长江口及邻近陆架沉积物中Pt、Pd分异的物源示踪

张霄宇; 张富元; 高爱根; 章伟艳

长江口及邻近陆架沉积物中Pt、Pd分异的物源示踪

1.
浙江大学地球科学系, 浙江杭州 310027
2.
国家海洋局海底科学重点实验室，浙江杭州 310012

基金项目:

国家科学技术部科技基础性工作专项 2006FY220400

国家自然科学基金青年基金项目 40706057

浙江省自然科学基金项目 Y506205

详细信息

作者简介:
张霄宇(1972-), 女, 博士﹐副教授, 主要从事地球化学的教学和科研工作.E-mail: zhang_xiaoyu@zju.edu.en

中图分类号: P588.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 3881
- HTML全文浏览量: 110
- PDF下载量: 50
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2008-06-03
- 刊出日期: 2009-07-25

Source Tracing Implication of Pt and Pd Fractionation in the Surface Sediment of Continental Shelf around Changjiang Estuary

1.
Department of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Submarine Geoscience, State 0ceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China

摘要

摘要: Pt/Pd比值在研究区分布呈显著的区域特征.南黄海沿岸流输送物质以Pt/Pd > 1为特征, 为古黄河三角洲来源; 长江流域来源物质以Pt/Pd≤1为特征.长江物源组分的影响范围广, 在125°E、33°N沉积物中还能发现受长江物质的明显影响.除了源岩中Pt、Pd分配因素外, 黄河和长江流域不同类型和程度的风化作用对沉积物中Pt、Pd分异起着关键的控制作用.虽然沉积物中氯含量、粒度效应在一定程度上影响着Pt、Pd分布, 但是没有造成显著的Pt、Pd分馏.Pt/Pd≤1区域中元素组成和长江沉积物的组成特征一致, 呈现比较强的硅质风化作用; Pt/Pd > 1区域沉积物中的元素组成和黄河沉积物一致, K/Na-Rb/Sr图解显示古黄河物质在再侵蚀、搬运和沉积过程中化学成分进一步分异.
- 黄海东海陆架 /
- 沉积物 /
- 铂族元素 /
- Pt/Pd /
- 物源示踪 /
- 沉积学
Abstract: Over the past decades extensive studies on the sediment source tracing and transporting routine of Yellow Sea and East China Sea have been carried out but not yet resolved completely.The present research suggests Pt/Pd ratio is a promising index to distinguish sediments transported from Changjiang and those from Huanghe drainage basins.The erosive sediment of old Huanghe Delta transported by southern Yellow Sea coastal current is characterized by Pt/Pd > 1;land source sediment carried by Changjiang River was characterized by Pt/Pd≤1.The two unique weathering regime in the Chanjiang and Huanghe drainage basins was the key factor causing the fractionation of Pt and Pd in the sediment.The element composition in the sediment of Pt/Pd≤1 corresponds well with that of Changjiang sediments, and the element composition in the sediment of Pt/Pd≤1 is in accordance with that of Huanghe sediments.The K/Na-Rb/Sr diagram suggests that the chemical composition of land source sediment varied during re-erosion and re-transportion and re-sedimentation.
- Yellow Sea and East China Sea /
- sediment /
- PGE /
- Pt/Pd /
- source tracing /
- sedimentology.

HTML全文

图 1 研究区域采样站位分布示意

Fig. 1. The location of sampling stations

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 研究区域内Pt/Pd比值分布趋势

Fig. 2. Distribution tendency of Pt/Pd ratio in the research area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 Pt/Pd≤1区域沉积物中铂、钯和氯的相关性分析

Fig. 3. Relationship between Pt and Cl, Pd and Cl in the sediment of Pt/Pd≤1

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 研究海域粘土、粉砂、砂的分布趋势

Fig. 4. Distribution of clay, silt and sand in the research area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 Pt/Pd比值和粒度相关性分析(以Pt/Pd≤1的长江口区域为例)

