渤中坳陷超压-构造活动联控型流体流动与油气快速成藏

郝芳; 蔡东升; 邹华耀; 方勇; 曾治平

渤中坳陷超压-构造活动联控型流体流动与油气快速成藏

郝芳^{1, 2,},
蔡东升³,
邹华耀²,
方勇²,
曾治平¹

1.
中国地质大学资源学院，湖北武汉 430074
2.
石油大学油气成藏机理教育部重点实验室，北京 10224
3.
中海石油研究中心勘探研究部，河北高碑店 074010

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金重点项目 40238059

国家杰出青年基金项目 40125008

教育部重大科技项目 10419

详细信息

作者简介:
郝芳（1964－）, 男, 长江学者奖励计划特聘教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事石油地质研究.E-mail：haofang@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P618.13
计量
- 文章访问数: 3565
- HTML全文浏览量: 110
- PDF下载量: 5
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2004-06-12
- 刊出日期: 2004-09-25

Overpressure-Tectonic Activity Controlled Fluid Flow and Rapid Petroleum Accumulation in Bozhong Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

1.
Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism, University of Petroleum, Ministry of Education, Beijing 102249, China
3.
Exploration and Research Department of CNOOC Research Center, Gaobeidian 074010, China

摘要

摘要: 渤中坳陷是东营组沉积期及其之后渤海湾盆地沉降-沉积速率最高的地区, 亦是晚期断裂活动最强烈的地区.较高的沉降-沉积速率产生了重要的成藏物质效应: (1) 持续的较快速沉降-沉积使东营组发育较深湖-深湖相泥岩并成熟, 从而使渤中坳陷发育沙河街组和东营组2套有效源岩; (2) 较高的沉降-沉积速率引起的压实不均衡及伴生的源岩快速生烃引起较强的超压, 超压对有机质热演化的抑制作用使沙河街组源岩生、排烃滞后, 从而使沙河街组和东营组在晚期同时保持在较有利的生、排油阶段, 这是渤中坳陷油气资源丰富和油气晚期快速成藏的物质基础.较强的超压和强烈的断裂活动决定了超压-构造活动联控型流体流动, 进而决定了油气幕式快速成藏过程和油气分布: 油气主要富集于新近系, 新构造运动控制油气分布
- 渤中坳陷 /
- 新构造运动 /
- 超压 /
- 幕式流体流动 /
- 油气快速成藏
Abstract: Since the beginning of the deposition of Dongying Formation, the Bozhong depression has had the highest subsidence-sedimentation rates and the strongest late-stage (since 5.1 Ma) fault activity in the Bohai Bay basin. High subsidence-sedimentation rates have had very important "material" effects on petroleum accumulation. On one hand, both Dongying and Shahejie formations comprise effective source rocks in the Bozhong depression because of much thick overlying strata, whereas only Shahejie Formation is taken as effective source rocks in almost all other depressions in Bohai Bay basin. On the other hand, strong overpressure caused by compaction disequilibrium due to rapid subsidence and sedimentation retarded organic matter maturation especially hydrocarbon thermal destruction and delayed petroleum expulsion, which made both Shahejie and Dongying formations remain in a favorable conditions for petroleum generation and expulsion during late stage (since (5.1 Ma)). The "material effect" is a key for the rapid petroleum accumulation around Bozhong depression. The combination of strong overpressure and strong faulting during late stage controlled fluid flow as a result of episodic petroleum accumulation. Hence, such a process controls the distribution of petroleum occurring in Neogene strata.
- Bozhong depression /
- neotectonics /
- overpressure /
- episodic fluid flow /
- rapid petroleum accumulation

HTML全文

图 1 渤海湾盆地主要构造单元沉降速率的比较

(据中海石油研究中心勘探研究部资料编绘)

Fig. 1. Comparison of the subsidence rates for different sub-units of the Bohai Bay basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 渤海湾盆地不同地区地层厚度和断裂发育特征的比较

(龚再升提供)

Fig. 2. Cross-section showing the difference in stratum thickness and fault features in different sub-units of the Bohai Bay basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 渤中坳陷CFD18-2E-1井有机质成熟度和粘土矿物演化剖面

