Fluid Inclusion and Micro-FTIR Evidence for Hydrocarbon Charging Fluid Evolution of the Ordovician Reservoir of Halahatang Depression, the Tarim Basin
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摘要: 应用烃类包裹体偏光-荧光镜下特征、盐水包裹体均一温度及油包裹体红外光谱特征，研究塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘凹陷奥陶系油藏成藏流体特征及演化历史.实验结果表明：油藏主要经历2期成藏，早、晚两期包裹体均一温度峰值分别在为72.5~78.5 ℃和92.1~99.7 ℃；油包裹体红外光谱实验再次表明，油包裹体内普遍含有水；还发现原生包裹体水/油相比值较大(4.6~2.1)，烃类成熟度参数较低(CH2/CH3比值为7.3~4.5)；次生包裹体水/油比值较小(1.1~0.4)，烃类成熟度较高(CH2/CH3比值为2.9~1.9)；原生包裹体普遍含有硫醇类化合物，而次生包裹体几乎不含有.对比奥陶系原油地球化学特征发现，含硫醇类化合物为油藏早海西期生物降解作用形成，海西晚期较高成熟度原油的大量充注，使硫醇类化合物含量不断降低，同时部分硫醇类化合物开始发生裂解生成少量H2S.Abstract: The evolution of the hydrocarbon charging fluids of the Ordovician reservoir, Halahatang depression and the Tarim basin, was studied by the evidence of inclusion petrography, transmitted light-incident fluorescence, homogenization temperature and Micro-FTIR of the petroleum inclusions. The experiments data show that: firstly, two hydrocarbon charging stages were determined, the peak homogenization temperature of associated saline inclusions were 72.5-78.5 ℃ and 92.1-99.7 ℃ respectively; secondly, the Micro-FTIR data confirm that there generally exist H2O in the petroleum inclusion; furthermore, the ratio of H2O/(CH2+CH3) in the primary hydrocarbon inclusions is larger (4.6-2.1) than the ratio (1.1-0.4) in the secondary hydrocarbon inclusions, and the maturity of the primary hydrocarbon inclusions (CH2/CH3 ratio is 7.3-4.5) is lower than the maturity of the secondary hydrocarbon inclusions (CH2/CH3 ratio is 2.9-1.9); lastly, sulf-alcohols compounds generally exist in the primary hydrocarbon inclusions, but do not exist in the secondary hydrocarbon inclusions. Compared with geochemistry data of the Ordovician hydrocarbon, sulf-alcohols compounds were the product of the early reservoir biodegradation having occurred in early-Hercynian, and in the late-Hercynian, the higher maturity hydrocarbon largely generated charges and mixes with the early hydrocarbon, which causes the content of the sulf-alcohols decreased. At the same time, part of the sulf-alcohols cracks to generate H2S.
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Key words:
- inclusion /
- Micro-FTIR /
- charging fluid /
- Halahatang depression /
- geochemistry /
- hydrocarbon
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图 1 哈拉哈塘凹陷区域构造位置及采样井位分布
Fig. 1. Structural location of Halahatang depression and the distribution of sample tested wells
图 2 典型烃类包裹体偏光-荧光照片
a.孔洞充填方解石内成带状分布，深褐色液烃包裹体(OL)、深黑色沥青包裹体(BL)和无色盐水包裹体(SL)，H601-4井，样号H60-4-1，6 649.2 m，单偏光；b.视域同上，OL显示浅黄色荧光(第1期)，UV激发；c.方解石脉内成线状分布的浅褐色液烃包裹体，H601-4井，样号H601-4-2，6 649.8 m，单偏光；d.视域同上，OL显示浅蓝色荧光，沿微裂缝分布的原油显示浅蓝色荧光(第2期)，UV激发；e.方解石压溶缝内残存的早期原油，显示黄绿色荧光(第1期)，H601-4井，样号H60-4-3，6 650.2 m，UV激发；f.方解石脉内发育浅褐色气液烃包裹体(LGL)及伴生盐水包裹体，H601-4井，样号H60-4-4，6 652.5 m，单偏光；g.视域同上，LGL发强蓝绿色荧光(第2期)；h.洞缝充填方解石内发育的浅灰色气烃包裹体，H9井，样号H9-1，6 618 m，单偏光；i.重结晶方解石内片状分布灰褐色液烃包裹体、沥青和伴生盐水包裹体(第1期)，H15井，样号H15-1，6 585 m，单偏光；j.视域同上，OL显黄色荧光，沥青显黄褐色荧光，UV激发；k.方解石脉内沿不同方向线状分布的灰色液烃包裹体和伴生盐水包裹体，H7-2井，样号H7-2-1，6 592 m，单偏光；l.视域同上，早期OL显黄白色，晚期OL显浅蓝白色
Fig. 2. Transmitted light and incident fluorescence photomicrographs of typical hydrocarbon inclusions
图 3 哈拉哈塘凹陷奥陶系储层盐水包裹体均一温度
Fig. 3. Homogenization temperature of fluid saline inclusions in the Ordovician reservoir, Halahatang depression, the Tarim basin
图 4 油包裹体显微-红外光谱特征
a.原生油包裹体红外光谱；b.次生油包裹体红外光谱
Fig. 4. Micro-infrared spectrum characteristics of hydrocarbon inclusions
表 1 哈拉哈塘凹陷奥陶系储层烃类包裹体类型划分及特征
Table 1. Classification and characteristics of hydrocarbon inclusions in the Ordovician reservoir in the Halahatang depression
