末次盛冰期以来西沙海槽天然气水合物储库变化及其对环境的影响

王淑红; 颜文; 宋海斌

末次盛冰期以来西沙海槽天然气水合物储库变化及其对环境的影响

王淑红^{1, 3,},
颜文^{1, 3},
宋海斌^{2, 3}

1.
中国科学院南海海洋研究所边缘海地质重点实验室，广东广州 510301
2.
中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所，北京 100029
3.
中国科学院广州天然气水合物研究中心，广东广州 510640

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 40706022

国家自然科学基金 40676043

中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目 KZCX2-YW-211

中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室基金 MSGL0703

详细信息

作者简介:
王淑红（1977—）, 助理研究员从事海洋天然气水合物研究．E-mail：wshhsbq＠scsio.ac.cn

中图分类号: P736.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2007-05-16
- 刊出日期: 2008-02-25

The Change of Gas Hydrate Reservoir and Its Effect on Environment in Xisha Trough since the Last Glacial Maximum

WANG Shu-hong^{1, 3
,},
YAN Wen^{1, 3},
SONG Hai-bin^{2, 3}

1.
Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
2.
Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beij ing 100029, China
3.
Guangzhou Center for Gas Hydrate Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

摘要

摘要: 利用Milkov和Sassen的模型计算了目前及末次盛冰期时西沙海槽天然气水合物的稳定带(GHSZ) 厚度及资源量, 讨论了末次盛冰期以来海洋底水温度增加和海平面升高对西沙海槽天然气水合物储库变化的影响.计算结果表明, 底水温度增加使GHSZ厚度减薄, 资源量减少; 而海平面上升使GHSZ厚度增加, 资源量增加, 但底水温度变化对GHSZ厚度和资源量的影响比海平面变化的影响更大.西沙海槽末次盛冰期时GHSZ平均厚度约为299m, 天然气水合物资源量约为2.87×10¹⁰m³, 甲烷数量约为4.71×10¹²m³; 目前的GHSZ平均厚度约为287m, 天然气水合物资源量约为2.76×10¹⁰m³, 甲烷数量约为4.52×10¹²m³.由此可见, 自末次盛冰期以来西沙海槽的GHSZ平均厚度减薄了~12m, 大约1.1×10⁹m³的天然气水合物分解释放了1.9×10¹¹m³的甲烷, 这些甲烷可能对环境产生了重要影响.
- 天然气水合物 /
- 末次盛冰期 /
- 底水温度 /
- 海平面 /
- 西沙海槽
Abstract: In this article, Milkov and Sassen's model is selected to calculate the thickness of the gas hydrate stable zone (GHSZ) and the amount of gas hydrate in the Xisha Trough at present and at the last glacial maximum (LGM), respectively, and the effects of the changes in the bottom water temperature and the sea level on these were also discussed. The average thickness of the GHSZ in Xisha Trough is estimated to be 287 m and 299 m based on the relationship between the GHSZ thickness and the water depth established in this study at present and at LGM, respectively. Then, by assuming that the distributed area of gas hydrates is 8 000 km2 and that the gas hydrate saturation is 1.2% of the sediment volume, the amounts of gas hydrate are estimated to be ~2.76×10¹⁰ m³ and ~2.87×10¹⁰ m³, and the volumes of hydrate-bound gases are ~4.52×10¹² m³ and ~4.71×10¹² m³ at present and at LGM, respectively. The above results show that the thickness of GHSZ decreases with the bottom water temperature increase and increases with the sea level increase, wherein the effect of the former is larger than that of the latter, that the average thickness of GHSZ in Xisha Trough had been reduced by ~12 m, and that 1.9×1011 m³ of methane is released from approximately 1.1×109 m³ of gas hydrate since LGM. The released methane should have greatly affected the environment.
- gas hydrate /
- last glacial maximum (LGM) /
- bottom water temperature /
- sea level /
- Xisha Trough

HTML全文

图 1 西沙海槽地理位置(杨涛等, 2006)

Fig. 1. Location of the Xisha Trough

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图 2 南海底水温度与水深关系图(a)和西沙海槽天然气水合物相平衡曲线(b)

Fig. 2. Plot of bottom water temperature vs. water depth in South China Sea (a) and phase-equilibrium curves of gas hydrates in Xisha Trough (b)

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图 3 西沙海槽末次盛冰期及目前GHSZ厚度与水深关系图

Fig. 3. Calculated thickness of GHSZ vs.water depth at LGM and present in Xisha Trough

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图 4 西沙海槽末次盛冰期时(a)和目前(b) 天然气水合物稳定带等厚度图(单位: m)

Fig. 4. Maps of the calculated thickness of the GHSZ (in meters) of Xisha Trough at LGM (a) and at present (b)

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