Critical Phyisical Conditions for Accumulation of Yinan 2 "Continuous" Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoir, Kuqa Depression
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摘要: “连续型”致密砂岩气藏是一种重要的非常规油气资源.恢复储层临界物性条件的演化对于揭示致密砂岩气成藏机理及成藏过程具有重要的理论意义.以库车坳陷依南2“连续型”致密砂岩气藏为例，利用数值模拟方法结合盆地模拟技术，恢复了储层临界物性的演化过程，并根据临界物性条件和储层演化的耦合关系，确定了该地区“连续型”致密砂岩气藏可以成藏的最早时间.研究表明，“连续型”致密砂岩气成藏临界物性并不是固定不变的，它随着地质条件的变化而不断发生改变.依南2“连续型”致密砂岩气藏最早的形成时间为距今9 Ma，对应的临界孔隙度为6.95%；现今储层临界孔隙度为7.26%.结合实际地质情况进一步证实了依南2气藏为“连续型”致密砂岩气藏.Abstract: It is necessary to reconstruct its evolution of critical physical conditions while researching the formation mechanism and accumulation process of "Continuous" tight sandstone gas reservoir since it is one of significant unconventional hydrocarbon resources. Taking Yinan 2 "continuous" tight sandstone gas reservoir as the study area, the evolution of critical physical conditions is reconstructed with numerical modeling as well as basin model technology. The earliest formation time of "Continuous" tight sandstone gas reservoir is determined based on the temporal coupling between critical physical conditions and reservoir evolution. The results show that critical physical conditions of "Continuous" tight sandstone gas reservoir are dynamic, changing with the geological settings. As for Yinan 2 "continuous" tight sandstone gas reservoir, the earliest formation time is about 9 Ma, and the corresponding porosity is about 6.95%. The present critical porosity is about 7.26%.Combined with the geological conditions, it is further confirmed that Yinan 2 gas reservoir is a "Continuous" tight sandstone gas reservoir.
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图 1 库车凹陷构造单元分区及依南地区阿合组顶面构造
Fig. 1. Distribution of structural units within the Kuqa with the top structural characters of Ahe Formation in Yinan area
图 3 “连续型”致密砂岩气藏力平衡模式(据庞雄奇等，2006)
Fig. 3. The model of force balance in the "continuous" tight-sand gas reservoir
图 5 依南2井镜质体反射率随深度的变化
Fig. 5. The change of vitrinite reflectance with depth in the Yinan 2 well
图 6 库车坳陷侏罗系阿合组天然气运聚动力的演化
Fig. 6. The evolution of gas dynamic in the Ahe Formation, Jurassic in Kuqa Depression
图 7 依南地区侏罗系阿合组孔隙度与孔喉半径关系
Fig. 7. The relationship between porosity and pore throat radius in Ahe Formation, Jurassic in Yinan area
图 8 依南地区砂岩储层孔隙度与储层埋藏深度关系
Fig. 8. The relationship between porosity and burial depth in Yinan area
图 10 依南2气藏含气饱和度随孔隙度变化关系
Fig. 10. The change of gas saturation with the porosity in the Yinan 2 gas reservoirs
图 11 依南2“连续型”致密砂岩气藏成藏临界物性与实际物性演化
Fig. 11. The evolution of critical porosity and actual critical porosity in Yinan 2 "continuous" tight-sand gas reservoir
表 1 依南2井三叠系和侏罗系烃源岩参数
Table 1. Parameter of source rocks in the Triassic and Jurassic from Yinan 2 well
层位 厚度(m) 岩性 干酪根类型 有机碳(%) 氢指数(mg/g) J2kz 451.5 煤 Ⅲ 53.42 152.03 J1y 205.5 煤 Ⅲ 55.24 96.99 T3t 52.0 煤 Ⅲ 54.37 94.51 T2h 184.0 泥岩 Ⅲ 2.52 66.29 T2k 45.0 泥岩 Ⅲ 1.48 43.26 
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表 2 库车坳陷地史时期地表温度
Table 2. The surface temperature in geological time in the Kuqa depression
地史时期 Q N2k N1-2k N1j E K J T 古地表温度(℃) 14 14 14 14 15 16 15 15 注：据高瑞祺和赵政璋，2001.
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表 3 库车坳陷地温梯度
Table 3. Geothermal gradient in Ku depression
时间(Ma) 0 2 5 23.5 65 145 208 245 地温梯度(℃) 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 注：据梁狄刚等, 2004.
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表 4 依南2气藏阿合组在主要历史时期各项参数统计结果
Table 4. Parameters from Ahe Formaiton in Yinan 2 gas reservoir in different periods
地史时(Ma) 埋深(m) 气体压力(105 Pa) 温度(℃) 气－水界面张力(N/m) 水密度(kg/m3) 23 2 400 16.29 81.2 0.041 969.89 12 4 300 21.92 126.8 0.027 950.59 5 4 800 40.09 144.6 0.023 950.38 0 4 995 26.25 135.0 0.025 948.66
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表 5 依南2“连续型”致密砂岩气藏成藏临界孔隙度模拟结果
Table 5. The modeling result of critical porosity in Yinan 2 "continuous" tight-sand gas reservoir
时间(Ma) 23 12 5 0 孔隙度(%) 9.89 8.22 5.05 7.26
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