Mathematical Simulation of the Effect of the Change in Oil Viscosity on Water Drive Performance
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摘要: 为了研究注水开发油田原油粘度升高对开发效果的影响, 通过对实际油藏原油粘度统计, 回归出了原油粘度增长模型.在三维三相黑油渗流模型的基础上, 建立了一个原油粘度随含水和压力变化的油藏渗流数学模型, 并采用有限差分方法建立了相应的数值模型, 采用超松弛法对该模型进行了求解, 用Fortran90语言开发了一个新的数值模拟器.应用该模拟器模拟了不同的原油粘度变化规律对水驱效果的影响, 并与常规模拟器的结果进行了对比.结果表明: 初始水油粘度比为1∶10、含水达到98%时, 粘度增长指数由0增加到0.02, 对应的原油采出程度由44.80%降低到34.29%.目前商业软件中忽略了原油粘度随含水升高而增加的因素, 使得预测的采收率明显偏高.Abstract: The increase of crude oil viscosity can affect the production performance of oil fields when they are flooded by injection water. To study this effect, oil viscosity was analyzed statistically and its increase model was regressed. Based on the three-dimensional and three-phase black-oil model, a new mathematical model considering the change of oil viscosity caused by other factors besides formation pressure was developed. The model was discretized by the finite-difference method and solved by the LSOR (line successive over relaxation) method. A new numerical simulator written in Fortran 90 codes was developed. An oil field example of changes in oil viscosity is studied using the numerical simulator, and the changes in oil viscosity and their effects on water drive performance were studied and compared with the results given by a normal simulator. The result shows that oil recovery (water-cut arrives to 98%) decreases from 44. 80% to 34. 29% when the viscosity factor increases from 0 to 0. 02 if the initial viscosity ratio of water to oil is 1 : 10. The recovery predicted by current commercial oil reservoir simulators that neglect the increase in oil viscosity with water-cut rising is higher than true recovery.
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Key words:
- viscosity change /
- flow in porous media /
- numerical simulation /
- recovery /
- water-cut
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图 1 太平油田原油粘度升高与含水关系
Fig. 1. Relation of the increase in viscosity of oil from Taiping oilfield and water-cut
图 2 含水率和粘度增长指数对原油粘度变化的影响
Fig. 2. Effects of water-cut and viscosity increase exponent on the viscosity increase factors
图 4 粘度增长指数对日产油水速度(a)和采出程度(b)的影响
Fig. 4. Effects of viscosity increase exponent on production rates of oil and water (a) and oil recovery (b)
图 5 5年后剩余油饱和度分布
a.b= 0.000；b.b= 0.010；c.b= 0.020
Fig. 5. Residual oil distribution after 5 years
表 1 主要参数
Table 1. Main parameters
表 2 粘度增长指数对含水率和采出程度的影响
Table 2. Effects of viscosity increase exponent on water-cut and oil recovery
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