Fig. 3. Organic matter maturation and clay mineral transformation profiles for Well CFD18-2E-1, Bozhong depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 渤中坳陷PL7-1-1井地层温度和压力剖面

Fig. 4. Temperature and pressure profiles for Well PL7-1-1, Bozhong depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 断裂带压力的积累、断裂开启和流体释放过程

Fig. 5. Schematic diagram showing the processes of the buildup overpressure, opening of the faults and release of overpressure fluid along a fault

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 随张应力增大/构造活动增强, 断裂门限开启压力(p_TFO) 的变化

T.断裂带的抗张强度; σ3.构造松弛状态(应力完全由上覆地层负载产生的理想状态) 下的最小水平应力; ph.静水压力

Fig. 6. Variation of the threshold fluid pressure needed for fault opening with increasing tensile stress/strength of tectonic activities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 渤中坳陷QHD34-2-1井地层埋藏史、热史及储层流体包裹体均一温度分布

Fig. 7. Burial and thermal histories and homogenization temperatures for fluid inclusions from reservoir of Guantao Formation in Well QHD34-2-1

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

参考文献(37)

[1]	Aydin, A., 2000. Fractures, faults, and hydrocarbon entrapment, migration and flow. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 17: 797-814. doi: 10.1016/S0264-8172(00)00020-9
[2]	Cai, D.S., Luo, Y.H., 2001. Shallow tectonic deformation and its relationship to hydrocarbon enrichment in Bozhong depression and adjacent area, Bohai Bay basin. China Off-shore Oil and Gas(Geology), 15(1): 35-43(in Chinese with English abstract).
[3]	Carr, A.D., 1999. A vitrinite reflectance kinetic model incorporating overpressure retardation. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 16(3): 355-377.
[4]	Cartwright, J.A., 1994. Episodic basin-wide fluid expulsion from geopressured shale sequence in the North Sea basin. Geology, 22(3): 447-450.
[5]	Conybeare, D.M., Shaw, H.F., 2000. Fracturing, overpressure release and carbonate cementation in the Everest complex, North Sea. Clay Minerals, 35(2): 135-149.
[6]	Cosgrove, J.W., 2001. Hydraulic fracturing during the formation and deformation of a basin: A factor in the dewatering of low-permeability sediments. AAPG Bulletin, 85(4): 737-748.
[7]	Garven, G., 1995. Continental scale groundwater flow and geologic processes. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 23: 89-117. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ea.23.050195.000513
[8]	Gong, Z.S., Wang, G.C., 2001. Neotectonism and late hydrocarbon accumulation in Bohai Sea. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 22 (2): 1-8(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9]	Hao, F., Dong, W. L., 2001. Evolution of fluid flow and petroleum accumulation in overpressured systems in sedimentary basins. Advance in Earth Sciences, 16(1): 79-85(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]	Hao, F., Dong, W.L., Zou, H.Y., et al., 2003a. Overpressure fluid flow and rapid natural gas accumulation in the Yinggehai basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 24(6): 7-12(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]	Hao, F., Li, S.T., Dong, W.L., et al., 1998. Abnormal organic matter maturation in the Yinggehai basin, offshore South China Sea: Implications for hydrocarbon expulsion and fluid migration from overpressured systems. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 21(4): 427-444. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-5457.1998.tb00794.x
[12]	Hao, F., Li, S.T., Gong, Z.S., et al., 2000. Thermal regime, inter-reservoir compositional heterogeneities, and reservoir-filling history of the Dongfang gas field, Yinggehai basin, South China Sea: Evidence for episodic fluid injections in overpressured basins? AAPG Bulletin, 84(5): 607-626.
[13]	Hao, F., Sun, Y.C., Li, S.T., et al., 1995. Overpressure retardation of organic-matter maturation and hydrocarbon generation: A case study from the Yinggehai and Qiongdongnan basins, offshore South China Sea. AAPG Bulletin, 79 (4): 551-562.
