The Velocity Structure of the Lithosphere and the Origin of Sedimentary Basins in the South China and Northern Margin of the South China Sea
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摘要: 新近地震层析资料表明, 华南和南海北部陆缘岩石圈及下伏的软流层中存在规模宏大的低速异常带, 它们在研究区新生代演化历史中曾发挥重要的控制作用.其中, 岩石圈底面及内部的巨型NW向异常低速带表明中生代末至新生代早期的神狐运动不仅在华南与南海北部陆缘产生NE向张裂构造体系并催生出内陆-陆架-陆坡沉积盆地, 还导致南海海盆的早期扩张.软流层NNW向的异常低速带则反映岩石圈SSE向的蠕动直接导致南海中央海盆的海底扩张及陆缘地区的持续裂解.研究区深部速度结构特征是历史动力过程所残留的痕迹, 华南陆缘和南海北部新生代沉积盆地的形成和发展, 与岩石圈及软流层的结构和运动方式密切相关.Abstract: According to the new CT data, in the paper we show some great abnormal low velocity zones occurring in the lithosphere and upper asthenosphere in the South China and northern margin of the South China Sea (SCS), which played a key role in the Cenozoic evolutionary history. Among them, the zones running NW-SE and existing at the interior and bottom of the lithosphere may result not only in forming a cluster of extensional structures and Cenozoic sedimentary basins in the continental margin of the South China but also in earlier spreading the floor of the SCS, while the deeper NNW zone at the upper asthenosphere mirrors the creep of the lithosphere to SSE that caused directly sea-floor spreading of the central basin of the SCS and the persistent split of the marginal region. The characteristics of the velocity structure are the traces left over by historical deep process in the study area. It is likely that the development of the Cenozoic basins in the South China and northern margin of the SCS results from the structure and movement pattern of lithosphere and asthenosphere.
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Key words:
- continental margin /
- lithosphere /
- velocity structure /
- abnormal low velocity zone /
- the South China Sea
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图 2 岩石圈地震层析剖面(24°N)
Fig. 2. CT section of the lithosphere along 24°N from 105°E to 122°E
图 3 岩石圈地震层析剖面(20°N)
Fig. 3. CT section of the lithosphere along 20°N from 105°E to 122°E
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