中国东海的<sup>224</sup>Ra

门武; 刘广山; 陈敏; 黄奕普

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2011.106

中国东海的²²⁴Ra

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2011.106

门武^{1, 2},
刘广山^1, ,,
陈敏¹,
黄奕普¹

1.
厦门大学海洋与环境学院, 福建厦门 361005
2.
国家海洋局海洋大气化学与全球变化重点实验室, 福建厦门 361005

基金项目:

国家"973"项目 2005CB422300

详细信息

作者简介:
门武(1981-), 男, 博士, 从事同位素海洋学研究

通讯作者:
刘广山, E-mail: lgshan@xmu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P736
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- 文章访问数: 236
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- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2011-03-18
- 网络出版日期: 2021-11-10
- 刊出日期: 2011-06-15

²²⁴Ra in the Seawater of the East China Sea

MEN Wu^{1, 2},
LIU Guang-shan^{1
, ,},
CHEN Min¹,
HUANG Yi-pu¹

1.
College of Oceanography and Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry of State Oceanic Administration (SOA), Third Institute of Oceanography of State Oceanic Administration (SOA), Xiamen 361005, China

摘要

摘要: 用锰纤维富集—射气法测量了东海水体中的²²⁴Ra, 研究了东海夏季和冬季水体中²²⁴Ra的水平与垂直分布, 夏季²²⁴Ra比活度为＜LLD~5.88Bq/m³, 平均值为0.85Bq/m³; 冬季为＜LLD~7.50Bq/m³, 平均值为0.72Bq/m³; 两个季节表层水²²⁴Ra的分布趋势大致相同, 随着离岸距离的增加, 水体中²²⁴Ra的活度很快降低, 高²²⁴Ra浓度海区位于离岸100km的范围内, 为0.5~7.5Bq/m³.黑潮流²²⁴Ra活度最低, ＜0.13Bq/m³.中部陆架水中的²²⁴Ra浓度为0.13~0.50Bq/m³.东海水体中的²²⁴Ra呈现为2种不同的垂直分布形式.利用一维稳态模型, 由水体中²²⁴Ra的水平分布计算出该海域的水平涡动扩散系数为(7.1~88.9)×10⁶cm²/s, 垂直涡动扩散系数为2.18~163cm²/s.利用²²⁴Ra的垂直分布估算了浙江沿岸上升流的流速, 夏季为(8.4~13.3)×10^-3cm/s, 冬季为(16.3~16.8)×10^-3cm/s.
- 东海 /
- ²²⁴Ra /
- 水体混合 /
- 上升流 /
- 海洋地质 /
- 地球化学
Abstract: ²²⁴Ra in the seawater of the East China Sea (ECS) were measured using Mn-fiber adsorption—emanation method. The content level and distribution feature of ²²⁴Ra in sea water in summer and winter were studied. The ²²⁴Ra activities were < LLD~5.88Bq/m³ with an average of 0.85Bq/m³ in the summer and < LLD~7.50Bq/m³ with an average of 0.72Bq/m³ in the winter. Both seasons ²²⁴Ra in the surface water have similar distribution and decreased rapidly with the increasing distance from the coast. The high ²²⁴Ra activity at 0.5-7.5Bq/m³ is located within 30-100km offshore and the lowest activity at < 0.13Bq/m³ was in the Kuroshio Current. The ²²⁴Ra concentrations in the middle shelf are 0.13-0.5Bq/m³. The vertical distributions showed two different characteristics. The horizontal and vertical eddy diffusion coefficients calculated by the one-dimensional state model of ²²⁴Ra were (7.1-88.9)×10⁶cm²/s and 2.18-163cm²/s, respectively. The upwelling rates off Zhejiang were calculated using ²²⁴Ra vertical distribution, which varied between (8.4-13.3)×10^-3cm/s in the summer and (16.3-16.8)×10^-3cm/s in the winter.
- East China Sea /
- ²²⁴Ra /
- water mixing /
- upwelling rate /
- marine geology /
- geochemistry

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图 1 采样站位

Fig. 1. Sampling stations

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图 2 各断面表层水²²⁴Ra的分布(S代表夏季，W代表冬季)

Fig. 2. ²²⁴Ra distributions in the surface water of the East China Sea

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图 3 东海²²⁴Ra的浓度与浊度(a)和盐度(b)的关系

Fig. 3. Correlations between ²²⁴Ra concentration and turbidity (a) or salinity (b) in the seawater of the East China Sea

