西拉木伦河北岸敖仑花斑岩型钼矿含矿岩体

杨永强; 定立; 翟德高; 王建平; 刘家军

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2012.137

西拉木伦河北岸敖仑花斑岩型钼矿含矿岩体

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.137

杨永强¹,
定立^{1, 2},
翟德高^{1, 2},
王建平²,
刘家军²

1.
中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室, 北京 100083
2.
中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41072070

国家自然科学基金项目 41272110

中国地质调查局专项 1212011085471

详细信息

中图分类号: P618;P597.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-07-10
- 网络出版日期: 2021-11-09
- 刊出日期: 2012-06-15

Metallogenic Granitoid of Aolunhua Mo Deposit at North Bank of Xilamulun River

1.
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2.
School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 内蒙古敖仑花钼矿床位于大兴安岭成矿带中南段,是西拉木伦河北岸一个典型的斑岩型钼矿床.为了精确厘定该矿床含矿岩体的成岩时代,进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究,结合花岗岩中锆石的微量元素特征对该矿床成矿岩体物质来源进行了深入的探讨.花岗斑岩锆石LA-ICP-MS年代学研究表明花岗斑岩的结晶年龄为135.0±1.0 Ma,为燕山期大规模中酸性岩浆活动的产物.该岩体锆石Th/U比值大于0.1,具明显的Ce正异常(Ce^*为1.72~188.71)和Eu负异常(Eu^*为0.05~0.57),轻稀土亏损,重稀土富集,La和Pr含量很低,而Ce正异常,显示为壳源岩浆锆石的特征.纵观矿床地质特征、成岩时代和区域构造演化,认为敖仑花钼矿床形成于大兴安岭成矿带140 Ma左右的锡多金属成矿高峰期,矿床形成于由挤压造山向碰撞伸展过渡阶段的构造背景.通过与西拉木伦河北岸新发现的钼矿床对比分析,认为天山-林西为重要的钼成矿带,这对提高该类矿床的理论研究水平和指导隐伏金属矿床的找矿勘查工作均具有重要意义.
- 斑岩型矿床 /
- 成矿岩体 /
- 锆石 /
- 微量元素 /
- 敖仑花钼矿 /
- 成矿预测 /
- 矿床.
Abstract: The Aolunhua Mo deposit is a typical porphyry deposit,which is located in middle southern section of the Da Hinggan metallogenic belt. In order to determinate the petrogenetic ages of the deposit,we focus our study on granite zircons LA-ICP-MS. Combined with the trace element geochemistry in granites zircons,we discuss in-depth the ore-forming rock's material sources of the deposit. The granite zircons LA-ICP-MS analysis shows that the crystallization age of the granite is 135.0±1.0 Ma,indicating that the granite related with mineralization resulted from magmatism in Early Cretaceous period. The Th/U ratios of the ore-forming rock is greater than 0.1 with a significant positive Ce anomaly(Ce^*=1.72~188.71) and negative Eu anomalies (Eu^*=0.05~0.57). It can be concluded that crust-derived magmatic zircon is characterized by poor LREE,rich HREE,low La,Pr content and positive Ce anomaly. Combined with ore deposit geology and mineralization epoch as well as regional tectonic evolution,we draw a conclusion that formation of the Aolunhua Mo deposit is in the peak metallogenic epoch as 140 Ma in the Da Hinggan region. The tectonic settings of the deposit are in the transition period from lithosphere compression to extension. We think that the Tianshan-Linxi is a crustal type section,it has an important role for research this area. At the same time,we contrast some newly discovered Mo deposits along north bank of Xilamulun River,and find that Tianshan-Linxi is an important Mo ore-forming belt,which facilitates the understanding of regional controlling tectonics and prospecting of the ore deposits.
- porphyry type deposit /
- metallogenic granitoids /
- zircons /
- trace elements /
- Aolunhua Mo deposit /
- ore prospecting /
- ore deposits.

