Ore-Forming Genesis and Model of Eastern Liaoning Borate Deposits
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摘要: 为了解辽东硼矿的成矿机制及建立成矿模式, 分析了含硼岩系、镁质容矿岩石、区域变质作用及混合岩化作用、构造等四大控矿因素, 发现含硼岩系具富硼特征, 容矿岩石具富镁特点并可成为硼质的沉淀剂, 含硼岩系中硼在区域变质和混合岩化过程中得到进一步活化形成含硼热液, 含硼热液在有利的构造空间交代镁质岩石即可形成镁硼酸盐型硼矿.含硼岩系、镁质容矿岩石是硼矿形成的物质基础, 区域变质及混合岩化作用、构造活动是硼矿形成的必要条件.辽东硼矿成矿模式为原始火山-沉积初始富集和部分熔融含硼热液交代镁质岩石.Abstract: In order to figure out the genesis and the model of eastern Liaoning borate deposits, the four main controlling factors including boron-bearing rock system, magnesian host rocks, regional metamorphism and migmatitization, and tectonism are studied. It reveals that the boron-bearing rock system is rich in boron, the host rocks of the borate deposits in magnesium and is the precipitator for boron; besides, the boron of the boron-bearing rock system has gotten more active and a lot of boron-bearing fluid formed in the course of the regional metamorphism and migmatitization of the boron-bearing rock sys tem; while the magnesium borate deposits have formed in the metasomatism of the boron-bearing fluid with magnesian hosting rocks in favorable structural space. Thus, the boron-bearing rock system and the magnesian rocks are the foundation of the borate deposits, whereas regional metamorphism and migmatitization and tectonism are the necessary conditions. Oreforming model of eastern Liaoning borate deposits is the primary enrichment of the eovolcanic sediment and the metamorphic hydrothermal replacement between some boron-bearing fluid and the magnesian rocks during the process of regional metamorphism and migmatitization and tectonism.
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图 1 辽东吉南主要硼矿区地质略图
Ⅰ.太古宙陆核; Ⅱ.裂谷斜坡区; Ⅲ.裂谷中央凹陷区
Fig. 1. Geological sketch map of boron deposits in eastern Liaoning and South Jinan areas
图 2 含硼岩系微量元素原始地幔标准化图解
Fig. 2. Mantle-normalized patterns of trace elements of boron-bearing rocks
图 3 岩石、矿石照片
a.纹层状电气石岩; b.后仙峪硼区镁橄榄岩呈层状分布于电气石变粒岩(下部)和浅粒岩(上部)之间; c.硼矿体脉穿插于镁橄榄岩中; d.硼矿中镁橄榄岩残留体; e.菱镁矿大理岩中镁橄榄岩球粒; f.蛇纹石(N18)交代镁橄榄石(N17), 蛇纹石又被菱镁矿(N19)交代, 其中N17、N18、N19为电子探针号; g.柱状的硼镁铁矿发育在橄榄玄武岩中; h.遂安石交代镁橄榄石, 遂安石又被后期的纤维状硼镁石交代
Fig. 3. Pictures of the rocks and ores
图 4 含硼岩系构造形变演化示意图
1.辽吉花岗岩; 2.古元古界砂岩; 3.古元古界火山沉积-镁质碳酸岩; 4.古元古界杂砂岩
Fig. 4. Sketch map showing the evolutional of structural de-formation of boron-bearing rocks
图 5 后仙峪地区22号勘探线剖面图(刘敬党, 2006)
1.辽河群里尔峪组一段条带状混合岩和混合质磁铁微斜浅粒岩; 2.辽河群里尔峪组二段电气石变粒岩(含镁橄榄岩和硼矿岩段); 3.辽河群里尔峪组三段浅粒岩; 4.镁橄榄岩; 5.硼矿体; 6.断层
Fig. 5. Geogical map showing the section along No.22 exploration line in the Houxianyu boron deposits
图 6 后仙峪硼矿V号矿体横向剖面图⑥
(1)黑云变粒岩; (2)电英岩; (3)金云母岩; (4)透闪岩化镁橄榄岩; (5)蛇纹岩: (6)硼镁石; (7)硼镁石、遂安石: (8)遂安石
Fig. 6. Sketch picture showing the cross section of V body in the Houxianyu borate deposits
图 7 含硼岩系中各类镁质岩石的主要氧化物对比
Fig. 7. Comparison of major oxides of all kinds of magnesian rocks in boron-bearing rocks
图 8 辽东硼矿成矿模式
1.里尔峪组变粒岩; 2.里尔峪组大理岩; 3.高家峪组岩石; 4.混合花岗岩; 5.中酸性火山岩; 6.基性-超基性火山岩; 7.火山喷发通道; 8. 硼矿体; 9.硼元素; 10.镁元素; 11.断裂; 12.地质界线
Fig. 8. The model of ores-forming of eastern Liaodong borate deposits
表 1 辽东硼矿含硼岩系微量元素组成和硼的富集系数(Cd单位为10-9; 其余为10-6)
Table 1. Compositions of trace elements and concentrated coefficient of boron-bearing rocks in eastern Liaoning boron deposits
表 2 辽东硼矿镁质岩石化学组成(%)
Table 2. Major element composition of magnesian rocks in eastern Liaodong boron deposits
表 3 辽东硼矿床硼矿物硼同位素组成
Table 3. Boron isotopic components of boron-bearing minerals in eastern Liaodong borate deposits
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