[14]	Hao, F., Zou, H. Y., Yang, X.S., et al., 2003b. Episodic petroleum accumulation, its driving mechanisms and distinguishing markers. Chinese Journal of Geology, 38(3): 403-412(in Chinese with English abstract).
[15]	Hao, F., Zou, H.Y., Ni, J.H., et al., 2002. Evolution of overpressured systems in sedimentary basins and conditions for deep oil/gas accumulation. Earth Science- Journal of China University of Geosciences, 27(5): 610-615(in Chinese with English abstract).
[16]	Holm, G., 1998. How abnormal pressures affect hydrocarbon exploration, exploitation. Oil & Gas Journal, 96: 79-84.
[17]	Hunt, J.M., 1996. Petroleum geology and geochemistry. 2nd edition. Freeman Company, San Francisco, 743.
[18]	Li, M.C., Li, J., Wan, Y.J., 2001. Fluids in the sedimentary basins. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 22(4): 13-18(in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]	Liu, B.J., Li, T.D., 2001. Some problems of geology. Advance in Earth Sciences, 16(5): 607-616(in Chinese with English abstract).
[20]	Losh, S., Walter, L., Meulbroek, P., et al., 2002. Reservoir fluids and their migration into the South Eugene Island Block 330 reservoirs, offshore Louisiana. AAPG Bulletin, 86(8): 1463-1488.
[21]	Magnus, W., 2001. A quantitative comparison of some mechanisms generating overpressure in sedimentary basins. Tectonophysics, 334(3): 211-235.
[22]	McTavish, R.A., 1998. The role of overpressure in the retardation of organic matter maturation. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 21: 153-186. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-5457.1998.tb00652.x
[23]	Mi, L.J., 2001. The neotectonism and major Neogene oil and gas fields in Bohai Sea. China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology), 15(1): 21-28(in Chinese with English abstract).
[24]	Osborne, M.J., Swarbrick, R.E., 1997. Mechanisms for generating overpressure in sedimentary basins: A reevaluation. AAPG Bulletin, 81(6): 1023-1041.
[25]	Quick, J. C., Tabet, D. E., 2003. Suppressed vitrinite reflectance in the Ferron coalbed gas fairway, central Utah: Possible influence of overpressure. International Journal ofCoal Geology, 56(1): 49-67.
[26]	Roberts, S.J., Nunn, J.A., Cathles, L., et al., 1996. Expulsion of abnormally pressured fluids along faults. Journal of Geophysical Research, 101: 28231-28252. doi: 10.1029/96JB02653
[27]	Sverjensky, A., Garven, G., 1992. Tracing great fluid migrations. Nature, 365(9): 481-482.
[28]	Torre, D.M., Mahlmann, R.F., Ernst, W.G., 1997. Experimental study on the pressure dependence of vitrinite maturation. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 61(14): 2921-2928. doi: 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00104-X
[29]	蔡东升, 罗毓晖, 2001. 渤海浅层构造变形特征、成因机理与渤中坳陷及其周围油气富集的关系. 中国海上油气(地质), 15(1): 35-43. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZHSD200101006.htm
[30]	龚再升, 王国纯, 2001. 渤海新构造运动控制油气晚期成藏. 石油学报, 22(2): 1-8.
[31]	郝芳, 董伟良, 2001. 沉积盆地超压系统演化、流体流动与成藏机理. 地球科学进展, 16(1): 79-85. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-8166.2001.01.015
[32]	郝芳, 董伟良, 邹华耀, 等, 2003a. 莺歌海盆地汇聚型超压流体流动及天然气晚期快速成藏. 石油学报, 24(6): 7-12. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB200306002.htm
[33]	郝芳, 邹华耀, 杨旭升, 等, 2003b. 油气幕式成藏及其驱动机制和识别标志. 地质科学, 38(3): 403-412. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZKX200303017.htm
[34]	郝芳, 邹华耀, 倪建华, 等, 2002. 沉积盆地超压系统演化与深层油气成藏条件. 地球科学---中国地质大学学报, 27 (5): 610-615. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200205021.htm
[35]	李明诚, 李剑, 万玉金, 2001. 沉积盆地中的流体. 石油学报, 22(4): 13-18. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB200104003.htm
[36]	刘宝珺, 李廷栋, 2001. 地质学的若干问题. 地球科学进展, 16 (5): 607-616. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-8166.2001.05.003
[37]	米立军, 2001. 新构造运动与渤海海域新近系大油气田. 中国海上油气(地质), 15(1): 21-28. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1506.2001.01.007