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图 1 大兴安岭南段及邻区构造简图(据刘建明等，2004绘改)

1.主要断裂；2.国界；3.断裂编号；4.斑岩型矿床；①华北地台北缘深断裂；②西拉木伦河断裂；③二连-贺根山深断裂；④乌怒尔鄂伦春断裂；⑤德尔布干断裂；⑥大兴安岭主脊断裂；⑦嫩江断裂

Fig. 1. Simplified tectonic map of the southern Da Hinggan Mountains and their adjacent area

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图 2 敖仑花钼铜矿床矿区地质简图(据徐巧等，2010绘改)

1.花岗斑岩体；2.英安斑岩；3.石英闪长玢岩；4.石英斑岩；5.其他脉岩；6.二叠系索伦组

Fig. 2. Simplified geologicmap of the Aolunhua Mo-Cu deposit Inner Mongolia

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图 3 敖仑花矿床花岗斑岩野外产出特征和镜下矿物组成

Qtz.石英；Kfs.钾长石；Pl.斜长石；Bi.黑云母

Fig. 3. Occurrence and mineral compositions of the granite in the Aolunhua deposit

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图 4 敖仑花钼矿床花岗斑岩锆石阴极发光图像

Fig. 4. Cathodoluminesecence (CL) images of representative zircons of the granite from the Aolunhua Mo deposit

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图 5 细粒斑状花岗闪长岩(样号AL03)样品锆石的LA-ICP-MS法U-Pb年龄谐和图(a)与加权平均年龄图(b)

Fig. 5. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb Concordia (a) and histogram diagram (b) of zircons of fine grain porphyritic granodiorite (sample AL03)

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图 6 敖仑花花岗闪长岩中样品的原始地幔标准化微量元素蜘蛛网图(a)和球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式图(b)

Fig. 6. The spider diagrams (a) and the Chondrite-normalized REE patterns (b) of samples in Aolunhua deposits

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图 7 敖仑花A/CNK-A/NK(a)与R1-R2(b)图解

1.地幔分异期；2.板块碰撞前期；3.碰撞后抬升期；4.造山晚期；5.非造山期；6.同碰撞期；7.造山后

Fig. 7. The A/CNK-A/NK(a) and R1-R2 (b) diagrams for rock samples in Aolunhua deposit

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图 8 敖仑花矿床花岗斑岩(Yb+Nb)-Rb(a)、Y-Nb(b)与Y-Sr/Y(c)图解

Fig. 8. The (Yb+Nb)-Rb (a), Y-Nb (b) and Y-Sr/Y (c) diagrams for rock samples in Aolunhua deposit

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表 1 敖仑花钼矿床花岗斑岩的常量元素(%)、微量元素(10^-6)的含量

Table 1. The component of macroelements (%) and trace elements(10^-6) of granites from Aolunhua deposit

