Migration and Accumulation Efficiency of Natural Gas in Feixianguan Formation Oolitic Gas Reservoirs, Northeastern Sichuan Basin
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摘要: 设计进行了封闭体系下原油裂解成气的模拟实验, 建立并标定了原油裂解成气及其碳同位素分馏的化学动力学模型, 以罗家寨气田罗家7井为例分别进行了地质应用.生烃动力学研究发现, 飞仙关组古油藏具备“高效气源灶”的特点, 原油在中晚侏罗世172~151Ma约20Ma时期内裂解殆尽, 且原油裂解气的生成与其运聚成藏作用具有良好的时空匹配关系, 由此可促成飞仙关组气藏天然气的高效运聚.碳同位素分馏动力学研究证实甲烷成藏参与率达87%.利用生烃动力学与碳同位素分馏动力学结合的方法对天然气的运聚效率进行探讨是一个新的有效途径.Abstract: An oil cracking experiment in a closed system was designed and carried out.Based on this, kinetic models for describing gas generation from oil cracking and carbon isotope fractionation during this process were established, calibrated and then applied to Luojia 7 well located in the Luojiazhai gas field respectively.From the hydrocarbon generation kinetics research, it is found that Feixianguan Formation ancient oil reservoirs are "high efficiency gas sources".Their oil almost cracked completely in only about 20Ma, the period of 172-151Ma in the Middle-Late Jurassic.And along vertical faults, the oil-cracking gas migrated fast into the Feixianguan Formation oolitic reservoir with a high porosity and permeability and sealed perfectly by gypsum caprocks in the fourth member of Feixianguan Formation, Jialingjiang Formation and Leikoupo Formation.Consequently, a highly efficienct migration and accumulation of natural gas could be formed.Carbon isotope fractionation kinetics research proves that the accumulation participation rate of methane amounts to 87%.It is a new and effective method to evaluate the migration and accumulation efficiency of natural gas with a combination of hydrocarbon generation kinetics and carbon isotope fractionation kinetics.
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图 1 飞仙关组原油裂解成甲烷(a)、总气(C1-C5) (b) 的转化率曲线及油成甲烷的碳同位素值演化曲线(c)
Fig. 1. Transformation ratio curves of methane (a) and total gas (C1-C5) (b) from the cracking of Feixianguan Formation oil, and carbon isotope value evolvement curves of the methane (c)
图 2 飞仙关组原油裂解成甲烷(a)、总气(C1-C5) (b) 反应活化能分布
Fig. 2. Hydrocarbon generation activation energy distribution of methane (a) and total gas (C1-C5) (b) generated from the cracking of Feixianguan Formation oil
图 3 罗家寨气田罗家7井飞仙关组沉积埋藏史(a) 与热史(b) (黄先平和王世谦, 2002)
Fig. 3. Burial (a) and thermal (b) histories of Feixianguan Formation of Luojia 7 well in the Luojiazhai gas field
图 4 罗家7井飞仙关组古油藏原油裂解成甲烷(a)、总气(C1-C5) (b)、重烃气(C2-C5) (c) 转化率曲线
Fig. 4. Transformation ratio curves of methane (a), total gas (C1-C5) (b) and heavy hydrocarbon gas (C2-C5) (c) from oil cracking of Feixianguan Formation ancient oil reservoir of Luojia 7 well in the Luojiazhai gas field
图 5 罗家7井飞仙关组古油藏原油不同地质时期至今累积裂解所生天然气的甲烷碳同位素值曲线
Fig. 5. Carbon isotope value curve of methane cumulatively generated from oil cracking of Feixianguan Formation ancient oil reservoir of Luojia 7 well from different geological times to the present
表 1 飞仙关组油样裂解生气反应化学动力学参数（A＝1× 1013 s-1）
Table 1. Chemical kinetic parameters of methane generation from the cracking of Feixianguan Formation oil
表 2 川东北飞仙关组气藏天然气碳同位素组成(谢增业等, 2004a
Table 2. Stable carbon isotope composition of Feixianguan Formation natural gas in the northeastern Sichuan basin
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