Exploring the Underground Palace of the Emperor Qinshihuang Mausoleum with High Precision Gravity Survey
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摘要: 秦始皇帝陵是中国历史上第一个皇帝陵, 秦始皇帝陵考古已经取得许多重大发现, 但至今秦始皇帝陵地宫是否位于现存封土堆之下等问题尚不清楚, 因此, 利用先进技术探测秦始皇帝陵地宫对于科学保护这一重要文物资源具有重要意义.应用高精度重力测量, 确定了秦始皇帝陵地宫的东西、南北开挖范围约170m×145m, 发现了地宫的西向墓道.通过对重力异常的定量拟合计算, 推测了秦始皇帝陵地宫可能存在墓室, 墓室东西长约50m, 南北宽约40m, 埋深约43m, 高约10m;地宫四周可能存在石质宫墙, 宫墙的中心线范围为145m×125m, 墙体宽8m, 高约14m;宫墙上部有一细夯土墙, 墙宽约15m, 高约30m.认为秦始皇帝陵封土堆之下经过大规模开挖存在墓室、宫墙、墓道等配套的地下古墓建筑群, 从一个侧面为证实秦始皇帝陵地宫位于现存封土堆之下提供了证据.Abstract: Emperor Qinshihuang mausoleum is the first emperor mausoleum in Chinese history.Although archaeologists have made many great discoveries in the mausoleum archaeology, whether the underground palace of Emperor Qinshihuang mausoleum lied under the burial tamped mound and other problems remain not really clear by now. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the underground palace using advanced technologies in order to protect such an important cultural relic resources in science. It has been explored that digging area of the underground palace in the EW and SN directions is about 170m×145m and the western grave path has been discovered by high precision gravity survey. There would be a coffin chamber in the underground palace which is about 50m long from the east to the west and about 40m wide from the south to the north, the height of the coffin chamber is about 10m and the buried depth is about 43m; also there would be stone-made palace-wall in the surrounding of the underground palace, the central area of the palace-wall would be 145m×125m, the width of the palace-wall is about 8m, the height of the palace-wall is about 14m; and there is a thin tamped soil wall whose width is about 15m, height is about 30m on the top of stone-made palace-wall inferred from gravity anomaly definite quantity modelling. We thus consider that there exist complete set underground paleotomb architecture groups containing the coffin chamber, palace-walls, grave paths, etc. after large scale excavation under the burial tamped mound of Emperor Qinshihuang mausoleum, which provides the proof, from another side, that the underground palace lies beneath the burial tamped mound existing now.
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