岩性	花岗岩	细粒斑状花岗闪长岩	花岗岩	细粒斑状花岗闪长岩	细粒斑状花岗闪长岩
样号	AL01	AL03	AL05	AL03-01	AL03-02
Al₂O₃	12.87	13.30	12.93	10.64	12.21
SiO₂	73.03	71.04	70.00	77.05	74.41
CaO	1.55	2.24	2.72	1.08	1.54
K₂O	4.37	4.19	4.04	4.76	4.48
TiO₂	0.30	0.42	0.42	0.26	0.34
Fe₂O₃	2.30	2.95	3.23	1.05	1.47
MgO	0.61	0.81	0.78	0.51	0.69
Na₂O	3.92	4.37	3.04	2.98	3.56
MnO	0.031	0.038	0.032	0.028	0.022
P₂O₅	0.18	0.18	0.16	0.09	0.12
烧失量	0.58	0.24	2.32	1.23	0.91
FeO	0.90	2.10	1.90	0.65	1.20
Li	9.93	13.2	21.7	8.47	9.01
Be	2.22	1.90	1.28	1.99	2.03
Sc	7.14	7.25	4.42	2.59	3.17
V	29.6	33.0	32.6	26.7	34.8
Cr	4.19	4.56	5.89	8.36	8.17
Co	3.54	4.06	7.27	1.63	2.48
Ni	2.46	29.60	3.10	0.928	1.30
Cu	275	7 069	2 852	142	221
Zn	114.0	5 339.0	212.0	52.3	31.3
Ga	17.6	18.7	17.6	16.5	17.1
Rb	116.0	97.1	125.0	113.0	115.0
Sr	466	431	233	409	453
Zr	66.4	72.8	63.0	56.1	65.8
Nb	4.20	5.32	5.49	4.84	5.34
Hf	2.21	2.66	2.43	1.68	2.02
Ta	0.402	0.438	0.416	0.361	0.401
W	25.1	3.10	15.8	12.4	11.4
Re	0.043	0.018	1.950	0.578	0.187
Tl	0.672	0.526	0.884	0.596	0.504
Pb	37.30	229.00	36.50	21.00	9.74
Bi	1.33	1.19	19.70	2.53	1.04
Th	5.46	6.61	5.34	4.12	4.61
U	0.990	7.15	1.58	2.28	1.73
Dy	1.66	1.66	1.87	1.56	1.48
Ho	0.296	0.296	0.311	0.249	0.273
Er	0.816	0.880	0.855	0.685	0.762
Tm	0.135	0.129	0.135	0.118	0.136
Yb	0.815	0.871	0.839	0.724	0.714
Lu	0.141	0.131	0.135	0.106	0.111
Y	9.00	8.73	9.16	8.40	8.31
B	2.40	1.27	4.39	2.06	2.26

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表 2 敖仑花(AL03)号样品中单颗粒锆石U-Pb同位素测定结果

Table 2. The dating results of U-Pb isotopes for single zircon in sample AL03 of Aolunhua

样号	组成(μg/g)					比值				年龄(Ma)				Th/U
样号	²⁰⁶Pb	²⁰⁷Pb	²⁰⁸Pb	²³²Th	²³⁸U	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	²⁰⁸Pb/²³²Th	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	²⁰⁸Pb/²³²Th	Th/U
AL03-01	29.49	1.620	1.831	149.73	346.53	0.048 62	0.144 82	0.021 07	0.006 97	188	137	134	140	0.43
AL03-02	30.56	1.604	2.191	177.31	357.54	0.048 73	0.138 98	0.021 16	0.007 05	81	132	135	142	0.50
AL03-03	35.75	1.920	2.640	211.88	418.38	0.047 29	0.141 84	0.021 16	0.007 12	129	135	135	143	0.51
AL03-04	39.41	2.140	3.060	258.55	463.67	0.052 30	0.142 86	0.021 05	0.006 77	158	136	134	136	0.56