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图 4 东海²²⁴Ra的垂直分布

Fig. 4. The vertical distributions of ²²⁴Ra in the East China Sea

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图 5 07断面温盐等值分布

Fig. 5. The contour distributions of temperature and salinity in transect 07

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表 1 夏季航次东海水体中的²²⁴Ra浓度

Table 1. ²²⁴Ra concentrations in the seawater of the East China Sea during summer cruise

站位	纬度(°N)	经度(°E)	离岸距离(km)	水深(m)	层位(m)	温度(℃)	盐度	浊度(FTU)	²²⁴Ra (Bq/m³)
S0401	31.64	122.65	72.8	35	0	25.41	24.59	1.16	0.69±0.03
S0402	31.80	123.05	113.4	43	0	25.31	28.55	0.64	0.35±0.02
S0404	32.14	124.00	210.3	44	0	22.53	28.65	0.40	0.35±0.02
S0406	32.53	124.94	308.1	59	0	22.21	30.37	0.40	0.25±0.02
S0406	32.53	124.94	308.1	59	10	21.21	30.15	0.37	0.53±0.03
S0406	32.53	124.94	308.1	59	20	13.16	32.29	0.64	0.54±0.03
S0406	32.53	124.94	308.1	59	30	11.96	32.81	1.95	1.15±0.06
S0406	32.53	124.94	308.1	59	50	11.95	32.92	35.47	1.58±0.08
S0408	32.83	125.74	400.4	94	0	21.42	31.68	0.28	0.18±0.02
S0408	32.83	125.74	400.4	94	10	21.28	31.69	0.28	0.36±0.02
S0408	32.83	125.74	400.4	94	30	14.34	32.98	0.24	0.22±0.02
S0408	32.83	125.74	400.4	94	50	14.17	34.11	5.78	0.35±0.02
S0408	32.83	125.74	400.4	94	75	14.17	34.11	7.45	1.58±0.08
S0501	31.50	122.33	40.8	15	0	25.64	21.36	17.46	3.68±0.18
S0501	31.50	122.33	40.8	15	5	22.46	28.41	80.53	5.15±0.26
S0501	31.50	122.33	40.8	15	12	22.16	29.53	122.16	5.88±0.30
S0502	31.42	122.71	76.5	42	0	25.24	26.97	0.55	0.51±0.02
S0503	31.34	123.17	121.0	37	0	24.65	27.59	0.52	0.80±0.02
S0504	31.26	123.61	164.7	50	0	25.41	28.82	0.18	0.79±0.04
S0505	31.17	124.18	220.1	49	0	25.91	27.98	0.31	0.43±0.02
S0506	31.06	124.72	272.7	51	0	25.16	28.07	0.67	0.41±0.02
S0508	30.84	125.86	368.4	75	0	22.08	32.45	0.70	0.12±0.01
S0508	30.84	125.86	368.4	75	10	21.60	32.62	0.61	0.31±0.02
S0508	30.84	125.86	368.4	75	30	20.68	32.70	0.55	0.24±0.02
S0508	30.84	125.86	368.4	75	50	17.52	33.51	6.11	0.43±0.02
S0508	30.84	125.86	368.4	75	65	17.41	33.58	21.07	1.63±0.08
S0702	29.21	122.46	54.9	56	0	24.34	29.99	1.56	1.86±0.08
S0703	29.10	122.64	76.6	55	0	24.45	31.20	1.84	1.01±0.05
S0703	29.10	122.64	76.6	55	10	23.68	31.50	1.54	0.81±0.04
