Grain Size Characteristics and Origin of the "Wushan Loess" at Wushan Area
-
摘要: 为了探讨"巫山黄土"的成因, 对剖面样品进行了粒度分析.结果表明: "巫山黄土"主要由 < 50 μm的颗粒组成, ＞50 μm的砂级以上颗粒平均含量为16.9%;作为风尘"基本粒组"的10~50 μm的粗粉砂平均含量达43.1%, 为众数粒组; 5~10 μm的细粉砂颗粒含量平均为14.5%;＜5 μm的粘土颗粒含量平均为25.5%, 为次众数粒组.粒度参数、频率曲线与典型风尘沉积物相似, 显示为典型的风积成因; 粒度参数的C-M、L-M、A-M图等粒度象分析及结构参数散点图与现代河流沉积物差别明显, 而与长江中下游分布的下蜀土却基本一致.判别分析结果绝大部分为负值, 显示了风积成因为主、个别层位受到水流作用改造的成因特征.Abstract: Based on the grain size analyses of "Wushan Loess" at Wushan area, the causes of "Wushan Loess" are discussed in this paper. The results show as follows. The component particles of the "Wushan Loess" are predominantly less than 50 μm with the average content of > 50 μm about 16.9%; the average content of coarse silt (10-50 μm) is 43.1% as the "dominant group" of the "Wushan Loess"; the average content of 5-10 μm group is 14.5% and < 5 μm group makes up 25.5%. The characteristics of grain size parameters and frequency and probability cumulative distribution curves are the same as those of typical atmospheric dust sediment, which shows that the "Wushan Loess" is of aeolian origin. C-M, L-M, A-M chart and statistical indices of grain size distribution are obviously different from those of fluvial sediment and are the same as those of Xiashu Loess distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The most discriminant analysis result is of negative value, which displays that the aeolian origin is prevailing and individual layer is affected by water flow action.
-
图 2 “巫山黄土”(a)与巢湖下蜀土(b)、现代河流沉积物(c)岩性三角
Fig. 2. Clay-silt-sand triangular plots of “Wushan Loess” (a), Xiashu Loess (b), and modern fluvial sediment (c)
图 4 “巫山黄土”与河流沉积物粒度象特征比较
a.C-M图；b.A-M图；c.L-M图；●巫山黄土；△长江现代河流沉积物；A.小于4 μm的粒变百分含量；L.小于31 μm的粒变百分含量
Fig. 4. Comparison of grain size images of "Wushan Loess" and fluvial sediment
图 5 “巫山黄土”、河流沉积物和下蜀黄土参数散点
●巫山黄土(n=289)；△现代河流沉积物(n=67)；+巢湖下蜀土(n=883)；图中n为样品数
Fig. 5. Comparison of scattergram of "Wushan Loess", and Xiashu Loess, and fluvial sediment
图 6 “巫山黄土”(a)和河流沉积物(b)判别函数值
Fig. 6. Y value of grain size distribution of "Wushan Loess" (a) and fluvial sediment (b)
表 1 “巫山黄土”粒度组成与不同沉积类型的比较
Table 1. Comparison of grain size composition of "Wushan Loess" and different sediments
地点 粒级(%) ＞50 μm 10~50 μm 5~10 μm < 5 μm 本文研究的“巫山黄土”(289个样品) 全剖面最大值 33.60 48.20 21.20 32.20 全剖面最小值 12.40 33.60 11.70 20.00 全剖面平均值 16.90 43.10 14.50 25.50 现代河流沉积物(67个样品) 全剖面最大值 91.60 45.40 17.70 7.00 全剖面最小值 30.80 2.30 2.30 0.00 全剖面平均值 77.40 15.80 5.00 1.80 巢湖盆地下蜀土(883个样品) 全剖面最大值 58.61 58.93 25.50 45.05 全剖面最小值 0.29 24.58 4.32 5.58 全剖面平均值 14.07 44.54 16.15 24.60 洛川剖面 黄土 马兰黄土 6.80 53.00 12.50 27.40 离石上部 10.00 52.70 11.00 26.30 离石下部 5.30 50.30 12.30 31.20 古土壤 离石上部 7.10 45.70 12.70 32.00 离石下部 4.80 45.70 12.60 37.80 注：洛川剖面资料来源于刘东生等(1985). 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] An, Z.S., Wang, S.M., Wu, X.H., et al., 1999. Eolian evidence from the Chinese Loess plateau: the onset of the Late Cenozoic great glaciation in the northern hemisphere and Qinghai-Xizang plateau uplift forcing. Science in China (Ser. D), 42(3): 258-271. doi: 10.1007/BF02878963 [2] An, Z.S., Zhang, P.Z., Wang, E.Q., et al., 2006. Changes of the monsoon-arid environment in China and growth of the Tibetan plateau since the Miocene. Quaternary Sciences, 26(5): 678-693 (in Chinese with English abstract). [3] Dai, D.L., Chen, Y.X., 1976. Grain size analysis of sediment and their applications. