月球某些资源的开发利用前景

欧阳自远; 邹永廖; 李春来; 刘建忠

月球某些资源的开发利用前景

欧阳自远^{1, 2},
邹永廖^{1, 2},
李春来^{1, 2},
刘建忠^{1, 2}

1.
中国科学院地球化学研究所, 贵州贵阳 550002
2.
中国科学院国家天文台, 北京 100012

基金项目:

中国科学院知识创新工程项目 KZCX2-115

详细信息

作者简介:
欧阳自远(1935-), 男, 中国科学院院士, 研究员, 主要从事天体化学、地球化学、资源与环境地球化学领域的研究工作, 最近主要从事月球探测与月球科学的研究

中图分类号: P184.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2002-04-22
- 刊出日期: 2002-09-25

Prospect of Exploration and Utilization of Some Lunar Resources

OUYANG Zi-yuan^{1, 2},
ZOU Yong-liao^{1, 2},
LI Chun-lai^{1, 2},
LIU Jian-zhong^{1, 2}

1.
Instituteof Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
2.
National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

摘要

摘要: 21世纪月球探测的主要趋势是建立月球基地, 开发利用月球的矿产资源、能源和特殊环境, 为人类社会的可持续发展发挥长期而有效的支撑作用.通过对月海玄武岩中的钛铁矿、克里普岩中的U、Th、REE和月壤中的氦-3在月面的含量与分布的系统分析, 月海玄武岩中蕴藏有极丰富的钛铁矿, TiO₂总资源量超过70万亿t, 钛铁矿还是月球基地生产水和火箭燃料的主要原料; 克里普岩是未来月球探测与研究的热点之一, 其蕴藏有巨量的铀、钍、钾、磷和稀土元素资源; 月壤长期受到太阳风的照射, 使其蕴藏有极其丰富的氢、氦、氧、氮等气体资源, 其中氦-3的资源量大于10 0万t, 它是一种可供人类社会长期使用的、安全、清洁、高效、廉价的核聚变发电燃料, 其含量与月壤的化学成分、矿物组分、颗粒大小等有密切的关系.
- 月球资源 /
- 月海玄武岩 /
- 克里普岩 /
- 月壤
Abstract: The establishment of the lunar base is the main trend of the lunar exploration and detection in the 21st century, because the exploration and utilization of the lunar mineral resources, energy and specific environment will effectively support the sustainable development of human society. The authors make a systematic study of the distributions and contents of ilmenitite in lunar basalts, those of U, Th, REE in KREEP rocks and those of He 3 in the lunar regolith. Then the authors show two points: (1) More than 70 000 billion tons of titanium dioxide occur in lunar basalts. The ilmenitite is the major raw material for the production of water and missile fuel in the lunar base. (2) KREEP rocks, one of the hot issues for the detection of and research into the lunar planet, contain a gigantic mount of uranium, thorium, calcium, phosphorus and rare earth elements. The lunar regolith has been affected by the solar wind for a long time, so that it contains such abundant gas resources as hydrogen, helium, oxygen and nitrogen. In particular, the He 3, amounting to over 1 million tons, is a kind of nuclear fusion fuel for the production of electrical power. This kind of fuel, safe, clean, highly efficient and cheap, can be applied to the human society for a long time. The content of helium is closely associated with the chemical composition, mineral assemblage and grain size of the lunar regolith.
- lunar resources /
- lunar mare basalt /
- KREEP rock /
- lunar regolith

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图 1 月球主要演化事件年代分布

实线为已测定的事件年龄; 虚线为推测的事件年龄; 12013及15415为阿波罗12与15的样品编号; A-11, A-12, A-14, A-15及A-16为阿波罗样品; L-16为月球16号样品

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图 2 月球表面铁和钛的质量分数分布^[5]

Fig. 2. Mass fractions of iron and titanium on the lunar surface

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图 3 月球正面月海盆地内玄武岩的厚度分布^[14]

Fig. 3. Basalt thickness on the lunar mare basin

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图 4 月球正面TiO₂质量分数分布^[15]

Fig. 4. Mass fraction of TiO₂ on the lunar nearside surface

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图 5 月球土壤12070样品中的稀有气体质量体积与矿物、粒度关系^[1]

Fig. 5. Relation between the concentration of rare gas elements in the lunar regolith (sample No.12070) and minerals, granularity^[1]

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表 1 标准状态下月壤细颗粒中的稀有气体质量体积^{[1, 2]}

Table 1. Concentrations of rare gases in the lunar regolith under the standard temperature and pressure (cm³·g^-1)

参考文献(18)

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