Structural Characteristics of Turquoise Filled with Aluminum Phosphate Adhesive
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摘要: 疏松绿松石经磷酸铝结合剂浸胶充填处理后，宝石学参数、力学和工艺性质均得到明显改善，与天然绿松石相仿.为查明这类改性绿松石的结构和探讨磷酸铝无机结合剂对绿松石的改善机理，采用环境扫描显微镜(ESEM)、差热分析(TG-DSC)、红外吸收光谱(IR)和X射线粉晶衍射分析方法(XRD)，对此类浸胶充填处理后的绿松石结构、物相及热性质等特征进行了研究.结果显示充填入的磷酸铝结合剂呈凝胶状分布在绿松石微孔隙间，处理后绿松石的分子结构和矿物组构与处理前一致，但产生了一定程度的非晶质化，与磷酸铝结合剂的填充作用有关，即磷酸铝结合剂在固化过程中生成氢，结合形成无机网络高分子结构；处理后绿松石的热反应温度较处理前普遍有所降低，主要是由于添加入的磷酸铝结合剂具有较低的吸热反应温度所致.Abstract: The quality grade, gemology characteristics, cutting and grinding processing of the loosen turquoises filled with aluminum phosphate adhesive are improved distinctly, and consequently they are similar with the natural turquoises. They can not be identified easily by gemmology testing methods. In order to verify the structure of this kind of modified turquoises and discuss the mechanism of the turquoises improved by the aluminium phosphate inorganic adhesive, the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), thermogravimetric and thermal analysis (TG-DSC), infrared spectrum (IR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) have been used to study the structural characteristics, phase, and thermal property of the turquoises filled with aluminum phosphate adhesive. It is indicated that the micro-pores of the turquoises after treatment are completely filled by aluminum phosphate adhesive as gelatinous, and the mineral composition and molecular structure of turquoises show no noticeable changes, but is amorphous in a degree. The amorphous structure is relevant with the filling of aluminum phosphate that is the inorganic polymer network structure forms when the aluminum phosphate adhesive is dehydrated. Moreover, the endothermic and exothermic reaction temperatures of the turquoises after treatment fall in certain degree than the natural ones caused by the addition of aluminum phosphate.
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Key words:
- turquoise /
- aluminum phosphate adhesive /
- structural analysis /
- X ray diffraction analysis /
- gems
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图 2 处理前后绿松石的红外吸收光谱对比
Fig. 2. The IR spectra of the turquoises before and after treatment
图 5 充填处理前后绿松石的差热失重分析曲线
Fig. 5. Different thermal analysis of the turquoises before and after treatment
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