Magmatic Cu-Ni-PGE Sulfide and Fe-Ti-V Oxide Deposits and Their Relationship to Emeishan Basalt in Permian Emeishan Large IgneousProvince, SW China: A Review
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摘要: 峨眉山大火成岩省中广泛分布着赋存Fe-Ti-V氧化物矿的层状辉长岩体和赋存Cu-Ni-PGE硫化物矿的镁铁超镁铁岩体，系统归纳并分析了这两类成矿岩浆在控矿因素、岩浆性质、岩浆过程等方面存在的差异.对比Cu-Ni-PGE硫化物矿床和Fe-Ti-V氧化物矿床差异，认为岩浆分异程度、部分熔融程度、挥发分(S和P)以及是否存在地壳混染是造成这两类矿床成矿差异的原因.一系列的矿床实例分析表明高Ti或低Ti性质并不是玄武质岩浆成矿专属性的决定性因素，Fe-Ti-V氧化物矿床和Cu-Ni-PGE硫化物矿床的形成与各自的控矿因素有关.
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关键词:
- Fe-Ti-V氧化物矿 /
- Cu-Ni-PGE硫化物矿 /
- 控矿因素 /
- 峨眉山玄武岩 /
- 火成岩 /
- 矿床
Abstract: The Late-Middle Permian (about 260 Ma) Emeishan large igneous province in SW China contains two ore-forming magma series, i.e., small ultramafic subvolcanic sills that host magmatic Cu-Ni-PGE sulfide ores and large mafic layered intrusions that host giant Fe-Ti-V oxide deposits. The differences between these two types of ore-forming magma series in the factors controlling mineralization, the nature of magma and magmatic processes, etc., are systematically summarized and analyzed. And the comparisons between Cu-Ni-PGE sulfide-bearing intrusions and Fe-Ti-V oxide-bearing intrusions confirm that Cu-Ni-PGE sulfide mineralization or Fe-Ti-V oxide mineralization depend on the degrees of fractionation crystallization, partial melting, crustal contamination and volatiles (e.g. S and P). The combination of other deposits in the Emeishan large igneous province suggests that the high Ti affinity and low Ti affinity of the Emeishan basalts are not the key factors controlling Cu-Ni-PGE sulfide or Fe-Ti-V oxide mineralization, which are associated with individual factors respectively. -
图 1 峨眉山大火成岩省中Fe-Ti-V氧化物矿床与Cu-Ni-PGE硫化物矿床成矿模式简图
Fig. 1. The metallogenic model of the Fe-Ti-V oxide and Cu-Ni-PGE sulfide deposits in Emeishan large igneous province, SW China
表 1 2类成矿岩体地质特征对比
Table 1. Comparisons between Cu-Ni-PGE sulfide-bearing intrusions and Fe-Ti-V oxide-bearing intrusions on geological features
Fe-Ti-V氧化物矿岩体 Cu-Ni-PGE硫化物矿岩体 侵位地层 大多数前寒武系，少数志留系 大多数泥盆系、奥陶系，少数前震旦系 岩体出露面积 攀枝花约30 km2，白马约50 km2 金宝山约5 km2，力马河约0.12~0.16 km2，杨柳坪约0.5 km2 辉石种类 单斜辉石 斜方辉石 围岩特征 白云质灰岩、玄武岩 含少量黄铁矿的硅质岩 磷灰石 攀枝花岩体中间带的岩石含5%磷灰石 无 伴生岩体 中酸性岩 无 
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