.晚始新统与前晚始新统之间的反射界面或海盆新生代沉积基底；Th.新生界和中生界之间的反射界面
Fig. 8. Interpretted seismic profile crosscutting southwestern end of southwest subbasin of the South China Sea
图 9 万安盆地基底断裂构造剖面
左图为构造剖面图，剖面位置为右图中的红色线段H.南海西缘断裂带从万安盆地的东缘通过
Fig. 9. Profile showing basement fault structure of Wan'an basin
图 10 南海西缘结合带走滑构造系统运动学机制分析
Fig. 10. Kinematic mechanism analysis of strike-slip tectonic system of western boundary fault zone of the South China Sea
图 11 南海西缘结合带地震波速度结构
1.南海西缘结合带浅部迹线；2.南海西缘结合带浅部迹线深部投影线；3.南海西缘结合带深部推测迹线.Vp.地震波纵波速度(km/s)；Vs.地震波横波速度(km/s)
Fig. 11. Seismic wave velocity structures of the western boundary fault zone of the South China Sea
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