AL03-05	24.90	1.339	1.292	106.04	289.12	0.048 96	0.143 52	0.021 33	0.006 96	138	136	136	140	0.37
AL03-06	34.34	1.841	3.880	313.88	406.58	0.048 83	0.140 33	0.020 93	0.007 05	130	133	134	142	0.77
AL03-07	30.08	1.616	2.086	164.92	351.59	0.048 85	0.142 47	0.021 20	0.007 22	135	135	135	145	0.47
AL03-08	37.76	1.969	1.412	113.42	442.43	0.048 78	0.137 95	0.021 15	0.007 11	64	131	135	143	0.26
AL03-09	47.40	2.790	4.440	364.70	569.44	0.048 95	0.149 62	0.020 74	0.006 92	299	142	132	139	0.64
AL03-10	30.25	1.633	1.833	149.59	351.61	0.049 71	0.143 99	0.021 32	0.007 00	146	137	136	141	0.43
AL03-11	18.91	1.028	1.393	86.78	190.36	0.048 99	0.144 21	0.021 41	0.007 77	140	137	137	156	0.46
AL03-12	50.45	2.720	4.110	333.74	579.63	0.048 58	0.145 41	0.021 58	0.007 04	141	138	138	142	0.57
AL03-13	32.05	1.724	2.079	169.46	377.09	0.047 20	0.141 80	0.021 08	0.007 01	137	135	134	141	0.45
AL03-15	23.66	1.294	0.551	46.05	290.51	0.047 34	0.145 54	0.021 23	0.007 02	181	138	135	141	0.16
AL03-16	45.95	2.470	4.860	415.08	555.05	0.048 52	0.138 92	0.020 56	0.006 67	147	132	131	134	0.75
AL03-17	49.49	2.600	3.810	319.27	595.90	0.048 63	0.139 85	0.020 88	0.006 56	128	133	133	132	0.53
AL03-18	62.73	3.280	5.610	467.96	768.17	0.049 63	0.133 79	0.020 55	0.006 65	59	127	131	134	0.61
AL03-20	44.42	2.360	8.480	710.61	542.18	0.049 38	0.134 66	0.020 63	0.006 77	66	128	132	136	0.76
AL03-21	2.49	0.133	0.226	18.46	28.96	0.048 52	0.142 90	0.02136	0.007 00	125	136	136	141	0.64
AL03-22	18.43	0.994	1.616	124.12	204.18	0.048 59	0.147 66	0.022 02	0.007 33	130	140	140	148	0.61
AL03-23	29.89	1.637	3.410	249.50	340.75	0.048 59	0.149 14	0.021 79	0.007 82	178	141	139	157	0.73
AL03-24	20.96	1.119	2.221	179.22	253.51	0.048 88	0.138 45	0.020 60	0.006 96	135	132	131	140	0.71
AL03-26	36.54	1.960	2.850	232.71	425.82	0.048 62	0.142 75	0.021 33	0.007 03	125	135	136	142	0.55
AL03-27	41.41	2.220	2.550	204.12	486.42	0.048 73	0.141 81	0.021 16	0.007 18	128	135	135	145	0.42
AL03-28	30.19	1.620	2.122	166.71	343.07	0.047 29	0.146 62	0.021 88	0.007 30	128	139	140	147	0.49
AL03-29	10.18	0.549	0.725	55.00	117.34	0.052 30	0.145 42	0.021 57	0.007 57	142	138	138	152	0.47
AL03-30	47.22	2.520	4.700	399.45	560.76	0.048 96	0.139 33	0.020 94	0.006 76	111	132	134	136	0.71