●表示粘土; ■表示粉砂; ▲表示砂

Fig. 5. Relationship analysis between grain size and Pt/Pd ratio of Pt/Pd≤1

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 分区内各个元素的分配

Fig. 6. Allocation of different elements between two areas

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 沉积物中K/Na-Rb/Sr图解

口表示Pt/Pd: 表示Pt/Pd≤1区域; ■表示Pt/Pd>1区域; ●表示长江沉积物; ○表示黄河沉积物; ▲表示黄土; ★表示北美页岩平均; ☆表示中国沉积物平均; 底图来自Yang et al.(2004)

Fig. 7. Diagram of K/Na-Rb/Sr of sediments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 铂族元素数据检测评价参数(ng/g)

Table 1. Parameters describing the analytical quality of the PGE data

表 2 研究区域内沉积物中各类元素含量特征值

Table 2. Elemental concentrations in sediments

表 3 主要地质赋存体中Pt.Pd含量和Pt/Pd比值分布

Table 3. Concentration of Pt and Pd and Pt/Pd ratio

参考文献(66)

[1]	Amosse, J., Allibert, M., Fischer, W., et al., 1990. Experimental study of the solubility of platinum and iridium in basic silicate melts-implications for the differentiation of platinum-group elements during magmatic processes. Chemical Geology, 81 (1): 45-53.
[2]	Barnes, S. J., Naldrett, A. J., Gorton, M. P., 1985. The ori-gin of the fractionation of platinum-group elements interrestrial magmas. Chemical Geology, 53: 303-323. doi: 10.1016/0009-2541(85)90076-2
[3]	Chen, Z. H., Shi, X. F., Wang, X. Q., 2000. Distribution characteristics of carbonate as well as Ca, Sr and Ba inthe surface sedi ments in the South Yellow Sea. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 20 (4): 9-16 (in Chi-nese with English abstract).
[4]	Cheng, H. X., Zhao, C. D., Zhuang, G. M., et al., 2003. Geochemical trace for anomaly source of Pt and Pd inLongchang area, western Guizhou Province, China. Geochi mica, 32 (2): 193-200 (in Chinese with Englishabstract).
[5]	Chi, Q. H., Yan, M. C., 2006. Platinum-group element abun-dances in crust, rocks and sedi ments. Geochi mica, 35 (5): 461-471 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/281430846_Platinum-group_element_abundances_in_crust_rocks_and_sediments
[6]	Chih, C. S., Chih, A. H., 2002. ²¹⁰Pb, ¹³⁷Cs and²³⁹, ²⁴⁰Pu inEast China Sea sedi ments: Urces, pathways and budgetsof sedi ments and radionuclides. Marine Geology, 183: 163-178.
[7]	Hattori, K. H., Cameron, E. M., 2004. Using the high mobil-ity of palladiumin surface mediain explorationfor plati-numgroup element deposits: Evidence fromthe Lacde-sIles region, northwestern, Ontario. Economic Geology, 99: 157-171. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/247863849_Using_the_High_Mobility_of_Palladium_in_Surface_Media_in_Exploration_for_Platinum_Group_Element_Deposits_Evidence_from_the_Lac_des_Iles_Region_Northwestern_Ontario
[8]	He, G. W., Sun, X. M., Yang, S. X., et al., 2006. Platinumgroup elements (PGE) geochemistry of polymetallic nodules in CCzone, East Pacific Ocean. Mineral Deposits, 25 (4): 164-174 (in Chinese with English ab-stract).
[9]	Hu, M. H., Stallard, R. F., Edmond, J. M., 1982. Major ionchemistry of some large Chinese rivers. Nature, 298: 550-553. doi: 10.1038/298550a0
[10]	Hu, M. Y., He, H. L., 2005. Determination of platinum-group elements in the geological standard reference ma-terials by isotope Dilution-ICPMS. Journal of ChineseMass Spectrometry Society, 26 (Suppl. ): 9-10 (in Chi-nese with English abstract).
[11]	Jarvis, K. E., Parry, S. J., Piper, J. M., 2001. Temporal andspatial studies of autocatalyst-derived platinum, rhodium, and palladiumand selected vehicle-derived trace ele-ments in the environment. Environmental Science & Technology, 35: 1031-1036.
[12]	Jiang, S. Y., Jing, H. Y., Hong, F. L., et al., 2007. Extreme enrichment of polymetallic Ni-Mo-PGE-Auin Lower Cambrian blackshales of South China: An Osisotope and PGEge-ochemical investigation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 254 (1-2): 217-228. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.03.024