S0703	29.10	122.64	76.6	55	20	20.07	34.31	0.61	0.84±0.04
S0703	29.10	122.64	76.6	55	30	19.82	34.39	2.02	0.94±0.05
S0703	29.10	122.64	76.6	55	50	19.82	34.39	3.01	1.51±0.07
S0705	28.91	123.09	124.6	70	0	25.82	32.36	0.89	0.56±0.03
S0705	28.91	123.09	124.6	70	10	25.82	32.37	0.95	0.62±0.03
S0705	28.91	123.09	124.6	70	30	24.95	34.08	0.64	0.45±0.03
S0705	28.91	123.09	124.6	70	50	20.08	34.37	4.18	0.40±0.02
S0705	28.91	123.09	124.6	70	64	19.98	34.38	4.95	1.29±0.07
S0707	28.52	123.78	204.8	78.6	0	27.95	32.89	0.21	0.29±0.01
S0708	28.36	124.24	252.5	96	0	28.00	31.97	0.24	0.78±0.04
S0708	28.36	124.24	252.5	96	10	28.00	31.96	0.24	0.32±0.02
S0708	28.36	124.24	252.5	96	30	24.56	33.99	0.24	0.01±0.01
S0708	28.36	124.24	252.5	96	50	23.91	34.09	0.18	＜LLD
S0708	28.36	124.24	252.5	96	65	23.48	34.05	0.15	0.25±0.01
S0708	28.36	124.24	252.5	96	75	19.94	34.35	0.70	1.04±0.05
S0801	27.87	121.25	33.3	18	0	24.41	30.22	5.50	2.47±0.13
S0802	27.75	121.45	55.3	29	0	26.69	31.66	2.53	2.28±0.11
S0804	27.51	121.94	110.1	78	0	26.91	32.82	0.37	0.28±0.01
S0806	27.24	122.48	172.4	98	0	28.51	34.44	0.95	0.14±0.01
S0901	27.08	122.83	211.4	110	0	29.15	33.36	0.18	0.22±0.01
S0903	26.49	122.99			0	28.66	34.15	0.15	0.12±0.01
S0905	25.84	123.15			0	29.58	34.29	0.09	0.25±0.01
S1002	26.72	120.78	57.2	50	0	25.45	32.22	0.98	1.39±0.07
S1003	26.59	121.00	83.1	67	0	27.30	31.62	0.76	0.84±0.11
S1004	26.38	121.30	120.5	79	0	28.18	33.07	8.42	0.51±0.04
S1004	26.38	121.30	120.5	79	10	26.22	32.97	8.43	0.20±0.02
S1004	26.38	121.30	120.5	79	30	25.76	33.21	8.42	0.33±0.03
S1004	26.38	121.30	120.5	79	50	24.91	33.70	1.02	0.58±0.03
S1004	26.38	121.30	120.5	79	60	24.61	34.02	2.15	0.84±0.04
S1004	26.38	121.30	120.5	79	75	24.59	34.02	4.73	1.00±0.05
S1006	25.98	121.93	199.1	110	0	28.65	33.08	0.16	0.21±0.01
S1008	25.55	122.62	281.5	815	0	28.11	33.56	6.06	0.32±0.02
S1008	25.55	122.62	281.5	815	10	27.15	33.65	5.49	0.17±0.01
S1008	25.55	122.62	281.5	815	30	25.51	33.93	5.68	0.19±0.01
S1008	25.55	122.62	281.5	815	50	24.37	34.08	5.43	0.17±0.01
1010	25.19	123.32	360.5	1769	0	29.58	34.29	0.09	0.09±0.01
范围值						111.95~29.58	21.36~34.44	0.09~122.16	＜LLD ~5.88
平均值						23.45	32.05	6.13	0.85