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, 107-117 (in Chinese). [4] Li, J.J., Fang, X.M., 1999. Uplift of the Tibetan plateau and environmental changes. Chinese Science Bulletin, 44(23): 2117-2124. doi: 10.1007/BF03182692 [5] Li, J.J., Fang, X.M., Pan, B.T., et al., 2001. Late Cenozoic intensive uplift of Qinghai-Xizang plateau and its impacts on environments in surrounding area. Quaternary Sciences, 21(5): 381-391 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/284098400_Late_Cenozoic_intensive_uplift_of_Qinghai-Xizang_Plateau_and_its_impacts_on_environments_in_surrounding_area [6] Liu, D.S., An, Z.S., Zheng, H.H., 1985. Loess and environment. Science Press, Beijing, 191-208 (in Chinese). [7] Liu, X.S., 1983. Quaternary system of the Sichuan basin. Sichuan Science and Technology Publishing House, Chengdu, 95-97 (in Chinese). [8] Lu, H.Y., An, Z.S., 1999. Comparison of grain-size distribution of red clay and loess-paleosol deposits in Chinese Loess plateau. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 17(2): 226-232 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/281333487_Comparison_of_grain-size_distribution_of_red_clay_and_loess-paleosol_deposits_in_Chinese_Loess_Plateau [9] Ke, Y.Y., Yin, H.G., Guo, F., et al., 2007. Origin of the "Wushan Loess" at the Three Gorges area. Yangtze River, 38(9): 72-76 (in Chinese). [10] Pye, K., Tsoar, H., 1987. The mechanics and geological implications of dust transport and deposition in deserts with particular reference to loess formation and dune sand diagenesis in the northern Negev, Israel. Geological Society Special Publication, 35: 139-156. doi: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.10 [11] Shen, Y.C., 1965. Valley land form of upper Yangtze River. Science Press, Beijing, 97-146 (in Chinese). [12] Sun, D.H., Lu, H.Y., 2007. Grain-size and dust accumulation rate of Late Cenozoic aeolian deposits and the inferred atmospheric circulation evolutions. Quaternary Sciences, 27(2): 251-262 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.dsjyj.com.cn/EN/abstract/abstract9257.shtml [13] Sun, D.H., Lu, H.Y., David, R., et al., 2000. Bimode grain size distribution of Chinese Loess and its paleoclimate implication. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 18(3): 327-335 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB200003000.htm [14] Wang, J.M., Wang, Y., Wang, J.L., 2009. Research on granular characteristics of Quaternary deposit in Wushan County. Yangtze River, 40(13): 13-15 (in Chinese). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-RIVE200913007.htm [15] Xie, M., 1991. Loessal deposits in the Three-Gorge area of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River. Geochimica, 9(3): 292-300 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQHX199103010.htm [16] Yang, D.Y., 1991. The Quaternary dust-fall accumulation and the monsoon variability in eastern China. Quaternary Sciences, (4): 354-360 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DSJJ199104006.htm [17] Yu, X.F., Zhou, W.J., Liu, X.Q., et al., 2006. Grain size characteristics of the Holocene peat sediment in eastern Tibetan plateau and its paleoclimatic significance. