西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带中段江错蛇绿岩岩石学、地球化学、年代学及地质意义

黄强太; 李建峰; 夏斌; 殷征欣; 郑浩; 石晓龙; 胡西冲

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2015.003

西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带中段江错蛇绿岩岩石学、地球化学、年代学及地质意义

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.003

黄强太^{1, 2, 3,},
李建峰⁴,
夏斌^{1, 2, 3, ,},
殷征欣^{1, 2, 3},
郑浩^{1, 2, 3},
石晓龙^{1, 2, 3},
胡西冲^{1, 2, 3}

1.
中山大学海洋学院, 广东广州 510006
2.
海洋石油勘探开发广东省普通高校重点实验室, 广东广州 510006
3.
广东省海洋资源与近岸工程重点实验室, 广东广州 510006
4.
中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 广东广州 510640

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41372208

中国地质调查局青藏专项 1212011221088

详细信息

作者简介:
黄强太(1986-), 男, 博士后, 主要从事构造地质学、矿床学研究.E-mail: huangqiangtai@163.com

通讯作者:
夏斌, E-mail: xb698xy@qq.com

中图分类号: P545
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-05-25
- 刊出日期: 2015-01-15

Petrology, Geochemistry, Chronology and Geological Significance of Jiang Tso Ophiolite in Middle Segment of Bangonghu-Nujiang Suture Zone, Tibet

Huang Qiangtai^{1, 2, 3
,},
Li Jianfeng⁴,
Xia Bin^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
Yin Zhengxin^{1, 2, 3},
Zheng Hao^{1, 2, 3},
Shi Xiaolong^{1, 2, 3},
Hu Xichong^{1, 2, 3}

1.
School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Offshore Oil Exploration and Development, Guangdong Universities, Guangzhou 510006, China
3.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou 510006, China
4.
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

摘要

摘要: 江错蛇绿岩位于班公湖-怒江缝合带中段, 位于切里湖蛇绿岩亚带的最东端, 南邻蓬湖西蛇绿岩.江错蛇绿岩岩石组合相对较全, 主要由变质橄榄岩、辉长岩和辉绿岩等组成.江错蛇绿岩辉长岩-辉绿岩与N-MORB相比具有较高的Mg^#、低Ti、K、Na和P的特征, 富集大离子亲石元素Sr、Rb、Ba和亏损高场强元素Th、Hf、Ta、Nb, REE配分图总体显示为平坦型分布模式.通过地球化学元素分析认为江错蛇绿岩是形成于SSZ之上的弧后盆地扩张脊环境.对其进行辉长岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年, 得出加权平均年龄为189.8±3.3 Ma(MSWD=0.97), 该结果代表了班公湖怒江缝合带中段江错地区特提斯洋的扩张时代, 与中段东巧地区蛇绿岩年龄一致, 但晚于东段洋盆发育时代且早于西段洋盆发育时代, 表明整个班公湖-怒江洋盆发育时代存在东早西晚的特点.
- 江错蛇绿岩 /
- 地球化学 /
- SHRIMP U-Pb定年 /
- 构造环境 /
- 西藏
Abstract: Jiang Tso ophiolite, which belongs to the most eastern part of Qieli Lake ophiolite subzone, is located at the middle segment of the Bangonghu-Nujiang suture zone to the south of Pung Lake ophiolite. The rock association of Jiang Tso ophiolite is relatively complete and mainly composed of metamorphic peridotite, gabbro and diabase. Comparing with N-MORB, the major and trace elements of Jiang Tso ophiolite are characterized with high content in Mg and low contents in Ti, K, Na, P and the depletion of elements of Nb, Ta, Hf, and Th. In addition, it displays relative enrichment of Rb, Sr, and Ba. Geochemistry characteristics of the Jiang Tso ophiolite indicate it is of supra-subduction zone type ophiolite and formed in the spreading ridge of back arc basin. The zircon SHRIMP U-Pb weighted average ages of gabbro is 189.8±3.3 Ma (MSWD=0.97), which suggests that the extension time of Tethys oceanic basin in Jiang Tso region was consistent with the formation time of the Dongqiao oceanic basin in the middle part, and also corresponding to that of the oceanic basin in the western part, while later than the development of oceanic basin in the eastern part of the Bangonghu-Nujiang suture zone. From the geochronological data, it can be deduced that the development of the Bangonghu-Nujiang oceanic basin was characterized by being gradually later from east to west.
- Jiang Tso ophiolite /
- geochemistry /
- SHRIMP U-Pb dating /
- tectonic environment /
- Tibet

