Geological Conditions and Entrapment Models of Outcrop Trap Reservoirs
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摘要: 露头油藏是一种潜水面控制的特殊油藏, 研究它可以丰富石油地质理论和指导干燥盆地的勘探.通过理论研究和对吐哈盆地七克台油田分析认为, 露头油藏形成于潜水面埋深较大、油源丰富、发育露头圈闭的盆地.这种油藏有2种成藏模式, 一种是在削顶背斜的翼部形成的, 另一种是在侧向岩性封堵的单斜上形成的.露头油藏具有埋藏浅(深度几十至几百m)、形成时间晚、储集层物性好(孔隙度一般大于1 5 %)的特征。Abstract: Outcrop oil reservoir is a special reservoir controlled by water table. Theoretical analyses and detailed studies of the Qiketai oilfield in the Tuha basin showed that the outcrop oil reservoirs were formed in basins with deeply-buried water table, rich source of oil and outcrop traps. There were two entrapment models for the outcrop reservoirs. One model was that outcrop reservoirs developed in the wing of an outcrop anticline. The other model was that the outcrop reservoir occurred in the monocline that was laterally sealed by lithology. The outcrop reservoirs were usually characterized by small burial depth (tens to hundreds of meters), late accumulation and usually good reservoir porosity and permeability (the porosity was usually higher than 15%).
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Key words:
- outcrop trap reservoir /
- water table /
- outcrop anticline /
- monocline /
- Qiketai oilfield
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图 2 吐哈盆地七克台油田综合图[据翟光明等（1995）修改]
Fig. 2. Integrated map of Qiketai oilfield in Tuha basin (modified after Zhai et al.(1995))
图 3 柴达木盆地西部地表背斜及油苗分布
Fig. 3. Outcrop anticline and oil seepage distribution in west Qaidam basin
表 1 七克台油田原油性质
Table 1. Crude oil nature of Qiketai oilfield
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