Generalizability Method of Physical Model Shape for Majiagou Landslide in Three Gorges Reservoir Area
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摘要: 以三峡库区秭归县马家沟滑坡I号滑体为例, 为研究其在库水位升降和降雨条件下的变形破坏及稳定性, 对其采用框架式模型试验, 参照1∶40相似比进行了缩放.以模型概化前后滑坡稳定性系数相一致为目的, 在2.0m×1.0m×1.5m的试验框架内, 通过改变抗滑桩前的滑体、滑带的几何形态, 建立了与研究对象应力边界条件一致的地质力学模型.概化后对滑坡桩前边界推力和研究区后边界推力进行拟合, 得出相应于实际滑坡在不同水位时边界推力的折减系数.通过调节水位的升降速率来保证在水位变化时滑坡概化前后稳定性系数等效, 数值模拟结果显示滑坡模型的水位变化速率为0.7m/d、水位在183~204m范围内升降满足模拟实际滑坡水位在145~175m间变动的情况, 从而也验证了滑坡概化后模型的合理性.Abstract: To study the deformation and stability in the condition of water level fluctuation and rainfall, the frame type model test was taken on the sliding body I of Majiagou landslide with a ratio of 1∶40.The shapes of sliding body and sliding zone in the front of the anti-slide pile were changed in the 2.0m×1.0m×1.5m frame to make sure that the stability coefficients were the same before and after being generalized. The reduction factors of the boundary thrust in the different water levels corresponding natural conditions were put forward. The rate of water level rise and fall was changed in order to guarantee equal stability coefficients, and the numerical simulation results show that the rate of 0.7m/d ranging from 183 to 204m is in accordance with the actual landslide, and the rationality of the model is verified.
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Key words:
- landslide /
- shape of model /
- generalizability method /
- stability coefficients /
- geologic hazard
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图 1 马家沟滑坡Ⅰ号滑体模型基准剖面及研究区
Fig. 1. The profile and the study area of the Ⅰ slip mass of Majiagou landslide model
图 3 桩前滑体概化条分图
1.滑坡前缘端点，剪出口位置；2、3.桩距滑坡前缘端点水平距离的中轴线上的点
Fig. 3. Slices of slip mass in front of piles
图 6 概化后研究区后边界推力(水位高程＞193.4m)
Fig. 6. The fitting curve ofresidual thrust of the back boundary of the research area for the generalized model
图 9 不同水位变化速率下的滑坡稳定性系数
Fig. 9. Stability coefficients of different change rates of water level
图 10 稳定性系数折减后不同水位变化速率下的滑坡稳定性系数(折减系数为1.025)
Fig. 10. Stability coefficients after the reduction(the factor is 1.025) of different change rates of water level
表 1 静水位条件下实际滑坡稳定性系数
Table 1. Stability coefficients of the landslide under static water level
水位高程(m) 稳定性系数 无水 1.213 7 145 1.190 9 150 1.195 9 155 1.221 3 160 1.250 7 165 1.304 0 170 1.383 4 175 1.503 7 
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表 2 静水位条件下概化模型的稳定性系数
Table 2. Stability coefficients of the generalized model under static water level
剪出口高程(m) 不同水位高程(m)下稳定性系数 无水 185 190 195 200 180 1.213 7 1.179 1.187 1.219 1.279 181 1.213 7 1.201 1.238 1.133 1.120 182 1.213 7 1.196 1.198 1.224 1.286 183 1.213 7 1.197 1.267 1.374 1.511 184 1.213 7 1.192 1.236 1.324 1.445 185 1.213 7 0.920 0.817 0.737 0.676
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表 3 概化前后滑坡剩余推力对比
Table 3. Correlation table of residual thrust of the landslide and the generalized model
状态 水位高程(m) 桩前剩余推力(kN/m) 研究区后边界推力(kN/m) 概化前滑坡 无水 1 586.40 1 915.34 145.0 1 586.40 1 915.34 150.0 1 586.40 1 915.34 155.0 1 586.40 1 915.34 160.0 1 586.40 1 915.34 165.0 1 586.40 1 915.34 170.0 1 586.40 1 915.34 175.0 1 586.40 1 915.34 概化后滑坡 无水 1 586.40 1 915.34 183.0 1 586.40 1 915.34 185.0 1 586.40 1 915.34 187.0 1 586.40 1 915.34 190.0 1 626.36 1 915.34 193.4 1 750.81 1 915.34 195.0 1 877.87 2 173.29 200.0 2 197.57 2 439.16
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