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图 1 江错蛇绿岩地质构造简图

1.喜马拉雅被动陆缘(印度板块)；2.雅鲁藏布缝合带；3.冈底斯陆缘火山-岩浆弧；4.拉萨地块；5.班公湖-怒江缝合带；6.羌塘地块；7.松潘地块；8.蛇绿岩；9.断层；10.湖泊；据夏斌等，1993；Yin and Harrison, 2000修改

Fig. 1. Geological sketch map of Jiang Tso ophiolite

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图 2 江错蛇绿岩辉长岩和辉绿岩野外照片

a.辉长岩；b.辉绿岩

Fig. 2. Filed photos of gabbro and diabase from Jiang Tso

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图 3 江错蛇绿岩辉长岩显微镜下照片(正交偏光)

Pl.斜长石；CPX.斜方辉石

Fig. 3. Microscope photos of Jiang Tso ophiolite gabbro(orthogonal polarization)

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图 4 江错蛇绿岩辉绿岩显微镜下照片(偏光)

Pl.斜长石；CPX.斜方辉石；Ilm.钛铁矿

Fig. 4. Microscope photos of Jiang Tso ophiolite diabase

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图 5 江错蛇绿岩SiO₂-Na₂O+K₂O和Nb/Y-Zr/TiO₂岩石分类

Fig. 5. SiO₂ vs. Na₂O+K₂O and Nb/Y vs. Zr/TiO₂ diagrams of Jiang Tso ophiolite

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图 6 主量元素(SiO₂、Al₂O₃、TiO₂、CaO、P₂O₅、K₂O、Na₂O)对MgO的Harker图解

Fig. 6. Harker diagrams of major elements(SiO₂, Al₂O₃, TiO₂, CaO, P₂O₅, K₂O, Na₂O) vs. MgO

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图 7 江错蛇绿岩微量元素对原始地幔蜘蛛图(a)和稀土元素配分(b)

Fig. 7. Pattern of trace elements of Jiang Tso ophiolite (a) and REE pattern of Jiang Tso ophiolite (b)

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图 8 江错蛇绿岩中辉长岩锆石CL图像

Fig. 8. Cathode luminescence images of zircons in gabbro from Jiang Tso ophiolite

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图 9 江错蛇绿岩中辉长岩锆石U-Pb年龄的谐和图

Fig. 9. Zircons U-Pb Concordia diagram of gabbro from Jiang Tso ophiolite

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图 10 江错蛇绿岩微量元素构造环境判别图解

Fig. 10. Trace elements tectonic discrimination diagram of Jiang Tso ophiolite

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表 1 班公湖-怒江缝合带内蛇绿岩典型剖面岩石组合、地球化学特征及构造环境统计

Table 1. The rock assemblage, geochemical characteristics and tectonic environment of typical ophiolite section in Bangonghu-Nujiang suture zone

剖面名称		岩石组合	化学特征	构造背景	文献
东段	丁青	丁青西：地幔橄榄岩、辉长岩、玄武岩；丁青东：地幔橄榄岩、堆晶岩、铁镁质杂岩	熔岩MORB；玻安岩；LAT	弧前环境	张旗和杨瑞英, 1985, 1987; Ishii et al., 1992; 张旗，1992；王建平等，2002
东段	嘉黎-凯蒙	地幔橄榄岩、辉橄岩、橄长岩和辉长岩	SSZ型蛇绿岩	不成熟弧后盆地	和钟铧等，2006
中段	东巧	地幔橄榄岩、橄长岩、玄武岩及铬铁矿	MORB; E-MORB; SSZ; IAT	大洋盆地扩张环境	Girardeau et al., 1984；王希斌等，1984；杨瑞英等，1984；Pearce and Deng, 1988；叶培盛等，2004；夏斌等2008
	安多	玄武岩、辉长岩	SSZ型蛇绿岩	弧后盆地环境	王希斌等，1984；赖绍聪和刘池阳，2003；孙立新等，2011
	觉翁	变质橄榄岩、辉橄岩、堆晶岩、辉绿岩墙、枕状熔岩、放射虫硅质岩	MORB; SSZ	大洋盆地；弧后盆地	王希斌等，1984；陈玉禄等，2006
	蓬湖西	纯橄岩、辉长岩、橄长岩	SSZ型蛇绿岩	弧后盆地环境	王希斌等，1984；韦振权，2009
	纳木错	变质橄榄岩、辉长辉绿岩、玄武岩	IAT	弧后盆地环境	叶培盛等，2004
	白拉	地幔橄榄岩、辉长岩、辉绿岩	玻安岩	弧前盆地	Pearce and Deng, 1988
	拉弄	地幔橄榄岩、辉长岩、辉绿岩、枕状熔岩	SSZ型蛇绿岩	弧后盆地环境	徐力峰，2009
西段	洞错	地幔橄榄岩、堆晶杂岩、基性岩墙杂岩、基性熔岩	OIB; MORB; IAT	洋岛；小洋盆，初始洋盆，弧后盆地	林文弟等，1990；夏斌等，1991; 鲍佩声等, 1996, 2007; 鲍佩声和王军, 2000；张玉修等，2007；樊帅权等，2010
	拉果错	地幔橄榄岩、堆晶岩、枕状熔岩、斜长花岗岩、放射虫硅质岩	IAT; MORB和IAT	弧间盆地	王保弟等，2007；张玉修等，2007
	查尔康错	变质橄榄岩、堆晶岩、辉绿岩、玄武岩	MORB和IAT	岛弧环境	张玉修等，2007
	班公错	地幔橄榄岩、辉长岩、辉绿岩墙、枕状熔岩	SSZ型蛇绿岩	俯冲带环境	史仁灯，2007；黄启帅等，2012a
	狮泉河	地幔橄榄岩、堆晶岩、基性岩墙	IAT; MORB; SSZ	弧后盆地；洋内岛弧	郭铁鹰等，1991；史仁灯，2005
	古昌	变质橄榄岩、基性岩墙群、蚀变玄武岩、斜长花岗岩、放射虫硅质岩	MORB; E-MORB	初始洋盆；多岛弧环境；异常洋脊环境	王希斌等，1987；张宽忠等，2007

