Abnormal Carbonic Clay and Its Significance in Relation to Geological Hazards in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Yangtze River
-
摘要: 在长江三峡工程库区巫山、奉节、云阳等新县城进行工程地质勘察过程中, 发现在长江岸坡地带存在含炭粘土沉积.对部分含炭粘土进行了14C年龄测定, 年龄测定结果与该含炭粘土层所在高程相当的阶地形成年代不一致, 含炭粘土为非正常沉积.非正常含炭粘土的存在与发现, 一方面揭示出巫山等移民新县城斜坡经历了非正常的形成演化; 另一方面说明长江三峡河谷演化过程中夹杂着突发的地质灾害事件.Abstract: Carbonic clay was discovered on the banks of Yangtze River during geological engineering investigations in the new towns of Wushan, Fengjie and Yunyang counties in the Three Gorges reservoir area, Yangtze River, China.The age of the carbonic clay was estimated by 14C dating.The results indicate that there is a considerable discrepancy in the age of the carbonic clay and the age of the terrace, located at the same altitude.The carbonic clay proves to represent sediment from an abnormal environment.The discovery of the abnormal carbonic clay indicates that the formation and evolution of the slope along the Yangtze River, in immigrant settlement regions (such as Wushan), is abnormal.It also shows that there were outbreaks of geological hazards in the evolutionary history of the Yangtze River valley in the Three Gorges reservoir area.
-
Key words:
- Three Gorges reservoir of Yangtze River /
- carbonic clay /
- 14C dating /
- geological hazard
-
图 1 巫山新城区含炭粘土揭露点分布
Fig. 1. Distribution map of carbonic clay in the new town of Wushan
图 2 西坪职中钻孔(YH46)位置和YH46钻孔柱状图
Fig. 2. Location and column of borehole YH46 iniping Vocational School
图 3 巫山YH46钻孔(a)和云阳师专BZK1钻孔(b)含炭粘土层位、同位素年龄、坡体结构与阶地对比
Fig. 3. Comparison diagram of dating ages between the layers of carbonic clay of borehole YH46 and the terraces at the same altitude in Wushan (a) and in Yunyang (b)
表 1 巫山、云阳炭质粘土年龄测定结果
Table 1. Results of14C dating of carbonic clay of Wushan and Yunyang
-
[1] Chai, H. J., Liu, H. C., Zhang, Z. Y., 2000. New progress of the study of landslide damming and its environment effects. Geological Science and Technology Information, 19(2): 87-90(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZKQ200002022.htm [2] Chai, H. J., Liu, H. C., Zhang, Z. Y., et al., 2000. The distribution, causes and effects of damming landslides in China. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology, 27(3): 302-307. http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-CDLG200003017.htm [3] Changjiang Istitute of Plan and Design of Changjiang Water Resources Committee (CDICWRC), 2002a. Engineering geology investigation of Yuhuangge landslide in the new county town of Wushan of Chongqing in the reservoir area of the Three Gorges Project. Research report. CDICWRC, Wuhan, China (in Chinese). [4] Changjiang Istitute of Plan and Design of Changjiang Water Resources Committee (CDICWRC), 2002b. Engineering geology investigation of bank collapsing prevention in the new county town of Fengjie of Chongqing in the reservoir area of the Three Gorges Project. Research report. CDICWRC, Wuhan, China (in Chinese). [5] Comprehensive Reconnaissance Bureau of Changjiang Water Resources Committee (CRBCWRC), 1997. Geology investigation of new sites for Wushan towns and villages. Research report. CR BCWRC, Wuhan, China (in Chinese). [6] Comprehensive Reconnaissance Bureau of Changjiang Water Resources Committee (CRBCWRC), 2001. Engineering geology investigation of landslide control and bank collapsing prevention in the former town of Yunyang of Chongqing in the reservoir area of the Three Gorges Project. Research report. CR BCWRC, Wuhan, China (inChinese). [7] Deng, Q. L., Wang, X. P., 2000. Growth history of Huangtupo landslide: Down-slope overlapping-landsliding-modification. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 25(1): 44-50(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200001009.htm [8] Deng, Q. L., Zhu, Z. Y., Cui, Z. Q., et al., 2000. Mass rock creep and landsliding on the Huangtupo slope in the reservoir area of the Three Gorges Project, Yangtze River, China. Engineering Geology, 58(1): 67-83. doi: 10.1016/S0013-7952(00)00053-3 [9] He, M. C., Cui, Z. Q., Chen, H. H., et al., 1998. Study of tectonic deformation field for Wushan paleo-landslide system in the Three Gorges reservoir area. Journal of Engineering Geology, 6(2): 97-102(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-GCDZ802.000.htm [10] Hu, X. L., Potts, D. M., Zdravkovic, L., et al., 2007. Jinle landslide stability under water level fluctuation of Three Gorges reservoir. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 32(3): 403-408(in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1007/s11442-007-0020-2 [11] Jiao, W. Q., Yin, J. H., Zheng, Y. G., et al., 1998. The radiocarbon dating technology of high precision. Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology, 18(6): 419-424(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-HERE806.003.htm [12] Korup, O., 2002. Recent research on landslide dams-A literature review with special attention to New Zealand. Progress in Physical Geography, 26(2): 206-235. doi: 10.1191/0309133302pp333ra [13] Korup, O., 2004. Geomorphometric characteristics of New Zealand landslide dams. Engineering Geology, 73(1-2): 13-35. doi: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2003.11.003 [14] Liu, C. Z., 2000. The study on development process of slope in the connected part between Chuan and Bia Rivers in Changjiang River. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 11(1): 50-54, 49(in Chinese with English abstract). [15] Liu, C. Z., 2003. Geohazards in the Three Gorges reservoir region. Geotechnical Engineering World, 6(6): 23-24(in Chinese with English abstract). [16] Sun, Y. Z., Zhang, Y. M., 2007. Dynamic characteristics of underground water inthe horizontally layered landslides of the Three Gorges reservoir region. Resources and Environment Engineering, 21(3): 298-301(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-HBDK200703019.htm [17] Tian, L. J., Li, P. Z., Luo, Y., 1996. The development history of rivers and valeys in the Three Gorges reservoir region. Southwest Jiaotong University Press, Chengdu, (in Chinese). [18] Yang, D. Y., 1988a. The origin and evolution of the Three Gorges of the Changjiang River. Journal of Nanjing University, 24(3): 466-473(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-NJDZ198803009.htm [19] Yang, D. Y., 1988b. Genetic mechanism of the alluvial terraces along the Three Gorges course of the Changjiang River. Acta Geographica Sinica, 43(2): 120-126(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DLXB198802002.htm [20] Yin, Y. P., 2004. Review of research on prevention and control of some huge and fatal geo-hazards in the reservoir area of the Three Gorges Project. Geotechnical Engineering World, 7(8): 20-26(in Chinese with English abstract). [21] Yin, Y. P., Zhang, J. G., Chen, B. S., et al., 2000. Formation mechanism of large-scale loose sediment at the relocation sites of Wushan County on the Three Gorges. Journal of Engineering Geology, 8(3): 265-271(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-GCDZ200003001.htm [22] Zhang, J. G., 1999. Research on landslide in the middle sector of the newly bult Wushan County on the Three-Gorges. Journal of Engineering Geology, 8(4): 433-437(in Chinese with English abstract). [23] Zhang, J. G., 2002. Types of karst landformin mud limestone terrain and their genesis-A case study from Three Gorge region. Chinese Journal of Geology, 37(3): 288-294(in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1080/12265080208422884 [24] 柴贺军, 刘汉超, 张倬元, 2000. 大型崩滑堵江事件及环境研究综述. 地质科技情报, 19(2): 87-90. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7849.2000.02.021 [25] 长江水利委员会长江勘测规划设计研究院, 2002a. 重庆市三峡库区巫山县玉皇阁崩滑堆积体工程地质勘察报告. 武汉: 长江水利委员会. [26] 长江水利委员会长江勘测规划设计研究院, 2002b. 重庆市三峡库区奉节县新城区坍岸治理工程地质勘察报告. 武汉: 长江水利委员会. [27] 长江水利委员会综合勘测局, 1997. 长江三峡水利枢纽库区巫山县迁建城镇新址地质论证报告(详勘). 武汉: 长江水利委员会. [28] 长江水利委员会综合勘测局, 2001. 长江三峡工程库区重庆市云阳县老县城西城滑坡与塌岸防治工程预可行性研究勘察报告. 武汉: 长江水利委员会. [29] 邓清禄, 王学平, 2000. 黄土坡滑坡的发育历史: 坠覆-滑坡-改造. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 25(1): 44-50. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200001009.htm [30] 何满潮, 崔政权, 陈鸿汉, 等, 1998. 三峡库区巫山古滑坡系统构造形变场研究. 工程地质学报, 6(2): 97-102. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GCDZ802.000.htm [31] 胡新丽, Potts, D. M., Zdravkovic, L., 等, 2007. 三峡水库运行条件下金乐滑坡稳定性评价. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 32(3): 403-408. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200703013.htm [32] 焦文强, 尹金辉, 郑永刚, 等, 1998. 高精度14C测年技术. 核电子学与探测技术, 18(6): 419-424. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HERE806.003.htm [33] 刘传正, 2000. 长江上游川峡二江续接地段岸坡演变过程探讨. 中国地质灾害与防治学报, 11(1): 50-54, 59. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8035.2000.01.012 [34] 刘传正, 2003. 三峡库区的地质灾害. 岩土工程界, 6(6): 23-24, 35. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSJS200306034.htm [35] 孙云志, 张业明, 2007. 三峡库区近水平地层滑坡地下水动态特征. 资源环境与工程, 21(3): 298-301. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1211.2007.03.019 [36] 田陵君, 李平忠, 罗雁, 1996. 长江三峡河谷发育史. 成都: 西南交通大学出版社. [37] 杨达源, 1988a. 长江三峡的起源与演变. 南京大学学报, 24(3): 466-473. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NJDZ198803009.htm [38] 杨达源, 1988b. 长江三峡阶地的成因机制. 地理学报, 43(2): 120-126. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DLXB198802002.htm [39] 殷跃平, 2004. 三峡库区重大地质灾害及防治研究进展. 岩土工程界, 7(8): 20-26. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSJS200408008.htm [40] 殷跃平, 张加桂, 陈宝荪, 等, 2000. 三峡库区巫山移民新城址松散堆积体成因机制研究. 工程地质学报, 8(3): 265-271. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GCDZ200003001.htm [41] 张加桂, 1999. 三峡库区巫山县新城址工业区滑坡的成因机制研究. 工程地质学报, 7(3): 237-242. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GCDZ199903007.htm [42] 张加桂, 2002. 泥灰质岩石区几种岩溶地貌形态及成因探讨——以三峡地区为例. 地质科学, 37(3): 288-294. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZKX200203004.htm -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(3) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 3137
- HTML全文浏览量: 62
- PDF下载量: 59
- 被引次数: 0
