Abstract: Mining right, derived from the proprietorship of mineral resources is the right that is implemented by others and it is obtained by a repayment. Therefore, the dealing of the mining right in the market for profit should be considered rational. The exchange value of the mining right is composed of the utilization value of the mineral resources and the value of the geological exploitation results. The former is called the graded mine rent and the latter absolute mine rent and they are the excess profit obtained by the equation of existing income value. While the latter is usually derived from rational labour consumption or cost effectiveness. Finally different economic realization methods and operations are suggested for the two rents according to the manners of the mining right motion.