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表 2 冬季航次东海水体中的²²⁴Ra浓度

Table 2. ²²⁴Ra concentrations in the seawater of the East China Sea during winter cruise

站位	纬度(°N)	经度(°E)	离岸距离(km)	水深(m)	层位(m)	温度(℃)	盐度	浊度(FTU)	²²⁴Ra (Bq/m³)
W0402	31.78	123.05	113.4	41	0	10.64	32.51	6.96	1.43±0.14
W0404	32.12	124.00	210.3	45	0	9.89	32.23	4.64	0.47±0.05
W0406	32.53	124.93	308.1	58	0	12.49	33.98	5.86	1.28±0.11
W0408	32.87	125.83	400.4	101	0	15.87	34.35	1.34	0.38±0.03
W0501	31.50	122.33	40.8	15	0	8.24	29.79	53.36	7.50±0.62
W0502	31.42	122.70	76.5	41	0	14.5	33.89	6.84	0.50±0.04
W0503	31.34	123.16	121.0	40	0	12.97	33.43	5.62	0.41±0.03
W0504	31.26	123.61	164.7	51	0	13.5	33.60	3.05	0.37±0.05
W0505	31.16	124.18	220.1	47	0	13.24	33.54	5.86	0.81±0.07
W0506	31.06	124.72	272.7	51	0	13.53	33.64	8.67	0.71±0.07
W0508	30.84	125.69	368.4	76	0	15.64	33.98	4.88	0.31±0.03
W0508	30.84	125.69	368.4	76	10	15.64	33.98	5.13	0.34±0.04
W0508	30.84	125.69	368.4	76	20	15.65	33.98	5.74	0.29±0.05
W0508	30.84	125.69	368.4	76	30	15.66	33.98	5.98	0.39±0.06
W0508	30.84	125.69	368.4	76	40	15.66	33.98	5.98	0.60±0.07
W0508	30.84	125.69	368.4	76	50	15.66	33.98	5.98	1.01±0.09
W0508	30.84	125.69	368.4	76	69	15.69	34.00	6.72	1.22±0.08
W0510	30.64	126.94	489.9	101	0	17.44	34.19	0.37	0.16±0.01
W0512	30.44	127.96	590.2	404	0	19.03	34.59		0.13±0.02
W0513	30.33	128.62	654.7	854	0	18.45	34.56		＜LLD
W0604	31.96	126.94		114	0	17.86	34.49	0.12	0.10±0.01
W0606	31.39	127.62		131	0	18.14	34.47		0.08±0.01
W0608	30.83	128.21		517	0	18.83	34.60		0.07±0.01
W0701	29.34	122.25	30.0	16	0	9.32	28.72	217.3	5.29±0.51
W0703	29.07	122.62	76.6	53	0	13.37	33.73	3.3	0.41±0.04
W0703	29.07	122.62	76.6	53	10	13.36	33.73	3.18	0.25±0.02
W0703	29.07	122.62	76.6	53	20	13.43	33.74	3.42	0.46±0.05
W0703	29.07	122.62	76.6	53	30	13.55	33.79	3.54	0.56±0.06
W0703	29.07	122.62	76.6	53	40	13.63	33.83	3.85	0.58±0.05
W0703	29.07	122.62	76.6	53	50	13.72	33.86	4.15	0.67±0.06
W0705	28.91	123.09	124.6	69	0	16.17	34.57	1.59	0.43±0.04
W0708	28.36	124.24	252.5	97	0	17.32	34.51	0.98	0.20±0.02
W0710	27.91	125.16	355.8	107	0	18.61	34.66	0.86	0.25±0.03
W0712	27.46	126.12	462.8	820	0	22.09	34.68		0.12±0.02
W0802	27.75	121.44	55.3	29	0	11.48	30.78	3.05	1.06±0.11
W0804	27.48	121.91	110.1	79	0	16.85	33.70	0.49	0.50±0.05
W0806	27.24	122.48	172.4	95	0	19.61	34.40	0.12	0.14±0.01
W0901	27.08	122.83	211.4	111	0	19.36	34.65	0.12	0.17±0.02
W1002	26.72	120.78	57.2	52	0	11.85	30.87	1.59	0.98±0.09
W1004	26.38	121.30	120.5	80	0	16.11	33.18	0.61	0.18±0.01
W1004	26.38	121.30	120.5	80	10	15.94	33.18	0.73	0.23±0.01
W1004	26.38	121.30	120.5	80	20	15.80	33.18	1.90	0.24±0.02
W1004	26.38	121.30	120.5	80	30	15.75	33.16	2.81	0.31±0.03
W1004	26.38	121.30	120.5	80	40	15.70	33.16	1.89	0.82±0.07
W1004	26.38	121.30	120.5	80	50	15.75	33.16	2.69	0.92±0.08
W1006	25.98	121.95	199.1	104	0	21.75	34.57		0.28±0.03
W1008	25.55	122.62	281.5	750	0	24.35	34.47		0.03±0.00
W1010	25.18	123.29	360.5	1770	0	24.57	34.66		0.03±0.01
范围值						8.24~24.57	28.72~34.68	0.12~217.34	< LLD~7.50
平均值						15.70	33.60	10.03	0.72

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表 3 东海水体的水平涡动扩散系数(10⁶cm²/s)

Table 3. Horizontal eddy diffusion coefficients of the East China Sea

断面	夏季	冬季
04	21.8	42.2
05	7.1	17.9
07	27.8	31.5
08	24.0	72.4
10	88.9	30.5
范围值	7.1~88.9	17.9~72.4
平均值	33.9	38.9

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表 4 东海水体的垂直涡动扩散系数(cm²/s)

Table 4. Vertical eddy diffusion coefficients of the East China Sea

站位	夏季	冬季
0406	16.9
0408	28.0
0501	15.3
0508	22.0	22.5
0703	84.6	163.0
0705	3.14
0708	2.18
1004	32.4	18.0

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