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表 3 敖仑花钼矿床细粒斑状花岗闪长岩中锆石微量元素分析结果(⁹⁰Zr，¹⁷⁸Hf为%，其余为10^-6)

Table 3. Trace element analyses of zircons from fine grain porphyritic granite of Aolunhua deposit (⁹⁰Zr, ¹⁷⁸Hf %, others 10^-6)

	AL03-01	AL03-02	AL03-03	AL03-04	AL03-05	AL03-06	AL03-07	AL03-08	AL03-09	AL03-10	AL03-11	AL03-12	AL03-13	AL03-14	AL03-15
⁴⁹Ti	3.03	2.87	3.32	2.42	2.15	2.60	7.32	2.49	2.82	2.74	10.91	2.94	2.73	6.95	3.63
⁸⁹Y	1 100.39	1 328.41	1 134.30	1 165.77	796.49	1 541.33	1 431.76	471.55	1 038.42	1 136.44	1 020.77	1 436.96	1 058.42	1 277.40	373.79
⁹⁰Zr	491 255.6	482 274.2	492 333.3	481 478.9	475 668.9	479 458.5	469 524.2	476 759.6	479 104.1	471 036.4	475 740.5	460 816.8	472 844.2	475 096.9	469 188.0
⁹³Nb	4.030	4.830	5.330	5.720	2.500	3.090	2.610	1.210	4.600	2.790	2.600	7.030	2.710	1.000	0.954
¹³⁹La	0.778 0	0.044 7	4.200 0	0.119 0	0.033 3	0.021 8	0.046 9	0.012 0	2.160 0	0.29 70	0.032 0	0.129 0	0.295 0	0.979 0	1.250 0
¹⁴⁰Ce	26.44	33.11	43.62	31.86	19.09	48.33	16.23	13.42	41.95	21.66	19.30	38.28	23.80	7.37	5.90
¹⁴¹Pr	0.184 0	0.099 7	1.570 0	0.080 0	0.034 7	0.154 0	0.285 0	0.046 0	0.672 0	0.174 0	0.061 0	0.102 0	0.161 0	0.628 0	0.516 0
¹⁴⁶Nd	1.720	1.900	8.600	1.230	0.684	4.130	5.720	0.436	4.900	1.620	1.580	1.610	1.950	6.670	2.900
¹⁴⁷Sm	3.16	5.59	5.11	3.90	2.03	9.76	13.41	1.08	4.99	3.98	4.11	4.73	3.94	9.55	3.07
¹⁵³Eu	0.877	1.380	1.327	1.275	0.731	2.880	3.590	0.608	1.384	1.100	1.147	1.298	1.235	1.830	0.399
¹⁵⁷Gd	18.61	27.05	20.60	24.13	13.06	48.99	52.29	6.87	21.40	21.71	20.16	27.66	21.20	40.91	13.90
¹⁵⁹Tb	7.24	9.88	7.77	8.75	5.12	15.69	16.39	2.67	7.41	8.34	7.47	10.73	7.90	13.03	4.65
¹⁶³Dy	97.01	122.36	100.91	109.67	65.72	168.49	170.15	35.16	92.18	106.92	93.12	136.33	98.45	146.38	45.11
¹⁶⁵Ho	37.69	45.96	38.61	41.41	26.82	54.48	52.26	14.07	34.58	40.59	34.92	50.65	37.46	49.19	12.19
¹⁶⁶Er	172.27	203.10	176.73	184.69	124.45	214.97	194.73	69.62	161.81	180.72	155.47	218.66	164.39	194.64	46.24
¹⁶⁶Tm	45.13	51.88	45.97	46.79	33.33	51.10	43.99	20.24	41.67	45.44	40.38	55.47	42.11	45.06	10.90
¹⁷²Yb	535.18	617.11	551.00	547.79	422.97	581.25	475.64	283.62	512.19	528.58	477.09	637.11	492.08	485.27	128.23
¹⁷⁵Lu	100.05	114.43	102.37	101.96	84.01	105.86	78.24	65.12	101.36	95.48	88.44	117.67	90.63	87.80	23.77
¹⁷⁸Hf	9 334.11	9 017.03	10 056.96	9 951.02	9 356.05	9 261.37	8 263.11	9 917.20	9 748.66	8 998.79	7 946.22	10 054.13	9 209.08	6 019.05	8 618.70
¹⁸¹Ta	1.108	1.211	1.500	1.61	0.734	0.674	0.798	0.397	1.250	0.926	0.762	1.740	0.877	0.424	0.480
²³²Th	149.73	177.31	211.88	258.55	106.04	313.88	164.92	113.42	364.70	149.59	86.78	333.74	169.46	67.59	46.05
²³⁸U	346.53	357.54	418.38	463.67	289.12	406.58	351.59	442.43	569.44	351.61	190.36	579.63	377.09	139.77	290.51
Ce^*	16.04	81.34	3.99	73.43	116.01	85.12	15.32	75.95	8.16	21.81	75.67	73.07	25.19	2.11	1.72