井号 井段(m) 宿主矿物 烃类包裹体 同期盐水包裹体 期次 类型 荧光颜色 冰点温度(℃) 均一温度(℃) 气/液 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL，BL为主 浅黄、黄绿色 -3.4 73.5 10 第1期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL，BL为主 浅黄、黄绿色 -2.8 67.3 15 第1期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL，BL为主 浅黄、黄绿色 -3.8 76.6 10 第1期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL，BL为主 浅黄、黄绿色 -4.2 75.5 10 第1期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL，BL为主 浅黄、黄绿色 -3.7 78.7 10 第1期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL，BL为主 浅黄、黄绿色 -5.1 80.3 5 第1期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL，BL为主 浅黄、黄绿色 -4.8 82.5 5 第1期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 蓝绿色 -2.0 88.5 10 第2期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 蓝绿色 -3.1 88.5 15 第2期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 蓝绿色 -3.5 97.3 15 第2期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 蓝绿色 -2.8 98.5 15 第2期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 蓝绿色 -4.5 102.6 10 第2期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 蓝绿色 -5.6 112.3 10 第2期 H601-4 6 649~6 652.5 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 蓝绿色 -5.2 118.6 10 第2期 H9 6 615~6 619.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL 浅黄色 -3.5 66.2 5 第1期 H9 6 615~6 619.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL 浅黄色 -3.8 64.5 5 第1期 H9 6 615~6 619.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL 浅黄色 -3.0 78.8 10 第1期 H9 6 615~6 619.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL 浅黄色 -4.6 79.5 10 第1期 H9 6 615~6 619.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL 浅黄色 -2.8 78.5 10 第1期 H9 6 615~6 619.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL 浅黄色 -5.2 92.1 10 第1期 H9 6 615~6 619.0 方解石脉 次生，LGL为主，GL其次 蓝绿色 -2.8 82.5 15 第2期 H9 6 615~6 619.0 方解石脉 次生，LGL为主，GL其次 蓝绿色 -3.6 86.7 15 第2期 H9 6 615~6 619.0 方解石脉 次生，LGL为主，GL其次 蓝绿色 -3.1 95.8 10 第2期 H9 6 615~6 619.0 方解石脉 次生，LGL为主，GL其次 蓝绿色 -4.5 98.5 15 第2期 H9 6 615~6 619.0 方解石脉 次生，LGL为主，GL其次 蓝绿色 -3.5 99.5 15 第2期 H9 6 615~6 619.0 方解石脉 次生，LGL为主，GL其次 蓝绿色 -5.2 106.8 15 第2期 H15 6 585~6 592.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL，BL为主 黄色 -3.6 65.6 10 第1期 H15 6 585~6 592.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL，BL为主 黄色 -3.6 65.6 10 第1期 H15 6 585~6 592.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL，BL为主 黄色 -2.1 72.5 10 第1期 H15 6 585~6 592.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL，BL为主 黄色 -2.7 75.8 10 第1期 H7-2 6 587~6 595.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL 黄白色 -2.8 76.2 15 第1期 H7-2 6 587~6 595.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL 黄白色 -3.6 78.4 15 第1期 H7-2 6 587~6 595.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL 黄白色 -1.9 81.5 10 第1期 H7-2 6 587~6 595.0 孔洞充填方解石 原生，OL 黄白色 -4.0 81.5 10 第1期 H7-2 6 587~6 595.0 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 浅蓝白色 -4.3 82.4 10 第2期 H7-2 6 587~6 595.0 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 浅蓝白色 -4.5 88.6 10 第2期 H7-2 6 587~6 595.0 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 浅蓝白色 -4.0 92.4 15 第2期 H7-2 6 587~6 595.0 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 浅蓝白色 -4.0 92.4 15 第2期 H7-2 6 587~6 595.0 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 浅蓝白色 -5.3 99.7 15 第2期 H7-2 6 587~6 595.0 方解石脉 次生，OL为主，LGL其次 浅蓝白色 -5.6 99.7 15 第2期 
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表 2 石油包裹体红外光谱参数及计算值
Table 2. Micor-infrared spectra of the petroleum inclusions and its parameters calculating
井号 样品号 层位 包裹体类型 石油包裹体特征 H2O/(CH2+CH3) CH2/CH3 Xinc, Xstd Th(℃) H601-4 H601-4-1 O2yj 原生 4.6 7.251 71.235，25.374 63.7 H601-4 H601-4-2 O2yj 原生 2.6 6.209 61.587，22.219 76.6 H601-4 H601-4-1 O2yj 次生 1.1 2.051 13.9，7.967 95.8 H601-4 H601-4-2 O2yj 次生 0.6 2.316 16.844，8.948 99.5 H601-4 H601-4-4 O2yj 次生 0.4 2.872 23.024，11.359 106.8 H15 H15-1 O2yj 原生 2.8 4.532 41.236，18.389 65.6 H15 H15-2 O2yj 原生 3.6 4.732 43.527，20.105 75.8 H7-2 H7-2-1 O2yj 原生 2.1 6.186 62.278，21.493 76.2 H7-2 H7-2-1 O2yj 次生 0.9 1.882 12.022，7.341 92.4 注：Xinc为烷烃链碳原子数；Xstd为烷烃直链碳原子数.
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