[13]	Lan, X. H., Zhang, X. H., Zhang, Z. X., 2005. Materialsources and transportation of sedi ments in the southernYellow Sea. Transaction of Oceanology and Li mnology, 4: 53-60 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/283688849_Material_sources_and_transportation_of_sediments_in_the_southern_Yellow_Sea
[14]	Lan, X. H., Wang, H. X., Zhang, Z. X., et al., 2006. Distri-butions of rare earth elements and provenance relationsin the surface sedi ments of the South YellowSea. Journal ofthe Chinese Rare Earth Society, 24 (6): 745-749 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1016/S1002-0721(07)60021-0
[15]	Li, Y. H., Teraoka, H., Young, T. S., et al., 1984. The ele-mental composition of suspended particles from theYellow and Yangtze rivers. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 48: 1561-1564. doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(84)90411-3
[16]	Liu, Y. J., Cao, L. M., Li, Z. L., et al., 1984. Elemental Geo-chemistry. Science Press, Beijing, 343-359 (in Chi-nese)
[17]	Lustig, S., Zang, S., Michalke, B., et al., 1996. Transforma-tion behaviour of different platinum compounds in aclay-like humic soil: Speciation investigations. The Science of the Total Environment, 188: 195-204. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(96)05172-8
[18]	Maier, W. D., 2005. Platinum-group element (PGE) depositsand occurrences: Mineralization styles, genetic concepts, and exploration criteria. Journal of African Sciences, 41: 165-191.
[19]	Mc Manus, J., 1988. Grain size determination and interpreta-tion. In: Techniques in Sedi mentology, Blackwell Scien-tific Press, Oxford, 63-85.
[20]	Pu, Y. X., Huang, W. G., Xu, J. P., 2002. The spreading direction change of the Changjiang River diluted water in7-10days. Donghai Marine Science, 20 (2): 1-5 (inChinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DHHY200202000.htm
[21]	Rie, S. H., Toru, F. J. K., Eriko, I., et al., 2007. Platinumgroup element anomalies and bioevents inthe Triassic-Jurassic deep-sea sedi ments of Panthalassa. Palaeo-geography, Palaeocli matology, Palaeoecology, 244: 391-406. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.06.038
[22]	Shen, S. X., Chen, L. R., Gao, L., et al., 1993. Discovery of hol-ocene cyclonic eddy sedi ment and pathway sedi ment in thesouthern yellowsea. Oceanologiaet Limnologia Sinica, 24 (6): 563-570 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://europepmc.org/abstract/CBA/497127
[23]	Suna, S. S., Wallacea, D. A., Hoatsona, D. M., et al., 1991. Use of geochemistry as a guide to platinum group ele-ment potentials of mafic-ultramafic rocks: Examplesfrom the west Pilbara block and Halls Creek mobile zone, western Australia. Precambrian Research, 50 (1-2): 1-35. doi: 10.1016/0301-9268(91)90045-C
[24]	Taylor, S. R., Mclcnnan, S. M., 1985. The continental crust: Its composition and evolution. Blackwell ScientificPress, Oxford, 1-312.
[25]	Turner, A., 2007. Particle-water interactions of platinumgroup elements under estuarine condition. Marine Chemistry, 103: 103-111. doi: 10.1016/j.marchem.2006.08.002
[26]	Turner, A., Crussell, M. C., Mill ward, G. E., et al., 2006. Adsorption kinetics of the platinum group elements inriver water. Environmental Science & Technology, 40: 1524-1531. doi: 10.1021/es0518124
[27]	Vernon, F. H., Martha, S., Minoru, K., et al., 1985. Plati-numand the platinum anomaly in the marine environ-ment. Earth and Planetary Science Letter, 72: 158-162. doi: 10.1016/0012-821X(85)90002-0
[28]	Vos, D., Edwards, J., McDonald, I., et al., 2002. A baselinesurvey of the distribution and origin of platinum groupelements in contemporary fluvial sedi ments of the Kent-ish Stour, England. Applied Geochemistry, 17: 1115-1121. doi: 10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00010-0
