Pulsing Impregnated Bits with Low-Temperature Electroplating and Numerical Simulation for Bit Hydraulic Performance
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摘要: 对于特别坚硬、研磨性强、互层频繁、含有石英和砾石夹层的地层, PDC钻头无法钻进, 机械钻速较低, 且破坏形式磨损快, 复合片容易破裂, 因此寿命很低.而牙轮钻头钻进也因为该类地层坚硬等缘故, 钻进效率很低, 并容易造成孔内掉牙轮等事故出现.针对这种问题, 研制了一种低温电铸孕镶脉冲石油钻头, 对钻头的流场进行了数值模拟.该钻头在现场的应用表明, 它具有寿命长、机械钻速高的特点.Abstract: For the strata with features of extreme hardness, strong abrasiveness, high frequency of interbedding, with quartz and gravel interlayer, PDC bit is barely to be employed as a result of low ROP and service life, embodied as fast wear of working layer, easily breaking of diamond compact, etc. The roller bit is not suit for this kind of strata either, and drilling accident might be caused by losing teeth. To solve this problem, the pulsing impregnated petroleum bit with low-temperature electroplating is developed, and numerical simulation is employed for the hydraulic performance of bit flow field. Field applications show that this kind of new bit enjoys the advantage of long service life and high ROP.
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Key words:
- impregnated bit /
- jet flow /
- pulse /
- numerical simulation
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图 7 计算区域相对流速的流线分布
Fig. 7. The flow line distribution of the relative flow velocity on the computing area
图 8 流场不同截面速度分布
a.喷嘴出口截面；b.切削齿中部截面；c.钻头顶部截面
Fig. 8. The distribution of the relative flow velocity on the different section of the flowing field
图 10 普通喷嘴(a)和脉冲喷嘴(b)示意
Fig. 10. The schematic drawing of the common jet (a) and the pulse jet (b)
图 11 低温电铸孕镶脉冲石油钻头出井前后的照片对比
Fig. 11. The pictures of the drill bit before and after drilling
表 1 低温电铸孕镶脉冲石油钻头和牙轮钻头使用效果对比
Table 1. Comparison of drilling effect between the tri-cone bit and the impregnated diamond bit with the pulse jets by low temperature electroplating
层位 钻头型号 井段(m) 泥浆密度(g/cm3) 进尺(m) 纯钻时间(h) 机械钻速(m/h) 自流井组 武汉地大(WHX061) 3 908.30~3 938.01 1.66 29.71 31.75 0.94 自流井组 HJT537GK 3 938.01~3 944.17 1.66 6.16 10.14 0.60 自流井组 SJT637GHL 3 944.17~3 953.32 1.66 9.15 15.66 0.58 自流井组 SJT637GHL 3 953.32~3 961.79 1.66 8.47 12.6 0.67 自流井组 HJT637GL 3 961.79~3 873.40 1.66 11.61 19.2 0.60 
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