Eu^*	0.28	0.29	0.35	0.31	0.38	0.33	0.37	0.52	0.35	0.29	0.32	0.27	0.33	0.24	0.16
	AL03-16	AL03-17	AL03-18	AL03-19	AL03-20	AL03-21	AL03-22	AL03-23	AL03-24	AL03-25	AL03-26	AL03-27	AL03-28	AL03-29	AL03-30
⁴⁹Ti	3.72	3.83	3.32	12.42	7.05	11.01	11.40	2.63	2.03	2.33	3.88	3.57	2.90	6.13	3.92
⁸⁹Y	1 420.71	1 651.60	1 985.24	808.60	3 286.52	721.15	1 569.56	934.91	570.98	1 084.91	1 359.21	1 516.20	980.03	973.57	1 396.37
⁹⁰Zr	465 131.3	460 473.9	462 432.5	467 410.5	463 055.8	476 714.8	469 992.5	466 770.8	463 436.1	462 163.6	478 752.2	468 543.7	482 700.4	486 641.5	489 760.7
⁹³Nb	5.250	8.460	9.950	0.677	4.260	0.831	3.100	3.740	2.240	4.290	5.550	7.800	3.510	2.630	5.980
¹³⁹La	1.490 0	0.270 0	0.117 0	1.130 0	0.076 0	0.017 4	0.541 0	0.052 2	0.072 0	0.011 1	0.039 0	0.022 8	1.370 0	0.019 5	0.883 0
¹⁴⁰Ce	41.10	41.18	55.61	9.51	67.41	5.99	22.16	30.18	23.38	12.34	39.94	35.97	32.66	12.05	41.58
¹⁴¹Pr	0.319 0	0.145 0	0.110 0	0.638 0	0.826 0	0.082 0	0.285 0	0.038 0	0.036 1	0.063 3	0.067 0	0.046 0	0.370 0	0.067 0	0.273 0
¹⁴⁶Nd	3.24	1.97	2.30	5.68	15.06	1.40	3.24	1.18	0.799	1.32	1.56	0.97	2.26	1.51	2.84
¹⁴⁷Sm	6.10	5.47	7.57	7.83	30.49	3.42	7.15	3.21	2.30	3.87	4.86	3.90	3.04	4.46	5.26
¹⁵³Eu	1.920	1.610	2.360	2.800	8.160	1.590	2.600	1.269	0.882	0.199	1.630	1.205	1.124	0.953	1.590
¹⁵⁷Gd	32.30	34.50	43.97	29.60	115.02	15.54	36.74	17.36	13.01	22.44	28.33	23.40	17.49	21.28	28.99
¹⁵⁹Tb	11.38	12.89	16.55	8.64	35.21	5.64	13.34	6.40	4.44	8.56	10.37	9.96	6.69	8.03	10.59
¹⁶³Dy	138.56	163.86	202.52	90.63	371.49	68.59	157.20	82.55	53.64	110.33	129.74	132.80	85.17	96.29	130.07
¹⁶⁵Ho	50.40	59.37	73.14	30.23	118.31	25.66	56.19	31.52	20.04	41.38	47.63	51.92	32.94	35.80	48.71
¹⁶⁶Er	216.57	254.55	303.76	119.21	449.70	113.19	233.53	142.86	88.65	176.82	208.86	240.48	151.89	155.34	215.35
¹⁶⁶Tm	54.05	63.27	73.96	28.19	99.14	28.36	56.42	37.61	22.57	42.27	51.69	62.62	41.24	37.72	54.59
¹⁷²Yb	644.15	708.51	817.84	313.02	1 065.86	327.56	622.93	465.45	281.64	468.54	602.31	747.83	509.66	426.10	637.30
¹⁷⁵Lu	118.93	121.39	136.34	57.87	171.93	61.99	111.33	91.36	53.03	81.36	107.05	139.08	103.82	77.49	119.44
¹⁷⁸Hf	9 204.88	9 583.04	9 201.58	6 589.12	7 582.62	6 711.38	7 167.53	9 346.73	9 878.15	9 320.66	9 328.82	9 310.72	9 502.13	8 372.76	9 474.74
¹⁸¹Ta	1.160	2.350	2.550	0.150	0.975	0.187	0.736	0.845	0.684	1.500	1.550	1.950	0.795	0.673	1.490
²³²Th	415.08	319.27	467.96	35.43	710.61	18.46	124.12	249.5	179.22	107.43	232.71	204.12	166.71	55.00	399.45
²³⁸U	555.05	595.90	768.17	27.25	542.18	28.96	204.18	340.75	253.51	279.21	425.82	486.42	343.07	117.34	560.76
Ce^*	13.52	48.08	91.94	2.57	22.53	19.33	13.06	150.50	106.55	52.26	140.08	188.71	10.66	46.35	19.84
Eu^*	0.34	0.28	0.31	0.50	0.37	0.57	0.40	0.42	0.39	0.05	0.34	0.30	0.37	0.25	0.32

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