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 24(6): 864-869 (in Chinese with English abstract). [18] Zhang, Y.X., Chen, D.L., Xue, X.X., et al., 1998. The genetic types of the Late Neogene red clay in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. Journal of Stratigraphy, 22(1): 10-15 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DCXZ801.001.htm [19] Zhang, Y., Zhu, C., Zhang, Q., et al., 2001. Sedimentary environment and eolian deposits in past 3 000 a in Daning Valley of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 21(4): 83-88 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-HYDZ200104018.htm [20] 安芷生, 王苏民, 吴锡浩, 等, 1998. 中国黄土高原的风积证据: 晚新生代北半球大冰期开始及青藏高原的隆升驱动. 中国科学(D辑), 28(6): 481-490. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK199806000.htm [21] 安芷生, 张培震, 王二七, 等, 2006. 中新世以来我国季风-干旱环境演化与青藏高原的生长. 第四纪研究, 26(5): 678-693. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.2006.05.002 [22] 戴东林, 陈庸勋, 1976. 沉积岩(物)粒度分析及其应用. 北京: 地质出版社, 107-117. [23] 李吉均, 方小敏, 1998. 青藏高原隆起与环境变化研究. 科学通报, 43(15): 1569-1574. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.1998.15.001 [24] 李吉均, 方小敏, 潘保田, 等, 2001. 新生代晚期青藏高原强烈隆起及其对周边环境的影响. 第四纪研究, 21(5): 381-391. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.2001.05.001 [25] 刘东生, 安芷生, 郑洪汉, 1985. 黄土与环境. 北京: 科学出版社, 191-208. [26] 刘兴诗, 1983. 四川盆地的第四系. 成都: 四川科学技术出版社, 95-97. [27] 鹿化煜, 安芷生, 1999. 黄土高原红粘土与黄土古土壤粒度特征对比——红粘土风成成因的新证据. 沉积学报, 17(2): 226-232. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0550.1999.02.011 [28] 柯于义, 尹华刚, 郭峰, 等, 2007. 三峡库区"巫山黄土"成因研究. 人民长江, 38(9): 72-76. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4179.2007.09.028 [29] 沈玉昌, 1965. 长江上游河谷地貌. 北京: 科学出版社, 97-146. [30] 孙东怀, 鹿化煜, 2007. 晚新生代黄土高原风尘序列的粒度和沉积速率与中国北方大气环流演变. 第四纪研究, 27(2): 251-262. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.2007.02.010 [31] 孙东怀, 鹿化煜, David, R., 等, 2000. 中国黄土粒度的双峰分布及其古气候意义. 沉积学报, 18(3): 327-335. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0550.2000.03.001 [32] 王建明, 王勇, 王建力, 2009. 巫山第四纪沉积物粒度特征研究. 人民长江, 40(13): 13-15. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4179.2009.13.006 [33] 谢明, 1991. 长江三峡地区的第四纪沉积物. 地球化学, 9(3): 292-300. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.1991.03.011 [34] 杨达源, 1991. 中国东部的第四纪风尘堆积与季风变迁. 第四纪研究, (4): 354-360. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1991.04.007 [35] 于学峰, 周卫健, 刘晓清, 等, 2006. 青藏高原东部全新世泥炭灰分的粒度特征及其古气候意义. 沉积学报, 24(6): 864-869. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0550.2006.06.012 [36] 张云翔, 陈丹玲, 薛祥煦, 等, 1998. 黄河中游新第三纪晚期红粘土的成因类型. 地层学杂志, 22(1): 10-15. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DCXZ801.001.htm [37] 张芸, 朱诚, 张强, 等, 2001. 长江三峡大宁河流域3000年来的沉积环境和风尘堆积. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 21(4): 83-88. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYDZ200104018.htm -
点击查看大图
图(6) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 3243
- HTML全文浏览量: 92
- PDF下载量: 83
- 被引次数: 0
