Dynamic Construction and Uncertainty Assessment for 3D Coal-Seam Models in Northern Dongsheng Coalfield
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摘要: 以内蒙古东胜煤田北部艾来五库沟-台吉召地段勘查区为例，针对三维地质建模方法在多源多类地质数据应用、动态建模及建模结果不确定性评估等方面存在的不足进行研究，并实现了煤层三维建模.煤层三维建模要领是：先按照数据的内在逻辑关系和几何结构两个层次进行数据融合处理，将钻孔、剖面及断层等数据转化为形式简单、结构一致的离散化样品数据；再以这些数据和各类边界线为基础，通过距离幂次反比(inverse distance weighting，IDW)法插值得到煤层顶底板高程，并结合这些属性值和TIN(triangulated irregular network)剖分技术动态生成煤层结构模型；然后利用一个与煤层顶底板高程估值结果相对应的算子——插值方差，完成对煤层模型的局部不确定性评估.详细讨论了煤层三维建模的整体流程并基于三维地学信息系统平台QuantyView加以实现.实际应用结果表明，所提方法具有显著的实际应用价值.Abstract: This paper explores three issues related with the current coal-seam modeling, namely, integration of multi-source geological data, dynamic modeling and uncertainty assessment for the modeling results by studying 3D coal-seam modeling of five prospect areas from Ailaiwukugou to Taijizhao located in northern Dongsheng coalfield in Inner Mongolia. Firstly, data integration is carried out according to its inherent logic and outer geometrical relationship. The former translates data into sections or profiles, and the latter further converts them into a uniform simple format, which is called uniform discretized samples. Secondly, based on these samples and boundary lines, inverse distance weighting (IDW) method is employed to evaluate the height of both top and base floor of coal layer and then 3D coal models are dynamically built according to these attribute values by triangulated irregular network (TIN). Thirdly, interpolation variance, an alternative uncertainty measurement for IDW estimates, is applied to assess uncertainty of the resulting 3D coal-seam models. Finally, the whole modeling workflow is discussed in detail and implemented based upon a 3D geo-information system named QuantyView. In the application in our study area, the proposed method works well in dynamically modeling the coal layers and their uncertainties in multi-source geological data environment, which shows that it is practical and feasible for 3D modeling in other coalfields.
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图 1 勘查区各地段边界及区内主要勘探工程和断层的相对位置关系
a.各勘查区及段层面的空间位置及形态；b.钻孔及剖面数据的空间分布情况
Fig. 1. Borderlines of the exploration areas and its relative position relationship of the exploration engineering and fault structures
图 2 多源多类地质数据融合过程中真实折剖面的透视图(a)及正视图(b)示意
Fig. 2. A typical multi-source and multi-type geological data integration illustrated by a true zigzag section in perspective (a) and front (b) view
图 3 断层线数据的提取及在建模过程中的应用说明
a.典型的正断层及其上下盘煤层；b.剖面上一个煤层的断层线数据提取结果；c.空间上多个煤层的断层线数据提取结果；d.断层影响下的煤层底板多边形构建结果；e.断层影响下的煤层顶底面模型构建结果；f.断层影响下的煤层体模型构建结果
Fig. 3. Illustrations on generation of fault sample data and its application on coal-seam modeling
图 4 基于顶、底板高程估值结果的煤层边界线动态生成(a)及煤层结构模型动态构建(b)过程示意
Fig. 4. Illustrations on dynamically constructing coal-seam borderline and the respective structure models based on elevation estimates of coal seam roof and floor
图 5 多源地质数据环境下煤层动态建模及其不确定性评估方法的整体实现流程
Fig. 5. The workflow of the proposed method for dynamic modeling coal seams and evaluating the uncertainty under multi-source geological data condition
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