[29]	Wang, K. S., Shi, X. F., Wang, G. Q., 2006. A preli minarystudy on the sedi ment color reflectance in the southern Yellow Sea shelf area. Advances in Marine Science, 24 (1): 30-38 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[30]	Wedepohl, K. H., 1995. The composition of the continentalcrust. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 59 (7): 1217-1232. doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00038-2
[31]	Wei, C., Morrison, G. M., 1994. Platinumin road dusts andurban river sedi ments. The Science of the Total Environment, 146 (47): 169-174.
[32]	Whiteley, J. D., Murray, F., 2003. Anthropogenic platinumgroup element (Pt, Pd and Rh) conentrations in roaddusts and roadside soils from Perth, western Australia. The Science of the Total Environment, 317: 121-135. doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00359-0
[33]	Xia, Q. L., Zhao, P. D., Chen, Y. Q., et al., 2008. Ni-Mo-V-PGE mineralization in the lower cambrian black shale seriesfrom the Deze area, Yunnan Province, Southwest China. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 33 (1): 67-73 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2008.009
[34]	Yan, M. C., Chi, Q. H., 1997. The chemical composition ofcrust and rock in eastern China. Science Press, Beijing, 257-260 (in Chinese).
[35]	Yang, S. Y., Li, C. X., 1999. REE geochemistry and tracingapplication in the Yangtze River and the Yellow Riversedi ments. Geochimica, 28 (4): 374-380 (in Chinesewith English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQHX199904008.htm
[36]	Yang, S. Y., Jung, H. S., Li, C. X., 2004. Two unique weath-ering regi mes in the Changjiang and Huanghe drainage basins: Geochemical evidence from river sedi ments. Sedi mentary Geology, 164: 19-34. doi: 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2003.08.001
[37]	Yang, Y. L., Liu, Z. X., Shen, C. D., et al., 2007. Be isotopes insurface sedi ments fromthe southern Yellow Sea, the EastChina Sea continental shelf andin a sedi ment core fromthenorthern Okinawa trough. Quaternary Sciences, 27 (4): 529-538 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DSJJ200704007.htm
[38]	Yi, F. C., Yang, J., Hou, L. J., et al., 2004. Origin and geo-chemistry of platinumgroup elements of Lower Cambri-an black shale series in northern Guizhou. Chinese Journal of Geology, 39 (3): 367-374 (in Chinese with Eng-lish abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZKX200403006.htm
[39]	Yin, X. Z., Liu, W. Z., Lan, X. H., et al., 2007. Detrital min-erals and geochemistry of the surface soft sedi ments andtheir provenance, South Yellow Sea, China. Journal ofJilin University (Earth Science Edition), 37 (3): 491-499 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[40]	Zhang, J., 1999. Heavy metal compositions of suspended sed-i ments in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) estuary: Sig-nificance of riverine transport to the ocean. ContinentalShelf Research, 19: 1521-1543.
[41]	Zhang, J., Huang, W. W., Letolle, R., et al., 1995. Major el-ement chemistry of the Huanghe (Yellow River), Chi-na—weathering processes and chemical fluxes. Journalof Hydrology, 168: 173-203. doi: 10.1016/0022-1694(94)02635-O
[42]	Zhang, J., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, W. Y., et al., 2006. Thecharacteristics of surface sedi ment types and distribu-tions in the sea area between Shandong and Jiangsuprovinces. Journal of Marine Science, 24 (3): 41-51 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[43]	Zhang, W. B., Wei, J. W., Shi, X. F., 2006. Application of the rmoluminescence to the study on surface sedi mentsfromthe southern Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. Advances in Marine Science, 24 (2): 181-187 (in Chi-nese with English abstract).