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表 2 江错蛇绿岩辉长岩、辉绿岩主量元素质量百分含量分析结果(%)

Table 2. Contents of major elements of gabbro and diabase from Jiang Tso

样品	7XJC1	7XJC2	7XJC3	7XJC7	7XJC4	7XJC5	7XJC6
岩性	辉长岩	辉长岩	辉长岩	辉长岩	辉绿岩	辉绿岩	辉绿岩
SiO₂	49.47	50.25	50.07	46.50	47.81	48.45	46.10
TiO₂	0.60	0.53	0.18	0.20	0.17	0.45	0.11
Al₂O₃	15.05	13.54	15.85	14.96	16.89	16.54	17.80
Fe₂O₃	8.09	10.10	4.73	7.84	5.94	5.64	3.74
MnO	0.08	0.11	0.08	0.12	0.08	0.09	0.07
MgO	11.09	9.89	11.25	13.88	12.05	9.86	10.74
CaO	10.53	11.39	10.86	12.35	10.58	15.55	19.37
Na₂O	2.30	2.31	1.63	2.08	1.89	1.34	0.32
K₂O	0.96	0.53	2.21	0.40	0.85	0.38	0.20
P₂O₅	0.04	0.06	0.02	0.06	0.01	0.04	0.01
LOI	1.49	0.99	2.86	1.24	3.54	1.34	1.28
Total	99.72	99.70	99.73	99.61	99.81	99.68	99.75
FeOt	7.28	9.09	4.26	7.05	5.34	5.07	3.37
Mg^#	73.27	66.20	82.63	77.98	80.23	77.76	85.17
注：Mg^#=100×Mg²⁺/(Mg²⁺+Fe²⁺)(摩尔比)；FeOt=FeO+0.9×Fe₂O₃.

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表 3 江错蛇绿岩岩石微量(稀土)元素含量(10^-6)及不相容元素比值