[44]	Zhu, C., Pan, J. M., Lu, B., et al., 2005. Compositional fea-ture of n-alkanes in modern sedi ment from theChangjiang estuary and adjacent area andits i mplicationto transport and distribution of organic carbon. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 27 (4): 59-67 (in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
[45]	Zhu, G. H., Brooks, J. M., 1989. Studying on source of or-ganic sedi ment in the Changjiang estuary and adjacent continental shelf by three di mensional total scanning fluorescence. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 7 (1): 117-125 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[46]	陈志华, 石学法, 王相芹, 2000. 南黄海表层沉积物碳酸盐及Ca、Sr、Ba分布特征. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 20 (4): 9-16. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYDZ200004002.htm
[47]	成杭新, 赵传冬, 庄广民, 等, 2003. 贵州西部龙场地区水系沉积物Pt、Pd异常源地球化学示踪的初步研究. 地球化学, 32 (2): 193-200. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.2003.02.014
[48]	迟清华, 鄢明才, 2006. 铂族元素在地壳、岩石和沉积物中的分布. 地球化学, 35 (5): 461-471. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.2006.05.001
[49]	何高文, 孙晓明, 杨胜雄, 等, 2006. 东太平洋CC区多金属结核铂族元素(PGE) 地球化学及其意义. 矿床地质, 25 (4): 164-174. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KCDZ200602005.htm
[50]	胡明月, 何红蓼, 2005. 同位素稀释-ICPMS法测定地质标准物质中铂族元素. 质谱学报, 26 (增刊): 9-10. https://cpfd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CPFDTOTAL-ZPXB200510001009.htm
[51]	蓝先洪, 张训华, 张志, 2005. 南黄海沉积物的物质来源及运移研究. 海洋湖沼通报, 4: 53-60. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-6482.2005.04.008
[52]	蓝先洪, 王红霞, 张志, 等, 2006. 南黄海表层沉积物稀土元素分布与物源关系. 中国稀土学报, 24 (6): 745-749. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4343.2006.06.020
[53]	刘英俊, 曹励明, 李兆麟, 等, 1984. 元素地球化学. 北京: 科学出版社, 343-359.
[54]	浦泳修, 黄韦艮, 许建平, 2002. 长江冲淡水扩展方向的周、旬时段变化. 东海海洋, 20 (2): 1-5. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2002.02.001
[55]	申顺喜, 陈丽蓉, 高良, 等, 1993. 南黄海冷涡沉积和通道沉积的发现. 海洋与湖沼, 24 (6): 563-570. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0029-814X.1993.06.001
[56]	王昆山, 石学法, 王国庆, 2006. 南黄海陆架沉积物颜色反射率的初步研究. 海洋科学进展, 24 (1): 30-38. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6647.2006.01.004
[57]	夏庆霖, 赵鹏大, 陈永清, 等, 2008. 云南德泽下寒武统黑色岩系中Ni-Mo-V-PGE多金属矿化. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 33 (1): 67-73. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200801012.htm
[58]	杨守业, 李从先, 1999. 长江与黄河沉积物REE地球化学及示踪作用. 地球化学, 28 (4): 374-380. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.1999.04.008
[59]	杨永亮, 刘振夏, 沈承德, 等, 2007. 南黄海、东海陆架及冲绳海槽北部沉积物的10Be和9Be记录. 第四纪研究, 27 (4): 529-538. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.2007.04.008
[60]	鄢明才, 迟清华, 1997. 中国东部地壳与岩石的化学组成. 北京: 科学出版社, 257-260.
[61]	易发成, 杨剑, 侯兰杰, 等, 2004. 黔北黑色岩系的铂族元素地球化学特征及成因探讨. 地质科学, 39 (3): 367-374. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0563-5020.2004.03.007
[62]	尹秀珍, 刘万洙, 蓝先洪, 等, 2007. 南黄海表层沉积物的碎屑矿物地球化学特征及物源分析. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 37 (3): 491-499. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CCDZ200703011.htm
[63]	张杰, 张富元, 章伟艳, 等, 2006. 苏鲁交界海域表层沉积物类型和分布特征. 海洋学研究, 24 (3): 41-51. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2006.03.005
[64]	张伟滨, 魏建伟, 石学法, 2006. 热释光在南黄海、东海表层沉积物研究中的应用. 海洋科学进展, 24 (2): 181-187. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6647.2006.02.006
[65]	朱纯, 潘建明, 卢冰, 等, 2005. 长江口及邻近海域现代沉积物中正构烷烃分子组合特征及其对有机碳运移分布的指示. 海洋学报, 27 (4): 59-67. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-4193.2005.04.008
[66]	朱桂海, Brooks, J. M., 1989. 三维全扫描荧光法探讨长江口邻近陆架有机沉积物来源. 沉积学报, 7 (1): 117-125. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB198901013.htm