Table 3. Contents of trace (REE) elements of Jiang Tso ophiolite

样品号	7XJC1	7XJC2	7XJC3	7XJC7	7XJC4	7XJC5	7XJC6
Sc	43.11	39.91	45.84	43.38	33.93	32.67	25.56
Ti	3 270.60	2 922.50	1 110.00	1 208.90	975.90	2 487.40	663.90
V	227.00	276.00	134.50	140.90	114.30	153.80	75.63
Cr	513.90	438.30	498.40	1 406.70	296.00	1 004.00	1 570.10
Mn	625.60	909.20	659.60	989.20	590.80	671.00	576.80
Co	39.68	46.95	30.80	48.07	26.21	28.75	31.72
Ni	125.40	131.40	147.50	217.90	143.30	177.20	272.10
Cu	12.62	6.80	13.56	85.91	14.45	43.46	65.22
Zn	18.62	19.86	18.46	40.66	26.19	41.98	66.69
Ga	11.52	11.09	8.43	8.94	8.91	9.14	7.73
Ge	1.22	1.27	1.40	1.15	1.26	1.25	1.07
Rb	47.78	19.52	130.00	14.68	38.23	17.98	11.29
Sr	145.20	142.90	151.40	203.40	220.60	143.00	83.23
Y	13.32	13.09	6.73	5.77	6.94	8.59	2.83
Zr	21.04	18.89	12.33	3.02	7.79	12.95	3.61
Nb	0.94	0.75	0.45	0.20	0.75	0.76	0.17
Ba	23.50	20.03	101.50	61.25	38.67	36.39	34.87
La	1.24	1.54	0.93	0.47	1.14	1.10	0.43
Ce	3.19	3.72	2.37	1.16	3.27	2.80	0.97
Pr	0.54	0.62	0.40	0.21	0.56	0.48	0.15
Nd	2.99	3.21	2.06	1.30	2.82	2.56	0.84
Sm	1.10	1.13	0.67	0.48	0.82	0.83	0.28
Eu	0.43	0.49	0.28	0.31	0.40	0.40	0.16
Gd	1.57	1.58	0.94	0.76	1.09	1.17	0.39
Tb	0.32	0.33	0.18	0.16	0.19	0.22	0.07
Dy	2.19	2.21	1.15	1.09	1.32	1.50	0.53
Ho	0.49	0.50	0.26	0.25	0.28	0.33	0.11
Er	1.43	1.41	0.75	0.66	0.76	0.94	0.31
Tm	0.21	0.22	0.11	0.09	0.11	0.13	0.04
Yb	1.44	1.48	0.68	0.62	0.73	0.90	0.29
Lu	0.23	0.25	0.11	0.10	0.11	0.14	0.05
Hf	0.66	0.63	0.38	0.16	0.26	0.43	0.12
Ta	0.07	0.06	0.03	0.01	0.04	0.05	0.01
Pb	1.07	0.53	3.66	1.87	9.59	3.54	4.29
Th	0.03	0.04	0.09	0.01	0.08	0.05	0.02
U	0.02	0.05	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.07	0.08
LREE/HREE	1.20	1.34	1.61	1.05	1.96	1.53	1.58
Ce/Zr	0.15	0.20	0.19	0.38	0.42	0.22	0.27
Zr/Nb	22.38	25.19	27.40	15.10	10.39	17.04	21.24
Th/Yb	0.02	0.03	0.13	0.02	0.11	0.06	0.07
Zr/Y	1.58	1.44	1.83	0.52	1.12	1.51	1.28
Ti/Y	245.54	223.26	164.93	209.51	140.62	289.57	234.59
La/Nb	1.32	2.05	2.07	2.35	1.52	1.45	2.53
Y/Nb	14.17	17.45	14.96	28.85	9.25	11.30	16.65
Th/Ta	0.43	0.67	3.00	1.00	2.00	1.00	2.00
La/Ta	17.71	25.67	31.00	47.00	28.50	22.00	43.00
δEu	1.00	1.12	1.08	1.57	1.29	1.24	1.48

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表 4 江错蛇绿岩中辉长岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb分析结果

Table 4. SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age data of gabbro from Jiang Tso ophiolite

测点	U(μg/g)	Th(μg/g)	Th/U	²⁰⁶Pb_c(%)	²⁰⁶Pb^*(μg/g)	²⁰⁷Pb^*/²³⁵U	±%	²⁰⁶Pb^*/²³⁸U	±%	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸UAge(Ma)	±1σ
JC1.1	86	62	0.74	6.01	2.4	0.37	39.8	0.030 2	4.2	191.7	7.9
JC2.1	184	205	1.15	1.11	4.7	0.35	13.3	0.029 6	2.2	188.1	4.1
JC3.1	163	79	0.50	3.96	4.3	0.28	30.8	0.029 7	2.8	189.0	5.2
JC5.1	200	159	0.82	3.02	5.2	0.25	23.0	0.029 4	2.9	187.1	5.3
JC6.1	322	438	1.41	1.66	8.1	0.23	16.0	0.029 0	2.2	184.0	3.9
JC7.1	114	82	0.74	6.80	3.3	0.43	31.9	0.031 5	3.5	199.7	6.9
JC8.1	115	110	0.99	10.74	3.1	0.19	77.6	0.028 0	4.1	178.0	7.3
JC10.1	516	3418	6.84	2.93	12.9	0.21	15.3	0.028 3	2.5	179.7	4.5
JC12.1	485	1021	2.18	3.95	13.0	0.32	34.2	0.029 9	2.2	190.1	4.1
JC13.1	181	156	0.89	7.29	5.3	0.20	38.3	0.031 5	3.1	200.1	6.1
JC15.1	172	173	1.04	6.43	4.8	0.23	40.3	0.030 2	2.9	191.9	5.5
注：²⁰⁶Pb_c(%)为普通²⁰⁶Pb占总²⁰⁶Pb的百分比；Pb^*为放射性成因铅；普通铅用²⁰⁴Pb校正.

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参考文献(105)

[1]	Alabaster, T., Pearce, J.A., Malpas, J., 1982. The Volcanic Stratigraphy and Petrogenesis of the Oman Ophiolite Complex. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. , 81(3): 168-183. doi: 10.1007/BF00371294
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